SHB Bonus Questions Only ALL SECTIONS

Question 1

Name 5 causes of infertility in mares

Answer 1

scars, blocked oviducts, abrasions, tumors, ulcers, ovarian cysts, pneumovagina(windsucking), poor general health, cervicitis, vaginitis, endometritis, closed cervix, split cervix

Question 2

Name 4 conditions in a mare that would prevent breeding during foal heat

Answer 2

bruised cervix, laceration/tear in cervix, discharge from vagina, placenta retained more than 3 hours, lack of tone in uterus

Question 3

Describe 3 processes that must take place in embryo transfer

Answer 3

fertilization and conception in donor mare, fertilized embryo taken from donor mare, embryo placed in recipient mare, recipient mare carries fetus to term, recipient mare gives birth

Question 4

Name 5 economically important genetic traits that can be selected effectively by production breeders

Answer 4

height, weight, body length, heart girth circumference, cannon bone circumference, color, pulling power, running speed, walk speed, trot speed, quality of movement, temperament, cow sense, intelligence, type, confirmation

Question 5

Genetic defects are sometimes characterized by the lethality of the trait that is involved. Name 3 types of lethals and give an example of each.

Answer 5

True lethal: Lethal white foal syndrome, Lethal dominant roan, Delayed lethal: cerebellular abiotrophy, cleft palate, Partial Lethal: parrot mouth, umbilical hernia, poor limb formation

Question 6

Describe where the endometrium and peritonium are located.

Answer 6

endomitrium is the innermost mucous membrane in the uterine wall, peritonium is the outermost layer of the uterine wall

Question 7

What cells are responsible for spermatozoa production and testosterone and estrogen production?

Answer 7

Sertoli cells produce sperm, Leydig cells produce hormones (testosterone and estrogen)

Question 8

What are the 3 parts of the uterus?

Answer 8

body, horn(cornua), cervix(neck)

Question 9

What are the 4 phases of the estrous cycle?

Answer 9

pro estrus, estrus, met estrus, diestrus, (anestrus, pregnancy also acceptable)

Question 10

Name 2 things you can do for a foal who is not breathing

Answer 10

remove placenta from nostrils, artificial respiration, blowing in the mouth, rub body vigorously, lift body and gently drop foal

Question 11

Name 2 extenders used in artificial extermination

Answer 11

skimmed milk, cream gelatin dilutor, A.M. extender

Question 12

What are 2 other names for N.I.?

Answer 12

neonatal isoerythrolysis, hemolytic icterus, jaundice foal

Question 13

Name the 3 classifications of follicles according to the varying stages of development during the breeding season

Answer 13

primordial, growing, graafian

Question 14

What is the ratio of colors that would result from repeated matings of 2 palominos?

Answer 14

1/4 chestnut, 1/2 palomino, 1/4 cremello

Question 15

What are 2 methods of testing colostrum for immunoglobulin concentration?

Answer 15

colostrometer and agglutination test kit

Question 16

Name 2 methods of surgical transfer during embryo transfer.

Answer 16

Mid-ventral and flank incisions

Question 17

Name 4 hormones secreted by the pituitary gland.

Answer 17

FSH, LH, growth hormone, prolactin, oxytocin, thyrotropin, vasopressin, adrenocorticopin

Question 18

What are the 3 most commonly used hormones for the manipulation of the estrous cycle?

Answer 18

prostaglandins, progesterone, human chorionic gonadotropin

Question 19

Describe 4 measurements that determine the quality of a stallions semen

Answer 19

of motile sperm, # of sperm per milliliter, volume of ejaculation, shape/structure of sperm, morphology(# of live sperm)

Question 20

Pregnant mares should be immunized for which 4 diseases, 30 days prior to foaling?

Answer 20

Tetanus, eastern encephalomyelitis, western encephalomyelitis, influenza NOT RHINO

Question 21

Name the 4 criteria used to evaluate stallion semen

Answer 21

volume, concentration, mobility, morphology

Question 22

What are the 3 parts of the penis?

Answer 22

root, body(shaft), glans penis

Question 23

In the mare, the fetal placenta is formed by what 3 membranes?

Answer 23

Chorion, allantois, amnion

Question 24

Name 3 uses for rectal palpitation in mares.

Answer 24

direct exam of internal reproductive organs (diagnose breeding problems), detection of pregnancy, determine appropriate time for breeding

Question 25

Name 3 things a palpation chute can be used for.

Answer 25

rectal palpations, restrain mare during breeding, caslick operation, artificial insemination, hygiene procedures

Question 26

Name 4 things that can occur in pregnant mares grazing on fescue immediately prior to parturition

Answer 26

prolonged gestation, thickened placenta at birth, lack of milk production, weak foals, stillborn foals, difficult birth

Question 27

In mare management, mares can be classified into what 5 types during the breeding season?

Answer 27

pregnant, open, barren, maiden, wet

Question 28

What are the 3 distinct layers of the uterus?

Answer 28

serous, myometrium, endometrium

Question 29

Name the parts of the stallions reproductive tract.

Answer 29

2 testes, epididymis, urethra, penis, accessory glands: (cowpers, seminal vesicle, prostate)

Question 30

What are the 3 most genetically common colors of horses?

Answer 30

Bay, black, chestnut

Question 31

During the third trimester, a mare has specific increases in which 5 nutrients?

Answer 31

energy nutrients, protein, calcium, phosphorus, Vitamin A

Question 32

Name 3 factors that affect the stallions ability to produce spermatozoa.

Answer 32

testicle size, season of the year, age

Question 33

The epididymis can be divided into 3 segments, name them.

Answer 33

Head(caput), body(corpus), tail(cauda)

Question 34

What are 3 types of qualitative gene actions?

Answer 34

Dominance, Co-Dominance, Partial Dominance