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KC SHB Questions > SHB Category: E, History > Flashcards

SHB Category: E, History Flashcards

Pages 168-181 COMPLETE

1
Q

What was man’s earliest use of the horse?

A

Food

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2
Q

The horse’s greatest contribution to human history was its use as what?

A

War machine, tool of war

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3
Q

What kind of environment did the earliest stages of Equus inhabit?

A

River banks and swamps

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4
Q

How many classifications of one-toed animals are the besides the horse and its immediate relatives?

A

None

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5
Q

Where did the horse originate?

A

North America (great plains)

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6
Q

What tribe of indians was responsible for the development of the Appaloosa breed?

A

Nez Perce

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7
Q

For what purpose was man’s earliest association with the horse?

A

As a source of food

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8
Q

Name 3 distinguishing characteristics of the Perissodactyla

A

Odd number of toes, hooved, non-ruminant, mammals

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9
Q

In the zoological order, what is the species of the horse?

A

Equus caballus

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10
Q

What zoological classification contains animals with backbones?

A

Chordata

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11
Q

To what breed did the Morgan contribute to substantially and later was replaced by this new breed on the track?

A

Standardbred

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12
Q

How many years ago did Equus originate?

A

1 million years ago

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13
Q

What is the Wild Horse of Central Europe?

A

Tarpan

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14
Q

In the zoological order, what is the genus of the horse?

A

Equus

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15
Q

The horse has the distinction of being the only animal in the world with what?

A

One toe on each foot

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16
Q

How many other one-toed animals are there besides the horse and its immediate relatives?

A

None

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17
Q

What was the first horse called and in what epoch did it appear?

A

Eohippus in Eocene epoch

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18
Q

In the zoological order, what family does the horse belong to?

A

Equidae

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19
Q

How many geological epochs did the horse family live on the North American continent?

A

Four

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20
Q

In the zoological order, what phylum does the horse belong to?

A

Chordata

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21
Q

Name another animal, other than the horse, in the order Perissodactyla

A

Rhinoceros, tapir

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22
Q

What color is similar to that of the tarpan and Przewalski’s horse?

A

Dun or buckskin

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23
Q

How did the horse migrate to other areas of the world from North America?

A

Existing land bridges at the time

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24
Q

Why is it hard to find wild horses in their pure form?

A

They interbreed freely with domestic horses

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25
Q

What is a tarpan?

A

European wild horse of East Prussia (Wild Asian horse)

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26
Q

The horse evolved and flourished in North America during how many geological epochs?

A

Four

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27
Q

During which epoch did the horse appear?

A

Eocene epoch

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28
Q

Which Spanish explorer was credited with bringing the first spotted horses to the North American continent?

A

Cortez

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29
Q

During the Eocene epoch, where did the ancestors of Equus live?

A

River banks of North America

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30
Q

Why did the early horse become extinct in North America?

A

We don’t know why, most theories have been discounted

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31
Q

Although we do not know why, the horse disappeared from North America about the same time which mammal appeared?

A

Man

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32
Q

Who introduced the East Coast Indians to horses?

A

Spanish explorers

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33
Q

The first domesticated horses to reach the North American continent were the mount of whom?

A

Spanish conquistadors

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34
Q

By 1000 BC, the domestication of the horse had spread to almost every part of what 3 areas of the world?

A

Europe, Asia, and North Africa

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35
Q

A man’s pathway to glory is strewn with what?

A

The bones of a horse

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36
Q

What is the genus and species of the true zebra?

A

Equus zebra

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37
Q

Where in the US are many fossil remains of the horse found?

A

River valley clays, sand and sandstone of American West

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38
Q

What ability of the horse had the greatest significance in building civilization?

A

The role as a draft animal

39
Q

Name 4 continents where fossil remains of the horse have been found

A

Asia, Europe, Africa, South America, North America

40
Q

From 1650 to 1750, what effect did the horse have on North America?

A

Indians developed into a Great Horse Culture and the horse greatly changed the lifestyle and culture of the Plains Indians

41
Q

The evolution of the horse can be traced by detailed studies of which part of the horse’s anatomy?

42
Q

How many geological epochs did the horse survive before its extinction from North America?

43
Q

What zoological classification contains warm blooded animals that give milk and have hair?

44
Q

What zoological order is the horse classified as and what does it denote?

A

Perissodactyla meaning odd-toed non-ruminating hooved animals

45
Q

What historical occurrence caused a severe decrease in the horse population in the US and occurred between 1918 and 1950?

A

Invention of combustion engine

46
Q

What highly sought after breed of tall, rangy draft horse was developed in Southern Pennsylvania for freight hauling, only to eventually die out and a breed registry was never established?

A

Conestoga horse

47
Q

What phylum does the horse belong to?

48
Q

What is the zoological species of the horse?

A

Equus caballus

49
Q

What kingdom does the horse belong to?

50
Q

What zoological class does the horse belong to?

51
Q

What is the name for the first “true horse” which originated in North America a million years ago?

52
Q

What was the epoch and stage of evolution of the horse when he disappeared from North America?

A

Pleistocene epoch and equus

53
Q

Name a breed of East Coast Indian horses

54
Q

What horse broke the trotting record of Greyhound in 1969?

A

Nevele Pride

55
Q

Who was responsible of bringing the horse back to North America?

A

Spanish conquistadors

56
Q

In the 1950’s, the number of horses in the US had dropped to how many head?

57
Q

Initial domestication of the horse occurred in several parts of the world at the same time. When did this domestication take place?

A

Between 4500-2500 BC

58
Q

In the zoological classification of the horse, the horse is of what order?

A

Perissodactyla

59
Q

In the zoological order what class does the horse belong to?

60
Q

How long did it take for the Great ‘wild’ horse herds of the Plain to become adapted to a region, after being re-introduced to North America?

61
Q

In the zoological scheme, name the classification of the horse’s family.

62
Q

Who brought the first horses back to the North American continent after the Ice Age?

A

Spanish Conquistadors

63
Q

Where was the original home of the horse 58 million years ago?

A

Great Plains of North America

64
Q

What caused the decrease in numbers of draft horses in the US in the early 1900s?

A

Invention of the combustion engine (tractors, cars, trucks)

65
Q

Mesohippus lived during what epoch?

66
Q

What was the use of the Conestoga horse?

A

Freight haulers

67
Q

Name the American Indian breed that is found in the ancestry of the Quarter horse, American Saddle horse, and Tennessee Walking horse.

68
Q

How many horses were in the US in 1918?

A

21 million

69
Q

What is the family name of the horse?

70
Q

In which epoch did the horse become extinct from North America?

A

Pleistocene

71
Q

Name the genus of the living members of the horse family.

72
Q

In the Northeastern US, there was a need for a versatile, light harness, driving, and riding horse. What breed was developed in response to this need?

73
Q

What evolutionary stage was the horse in during the Ice Age?

74
Q

On what continent did Equus originate?

A

North America

75
Q

What is the genus and species of the horse?

A

Equus caballus

76
Q

How many races did Man O’War win?

A

21 out of 22

77
Q

Give the species name of the horse.

A

Equus Caballus

78
Q

What is the Greek word for horse?

79
Q

Give the complete zoological classification of the horse.

A 
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Perissodactyla
Family: Equidae
Genus: Equus
Species: Equus Caballus
80
Q

During what epoch did equus disappear from North America?

A

Pleistocene epoch

81
Q

Name 2 reasons why the horse family is a classic example of evolution.

A

Enormous changes in size and structure in response to its environment and well preserved fossil remains.

82
Q

Name 3 members of the genus, Equus

A

Horses, ponies, zebras, asses

83
Q

What are 6 ways the horse has served man throughout the ages?

A

Beast of burden, draft animal, means of transportation, war machine, recreation, companionship, and food

84
Q

In 1918, there were 21 million horses in the US, what type of horses were the most numerous?

A

Draft horses

85
Q

The horse’s development was probably significantly affected by what 4 environmental factors?

A

Altitude, climate, soil, and forage

86
Q

What zoological order is the horse classified as and what does it denote about the horse?

A

Perissodactyla, means odd-toed, non-ruminating, hoofed animal

87
Q

The ancestors of Equus had numerous toes, what happened to the missing toes?

A

They became splint bones

88
Q

What is the species name for an ass?

A

Equus Asinus

89
Q

How many years ago did Equus originate?

A

1 million years ago

90
Q

Equus disappeared from North America in what epoch?

A

Pleistocene

91
Q

Give 3 examples of how evolution has affected the horse.

A

Increased in size, decreased number of toes, changed from browser to grazer, changed from living in swamp to grazing areas, teeth changed in size and function from browser to grazer, fusion of tibia and fibula, fusion of radius and ulna

92
Q

Name 3 common factors possessed by animals found in the order Perissodactyla

A

Odd-toed, non-ruminating, hoofed animals

93
Q

Give the zoological classification: the kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus and species of the horse.

A

Animalia, Chordata, Mammalia, Perissodactyla, Equidae, Equus, Equus Caballus

KC SHB Questions (18 decks)

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