Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Physiology > Sensory perception > Flashcards

Sensory perception Flashcards

1
Q

What is the PNS broken down into?

A
  • Afferent division

- Efferent division

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the function of the afferent divison?

A

“carry to”, sending information from internal and external environment to CNS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the function of the efferent division?

A

“carry from’, sending information from the CNS to muscles and glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the afferent division of the PNS broken down into?

A
  • Visceral afferent

- Sensory afferent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the function of the visceral afferent?

A

Incoming information from internal viscera

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the sensory afferent (from the afferent division - PNS) broken down into?

A
  • Somatic

- Special senses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the function of the somatic of the sensory afferent?

A

Sensation from body surface and proprioception

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the function of the special senses of the sensory afferent?

A

Vision, hearing, smell, taste

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is a stimulus?

A

A change detectable by the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the stimulus perceived by?

A

Receptors - structures at peripheral endings of afferent neurons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the function of receptors?

A

They convert stimuli into electrical signals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the sequence from stimulus?

A

Stimulus - Receptor - Receptor potential - Action potential

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is sensory transduction?

A

From stimulus - Receptor - Receptor potential

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is a sensory system comprised of?

A
  • The sensory receptors
  • Their axonal pathways
  • Target areas in the brain involved in perception
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Give another name for stimuli.

A

Modalities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Give examples of modalities

A

light, sound, pressure, taste, smell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are the sensory system modalities?

A

SYSTEMS

  • Visual
  • Somatosensory
  • Auditory
  • Olfactory
  • Gustatory
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What are outside receptors called?

A

Exteroceptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are inside receptors called?

A

Interoceptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What are the vision receptors?

A

Photoreceptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What are the touch, balance, proprioception, hearing receptors?

A

Mechanoreceptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What are the temperature receptors?

A

Thermoreceptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What are the smell, taste receptors?

A

Chemoreceptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What are the pain receptors?

A

Nociceptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What is the stimulus of photoreceptors?

A

Light

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What is the stimulus of mechanoreceptors?

A

Mechanical energy (stretching muscle, hair cell movement)

27
Q

What are the stimuli of thermoreceptors?

A

Heat and cold

28
Q

What is the stimulus of chemoreceptors?

A

Specific chemicals (O2, isoamyl acetate)

29
Q

What are the stimuli of nociceptors?

A

Excessive pressure, excessive temperature, certain chemicals

30
Q

Where do primary afferent axons enter the spinal cord?

A

Through the dorsal roots

31
Q

Where are the somas of the primary afferent axons?

A

In the dorsal root ganglia

32
Q

What do skin receptors lack?

A

Aalpha

33
Q

What are the unmyelinated fibres?

A

C fibres

34
Q

What are the axons from muscles involving Aalpha

A

Group I

35
Q

What are the axons from muscles involving Abeta?

A

Group II

36
Q

What are the axons from muscles involving Agamma?

A

Group III

37
Q

What are the axons from muscles involving C fibres?

A

Group IV

38
Q

What is the speed of Aalpha fibres?

A

80-120m/sec

39
Q

What is the speed of Abeta fibres?

A

35-75 m/sec

40
Q

What is the speed of Agamma fibres?

A

5 - 30

41
Q

What is the speed of C fibres?

A

0.5 - 2 m/sec

42
Q

What are the sensory receptors of Aalpha fibres?

A

Proprioceptors of skeletal muscles

43
Q

What are the sensory receptors of Abeta fibres?

A

Mechanoreceptors of skin

44
Q

What are the sensory receptors of Abeta fibres?

A

Pain, temperature

45
Q

What are the sensory receptors of C fibres?

A

Temperature, pain, itch

46
Q

What happens if there’s a larger axon diameter?

A

It will have lower resistance for the current to flow down the length of the axon

47
Q

What do unmyelinated sheaths have to account for ion leakage across the membrane?

A

Have voltage regulated channels relatively close to each other

48
Q

How are the conduct impulses in unmyelinated sheaths? (speed)

A

Relatively slowly

49
Q

What is the only [lace where ion leakage occurs in myelinated sheaths?

A

Nodes of Ranvier

50
Q

What do Nodes of Ranvier have? (present, function)

A

With voltage-gated Na+ channels)

51
Q

Where are action potentials generated at in myelinated sheaths?

A

At nodes of Ranvier

52
Q

What type of conduction is present in myelinated sheaths? (and explain)

A

Saltatory conduction - travel from node to node

53
Q

Defn Nodes of Ranvier

A

Myelin-free gaps between segments containing voltage-gated Na+ channels

54
Q

What does myelin provide (increase velocity)

A

Provides 50-fold increase in conduction velocity

55
Q

What does the stimulus induce in either the receptor cell or in the free nerve ending?

A

Graded potential

56
Q

What is graded potential proportional to?

A

Proportional to stimulus strength

57
Q

Where do receptor potentials occur?

A

In separate receptor cells

58
Q

Where do receptor potentials occur?

A

In separate receptor cells

59
Q

What are the steps in receptor potentials?

A
  • Stimulus opens ion channels in receptor causing graded membrane potential
  • Receptor cell releases chemical messenger
  • Chemical messenger opens ion channels in afferent neuron AP generating region
  • If threshold reached, AP is generated
60
Q

Where do generalised potentials occur?

A

In specialized nerve endings

61
Q

What are the steps in generator potentials?

A

Stimulus opens ion channels in receptor causing local current flow
• Local current flow opens ion channels in afferent neuron AP generating region
• If threshold reached, AP is generated

62
Q

What is the receptive field of a sensory neuron?

A

A region of space in which the presence of a stimulus will alter the firing of that neuron.

63
Q

Give examples of receptive fields

A
  • Hair in the cochlea
  • Piece of skin
  • Retina,
  • Tongue
64
Q

What is transduction?

A

The process of converting energy forms into electrical signals via a receptor / generator potential which triggers an action potential if it is large enough to reach threshold.

Physiology (28 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions