Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pathology I > Session 10 - Cardio II (Heart Neoplasia) > Flashcards

Session 10 - Cardio II (Heart Neoplasia) Flashcards

1
Q

What does rhabdomyoma/sarcoma look like grossly?

A

Pale grey nodulees that form in myocardium of heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is hemangiosarcoma?

A

Neoplasm of endothelial cells of blood vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Where do primary hemangiosarcoma tumors tend to be?

A

right auricular appendage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Where else in the body can hemangiosarcomas present themselves?

A

Liver + Spleen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is a common complication with hemangiosarcomas in the heart?

A

Hemorrhage into the pericardium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What do hemangiosarcomas look like grossly?

A

Red, raised masses

Can be dark enough to resemble malignant melanoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What does hemangiosarcoma look like histologically?

A

Atypical endothelial cells supported on thin collagenous stroma
Cells form numerous blood filled fenestrations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Where do heart-base tumors arise from?

A

Extra-cardia tissues at the heart base

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What effects can heart-base tumors cause?

A

Compress vascular structures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the characteristics of a aortic chemodectoma?

A

Neoplastic growth of chemoreceptor cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What breed of dog is aortic chemodectoma most commonly seen in?

A

Brachycephalics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the most common secondary cardiac neoplasm?

A

Lymphosarcoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What animals is lymphosarcoma seen in?

A

Cows + Horses + Dogs + Cats

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What does lymphosarcoma in the heart tend to look like grossly?

A

Nodules of white tissue that can resemble fat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What does lymphosarcoma look like in the heart histologically?

A

Homogenous population of round cells in a sheet formation

Frequent mitoses and nuclear pleomorphism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the microbe responsible for heartworm?

A

Dirofilariasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What basic pathology is seen with heart worm disease?

A

Pulmonary arteritis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What mechanisms occur with heartworm disese?

A

Endarteritis
Endothelial damage leading to formation of thromboemboli
Obstructed pulmonary outflow can lead to vena caval syndrom

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are the results of vena caval syndrome?

A

Liver failure
Hemolytic anemia
Cardiogenic shock

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is endarteritis?

A

Eosinophilic infiltration of intima of vessel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What do the thromboemboli caused by heartworm lead to in the lung?

A

Pulmonary infarction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is cor pulmonale?

A

Pulmonary vascular disease leading to right heart enlargement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What are the cell types that can be seen in myocarditis?

A 
Suppurative 
Lymphocytic 
Necrotizing 
Hemorrhagic 
Eosinophilic
24
Q

What does the presence of supprative tell you about the origin of the myocarditis at hand?

A

Pyogenic bacteria

25
Q

What does the presence of lymphocytic tell you about the origin of the myocarditis at hand?

A

Viral infections + Immune mediated

26
Q

What does the presence of Necrotizing tell you about the origin of the myocarditis at hand?

A

Canine parvovirus

Foot and mouth disease

27
Q

What does the presence of hemorrhagic tell you about the origin of the myocarditis at hand?

A

Clostriidium chauvoei

28
Q

What does the presence of eosinophils tell you about the origin of the myocarditis at hand?

A

Idiopathic + Parasitic

29
Q

What are the three outcomes of infection and inflammation in the myocardium?

A

Resolution + Scarring + Progression to secondary dilated cardiomyopathy

30
Q

What is the primary cause of endocarditis?

A

Bacteria

31
Q

What bacteria most commonly causes endocarditis in pigs?

A

Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae

32
Q

What bacteria most commonly causes endocarditis in cattle?

A

Trueperella pyogenes

33
Q

What bacteria most commonly causes endocarditis in most other species besides cattle and pigs?

A

Streptococcus sp.

34
Q

What does endocarditis look like grossly?

A

Firable grey to tan massess adhered to surface of valve leaflets

35
Q

What valve is most likely affected by endocarditis in cattle?

A

Tricuspid

36
Q

What valve is most likely affect in endocarditis in other species besides cattle?

A

First: Mitral
Second: Aortic

37
Q

Where is endocarditis least likely to be found?

A

Pulmonic valve

38
Q

What is another name for endocardiosis?

A

Myoxmatous valvular degeneration

39
Q

What is the cause of endocariosis?

A

Age

40
Q

What breeds tend to get endocariosis the most?

A

Toy/medium breeds

Cavalier king charles

41
Q

What is endocardosis responsible the most for in older dogs?

A

Congestive heart failure

42
Q

What valve is most commonly affected in endocardiosis?

A

Mitral

43
Q

What does endocardiosis look like grossly?

A

Nodules formed by subendothelial deposits of mucopolysaccharides and proliferations of myofibroblasts

44
Q

What are the associated lesions that occur with endocardosis?

A

Atrial dilation + possible rupture
Jet lesions
Rupture of chordae tendinae

45
Q

What animals most commonly sees hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?

A

Cats

46
Q

What does hypertrophic cardiomyopathy tend to progress to in cats?

A

CHF

47
Q

Where does thickening predominately occur in cats with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?

A

LV free wall and interventricular septum

LA may be dilated

48
Q

What type of thrombosis is seen in cats with hypertrophic cardiacmyopathy?

A

LA thrombosis

w/ thromboemboli of caudal abdominal aorta in 10 to 20% of cases

49
Q

What does hypertrophic cardiomyopathy look like histologically?

A

Myocyte disarray + Fibrosis

50
Q

What is the most likely cause of dilated cardiomyopathy?

A

Multifactorial myocardial damage

51
Q

What, in lecture, are examples of diseases that may lead to dilated cardiomyopathy?

A

Taurine deficiency in cats
Cobalt toxicity
Myocarditis

52
Q

What occurs mechanically with dilated cardiomyopathy?

A

Hypocontractility during systolic phase of cardiac cycle j

53
Q

What does dilated cardiomyopathy look like grossly?

A

Heart tends to be rounded
All chambers may be dilated
Ventricles are thin and flabby
Endocardial surface may be thin and white

54
Q

What does dilated cardiomyopathy look like histologically?

A

Minimal changes seen

55
Q

What are the two most common types of primary heart tumors?

A

Rhabdomyoma/sarcoma + Hemangiosarcoma

Pathology I (19 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions