DNA BIOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGY (5) Flashcards
1
Q
DNA
A
- double stranded helix
- composed of a series of nucleotides
- backbone(sugars and phosphates on the outside of the molecule)
- paired bases( making up the inner part of the molecule)
- complementary base pairing (A-T OR T-A)( C-G OR G-C)
- found in nucleus
2
Q
functions of DNA
A
- replicates so that it can be transmitted to the next generation
- stores into
- undergoes mutations that provide genetic variability
3
Q
RNA
A
- single strand structure of DNA
- composed of nucleotides
- sugar phosphate backbone
- four nitrogenous bases- uracil is substituted by thymine (A-U OR U-A) (G-C OR C-G)
- polynucleotide that functions during protein synthesis
- DNA helper
- found in nucleus and cytoplasm
4
Q
function of RNA
A
- ribosomal RNA
- messenger RNA
- transfer RNA
5
Q
proteins
A
composed of subunits (amino acids)
6
Q
20
A
how many different amino acids
7
Q
function
A
shape of protein determines its
8
Q
hemoglobin
A
blood protein
9
Q
plasma proteins
A
albumins and globulins are
10
Q
actin and myosin
A
are proteins of muscles responsible for contraction
11
Q
transcription
A
a segment of DNA strand that serves as a template for the formation of mRNA
12
Q
translation
A
tRNA molecules bring amino acids to the ribosomes where polypeptide synthesis occurs
