SENSES (4)

Question 1

sensory receptors

Answer 1

dendrites specialized to detect certain types of stimuli

Question 2

extroceptors

Answer 2

detect stimuli from outside the body (taste, smell, vision, hearing, and equilibrium)

Question 3

interoceptors

Answer 3

detects stimuli from inside the body

• changes in the blood pressure
• changes in the blood volume
• monitor pH of the blood

Question 4

chemoreceptors

Answer 4

respond to chemical substances (taste, smell, and monitor blood pH)

Question 5

pain receptors (nocicepters)

Answer 5

naked dendrites that respond to chemicals released by damaged tissues (pain from the skin and the internal organs)

Question 6

photoreceptors

Answer 6

respond to light energy (cones and rods)

Question 7

ADH

Answer 7

keep H2O

Question 8

mechanoreceptors

Answer 8

stimulated by mechanical forces (touch, pressure, hearing, balance, degree of lung inflation, and changes in blood pressure

Question 9

baroreceptor

Answer 9

changes in blood pressure

Question 10

thermoreceptor

Answer 10

stimulated by changes in temp (warm and cold)

Question 11

how sensation occurs

Answer 11

• when nerve impulses arrive at the cerebral cortex of the brain
• perception, which also occurs in the cerebral cortex, is an interpretation of this

Question 12

proprioceptors

Answer 12

mechanoreceptors involved in reflex actions that maintain muscle tone (balance and posture)

Question 13

pain from the heart

Answer 13

pain felt in the left shoulder and arm

Question 14

olfactory

Answer 14

smell receptors

Question 15

3 layers of the eye

Answer 15

1. sclera (white of the eye) maintains the shape of the eye
2. choroid (middle layer of cells) nourishes the tissues of the eye and absorbs scattered light rays
3. retina (contains visual receptors) where image is produced- upside down

Question 16

rods

Answer 16

• sensitive to light
• contain a visual pigment called rhodopsin
• important for peripheral and night vision
• vitamin A is important for proper functioning

Question 17

cones

Answer 17

• require bright light to respond to wavelengths of light (color)
• they are located mostly in the fovea
• allow us to detect fine detail and color

Question 18

color blindness

Answer 18

5% to 8% of the male population is unable to distinguish the colors red and green

Question 19

glaucoma

Answer 19

fluid pressure builds up in the eye

Question 20

astigmatism

Answer 20

condition in which the cornea or lens is uneven, leading to a fuzzy image

Question 21

nearsightedness

Answer 21

eyeball is too long, making it hard to see far away objects

Question 22

farsightedness

Answer 22

eyeball is too short, making it hard to see near objects

Question 23

pinna (ear flap)

Answer 23

catches sound waves

Question 24

auditory canal (connects pinna to the eardrum)

Answer 24

directs sound waves to the tympanic membrane

Question 25

cochlea (inner ear)

Answer 25

• converts vibrations into nerve impulses

- contains the spinal organ which is the sense organ containing hairs for hearing

Question 26

semicircular canals (inner ear)

Answer 26

-detects angular movement (rotational equilibrium)

Question 27

nocieptor

Answer 27

Sensory receptor that is sensitive to chemicals released by damaged tissues or excess stimuli of heat or pressure; pain receptors.

Question 28

gustation (chemo)

Answer 28

taste receptor

Question 29

equilibrium

Answer 29

-mechanos (ears, eyes, proprio, hearing)