Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Physiology > Sensory perception > Flashcards

Sensory perception Flashcards

1
Q

What is the PNS broken down into?

A
  • Afferent division

- Efferent division

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the function of the afferent divison?

A

“carry to”, sending information from internal and external environment to CNS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the function of the efferent division?

A

“carry from’, sending information from the CNS to muscles and glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the afferent division of the PNS broken down into?

A
  • Visceral afferent

- Sensory afferent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the function of the visceral afferent?

A

Incoming information from internal viscera

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the sensory afferent (from the afferent division - PNS) broken down into?

A
  • Somatic

- Special senses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the function of the somatic of the sensory afferent?

A

Sensation from body surface and proprioception

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the function of the special senses of the sensory afferent?

A

Vision, hearing, smell, taste

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is a stimulus?

A

A change detectable by the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the stimulus perceived by?

A

Receptors - structures at peripheral endings of afferent neurons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the function of receptors?

A

They convert stimuli into electrical signals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the sequence from stimulus?

A

Stimulus - Receptor - Receptor potential - Action potential

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is sensory transduction?

A

From stimulus - Receptor - Receptor potential

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is a sensory system comprised of?

A
  • The sensory receptors
  • Their axonal pathways
  • Target areas in the brain involved in perception
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Give another name for stimuli.

A

Modalities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Give examples of modalities

A

light, sound, pressure, taste, smell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are the sensory system modalities?

A

SYSTEMS

  • Visual
  • Somatosensory
  • Auditory
  • Olfactory
  • Gustatory
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What are outside receptors called?

A

Exteroceptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are inside receptors called?

A

Interoceptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What are the vision receptors?

A

Photoreceptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What are the touch, balance, proprioception, hearing receptors?

A

Mechanoreceptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What are the temperature receptors?

A

Thermoreceptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What are the smell, taste receptors?

A

Chemoreceptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What are the pain receptors?

A

Nociceptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What is the stimulus of photoreceptors?
Light
26
What is the stimulus of mechanoreceptors?
Mechanical energy (stretching muscle, hair cell movement)
27
What are the stimuli of thermoreceptors?
Heat and cold
28
What is the stimulus of chemoreceptors?
Specific chemicals (O2, isoamyl acetate)
29
What are the stimuli of nociceptors?
Excessive pressure, excessive temperature, certain chemicals
30
Where do primary afferent axons enter the spinal cord?
Through the dorsal roots
31
Where are the somas of the primary afferent axons?
In the dorsal root ganglia
32
What do skin receptors lack?
Aalpha
33
What are the unmyelinated fibres?
C fibres
34
What are the axons from muscles involving Aalpha
Group I
35
What are the axons from muscles involving Abeta?
Group II
36
What are the axons from muscles involving Agamma?
Group III
37
What are the axons from muscles involving C fibres?
Group IV
38
What is the speed of Aalpha fibres?
80-120m/sec
39
What is the speed of Abeta fibres?
35-75 m/sec
40
What is the speed of Agamma fibres?
5 - 30
41
What is the speed of C fibres?
0.5 - 2 m/sec
42
What are the sensory receptors of Aalpha fibres?
Proprioceptors of skeletal muscles
43
What are the sensory receptors of Abeta fibres?
Mechanoreceptors of skin
44
What are the sensory receptors of Abeta fibres?
Pain, temperature
45
What are the sensory receptors of C fibres?
Temperature, pain, itch
46
What happens if there's a larger axon diameter?
It will have lower resistance for the current to flow down the length of the axon
47
What do unmyelinated sheaths have to account for ion leakage across the membrane?
Have voltage regulated channels relatively close to each other
48
How are the conduct impulses in unmyelinated sheaths? (speed)
Relatively slowly
49
What is the only [lace where ion leakage occurs in myelinated sheaths?
Nodes of Ranvier
50
What do Nodes of Ranvier have? (present, function)
With voltage-gated Na+ channels)
51
Where are action potentials generated at in myelinated sheaths?
At nodes of Ranvier
52
What type of conduction is present in myelinated sheaths? (and explain)
Saltatory conduction - travel from node to node
53
Defn Nodes of Ranvier
Myelin-free gaps between segments containing voltage-gated Na+ channels
54
What does myelin provide (increase velocity)
Provides 50-fold increase in conduction velocity
55
What does the stimulus induce in either the receptor cell or in the free nerve ending?
Graded potential
56
What is graded potential proportional to?
Proportional to stimulus strength
57
Where do receptor potentials occur?
In separate receptor cells
58
Where do receptor potentials occur?
In separate receptor cells
59
What are the steps in receptor potentials?
* Stimulus opens ion channels in receptor causing graded membrane potential * Receptor cell releases chemical messenger * Chemical messenger opens ion channels in afferent neuron AP generating region * If threshold reached, AP is generated
60
Where do generalised potentials occur?
In specialized nerve endings
61
What are the steps in generator potentials?
Stimulus opens ion channels in receptor causing local current flow • Local current flow opens ion channels in afferent neuron AP generating region • If threshold reached, AP is generated
62
What is the receptive field of a sensory neuron?
A region of space in which the presence of a stimulus will alter the firing of that neuron.
63
Give examples of receptive fields
- Hair in the cochlea - Piece of skin - Retina, - Tongue
64
What is transduction?
The process of converting energy forms into electrical signals via a receptor / generator potential which triggers an action potential if it is large enough to reach threshold.

Physiology (28 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions