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Pathology I > Session 23 - Urinary III > Flashcards

Session 23 - Urinary III Flashcards

1
Q

What can cause hemoglobinuric nephrosis?

A

Increased circulating hemoglobin in a hemolytic crissi

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2
Q

What can cause hemoglobiuric nephrosis in sheep?

A

Chronic copper toxicity

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3
Q

What can cause hemoglobiuric nephrosis in cattle?

A

Leptosporosis + Babesiosis

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4
Q

What can cause hemogloburic nephrosis in dogs?

A

Babesiosis + AIHA

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5
Q

What can cause hemogloburic nephoris in horses?

A

Red maple leaf toxicity

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6
Q

By what pathologic mechanism does hemogloburic nephoris occur?

A

Renal ischemia + Increased serum hemoglobin
Passage of hemoglobin through glomeruli
Intratubular casts of hemoglobin pigment
Compounds tubular epithelial damage

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7
Q

What is the gross appearance of hemogloburic nephrosis?

A

Gun-metal blue to chocolate color of kidney

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8
Q

What causes myglobinuric nephrosis?

A

Acute, extensive muscle necrosis

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9
Q

What can cause myoglobinuric nephrosis in wildlife?

A

Capture myopathy

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10
Q

What is seen in horses with myoglobinuric nephrosis?

A

Azoturia

Acute rhabdomyolysis

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11
Q

What is another name for acute rhabdomyolysis in horses?

A

Monday morning disease

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12
Q

What is the pathogensis of myoglobinuric nephrosis?

A

Similar to hemogloburic nephrosis

Myoglobin seen earlier and more readily in urine

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13
Q

Why is myoglobin seen quicker then hemoglobin?

A

Smaller, no carrier protein needed

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14
Q

What does lilies cause in cats?

A

Acute tubular necrosis

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15
Q

What is renal papillary necrosis commonly associated with?

A

Hypoperfusion of the inner medulla

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16
Q

What commonly causes renal papillary necrosis in equine?

A

Phenylbutazone or Flunixin meglumine

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17
Q

What commonly causes renal papillary necrosis in dogs and cats

A

Ibuprofen + Aspirin + Acetominophen

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18
Q

By what mechanism does Acetominophen cause renal papillary necrosis?

A

Directly damages tubular epithelium

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19
Q

What can make NSAID toxicity worse?

A

Dehydration

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20
Q

How do NSAIDs cause renal papillary necrosis?

A

Reduction of prostaglandins which protect the kidney from ischemia

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21
Q

What cell type is responsible for prostaglandin release in teh kidney?

A

Interstitial cells

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22
Q

When are uroliths most common in cattle?

A

Males

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23
Q

Where are stones found most commonly in cattle?

A

Sigmoid flexure of males

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24
Q

What can exacerbate the effects of uroliths?

A

Dehydration

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25
What kind of urolith is most common in cattle?
Silica or struvite
26
What are the two most common uroliths in canines?
Struvites + Calcium oxalate
27
What is the most common type of urolith in otters?
Calcium oxalate
28
What bacteria is specific to bovine urinary tracts?
Corynebacterium renale -- and -- Arcanobacterium pyogenes
29
What bacteria is specific to the swine urinary tract?
Eubacterium suis
30
What do the bacteria listed in this lecture tend to cause in the kidney?
Plelonephritis
31
Term: Pyleonephritis
Thick, red, rough, granular or exudative mucosa Dilation of renal pelvis Ulceration of papilla
32
Why is the focus of inflammation in the renal pelvis?
Ascending
33
What causes leptospirosis?
Leptospira interrogans
34
What species are most affected by lepto?
Cattle + Dogs
35
What is seen histologically with lepto infecton?
Mononuclear inflammation in interstitium | Chronic interstitial nephritis
36
What age is most affected by the canine herpes virus?
4 to 6 week old puppies
37
Where do these puppies tend to get canine herpes virus?
intruterine or neonatal infection
38
What is seen throughout the kidney with canine herpes infections?
Hemorrhaging
39
What is seen histologically with canine herpes virus?
Acute tubular necrosis | Intranuclear eosinophilic viral inclusions
40
What type of hypersensitivity is seen with FIP?
Type 4 - cell mediated
41
What lesions are seen with FIP?
Pyogranulomatous nephritis secondary to fibrinoid vasculitis Subcapsular + cortical foci of inflammation centered around blood vessels w/ pools of fibrin
42
What gross lesions are seen with FIP?
Vascular associated + granular texture
43
What is a differential that looks similar to FIP?
Lymphoma
44
What is a primary tumor of the kidney?
Renal cell carcinoma
45
What does renal cell carcinoma look like grossly?
Rounded, firm Often hemorrhaging present Cystic degeneration
46
What is a paraneoplastic condition of renal cell carcinoma?
Erthropoietin oversecretion resulting in polycythemia
47
What can be associated with renal cell carcinoma in german shepherds? What is seen grossly?
Nodular dermatofibrosis | Lesions will be seen in skin
48
What animal commonly gets renal cell carcinoma?
Budgerigars
49
What is the most common type of neoplasia in dogs?
Transitional cell carcinoma
50
What does TCC look like grossly?
Cream colored, raised and contains polypoid mass | Thickened mucosa
51
Where is TCC most commonly found in the bladder?
Around the trigone
52
What is the most common type of mesenchymal tumor in the urinary tract?
Leiomyoma
53
What is the cell origin of a leiomyoma?
Smooth muscle
54
What is the histological pattern of a leiomyoma?
Steaming bundles of smooth muscle cells
55
What is the gross appearance of a leiomyoma?
Smooth, nodular or bulging Pale tan Firm with streaming pattern
56
Where do leiomyomas form?
Ureter + Urethra + urinary bladder
57
What is the most common renal tumor in dogs?
Renal cell carcinoma
58
Which occurs more in dogs and cats primary renal tumors or secondary renal tumors? By how much?
Secondary Cats - 7x's Dogs - 2x's
59
What are the most common renal metastases in dogs?
Hemangiosarcoma Adenocarcinoma Lymphoma
60
What are the most common renal metastases in cats?
Lymphoma
61
What is a common renal tumor in pigs and chickens?
Nephroblastoma
62
What is the origin of nephroblastoma?
Pluripotent | Have mesenchymal + Tubular + Glomerular
63
What is the most common tumor in cattle?
Bovine leukemia virus - associated renal lymphoma

Pathology I (19 decks)

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