Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

BiSci > BISCI FINAL EXAM > Flashcards

BISCI FINAL EXAM Flashcards

1
Q

isotonic solutions

A

the water is equal inside and outside the cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

metabolism

A

includes the sum of the chemical reactions that occur within a cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

homeostasis

A

the ability of living things to maintain an internal environment that operates under specific conditions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

isotopes

A

differ due to the number of neutrons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

acidic solution

A

the number of H+ is greater than the number of OH-

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

formed elements and plasma

A

blood is composed of what

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

hemoglobin

A

RBC contain this that carries oxygen to the bloodstream

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

atomic number

A

proteins are the same # as

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

a buffer

A

maintains the pH within a normal range which is required for homeostasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

positive feedback system

A

results in increasing change in the same direction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

platelets

A

clotting of the blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

WBC

A

blood dealing with immune system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

neutral

A

p+ = e-

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

pH scale

A

ranges 0-14

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

7

A

neutral number on pH scale

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

0-7

A

acid on pH scale

  • pH down
  • H+ up
  • OH- down
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

7-14

A

basic on pH scale

  • pH up
  • H+ down
  • OH- up
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

negative feedback

A

system that results in change in opposite direction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

O-

A

dude has type O- blood and needs transfusion, what type of blood can he receive?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q
  1. right atrium
  2. right ventricle
  3. pulm arteries
  4. lungs
  5. pulm veins
  6. left atrium
  7. left ventricle
  8. aorta
A

passage thru heart (8)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q
  1. glomerulus
  2. proximal convoluted tubule
  3. descending limb of loop
  4. ascending limb of loop
  5. distal convoluted tubule
  6. collecting duct
A

nephron in order of how filtration would occur (6)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

he will have both B antigens and Rh antigens on his RBC, and antibodies against A

A

dude has type B blood, what will his blood contain?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

passive immunity

A
  • an injection of serum that contains antibodies (taking antibiotics)
  • immunoglobulin injections
  • breast feeding
  • cytonkines
  • monoclonal antibodies
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

active immunity

A

involves making your own antibodies against an antigen, whether it is introduced via infection(exposure) or a vaccination

  • recovery from disease
  • vaccines
  • dependent on the presence of memory B and T cells
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

surfactant

A

what is missing in infant respiratory distress syndrome?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q
  1. mouth
  2. pharynx
  3. esophagus
  4. stomach
  5. small intestine
  6. large intestine
  7. rectum
  8. anus
A

digestive system (8)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

BMI

A

gives you an idea of how much of your weight is due to adipose tissue (body fat). this can vary depending on your fitness, bone structure, or gender

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

increasing CO2

A

when breathing into a paper bag after hyperventilating, are you increasing or decreasing CO2?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

hypovent

A

breathing too slow (CO2 up)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

hypervent

A

breathing too fast (CO2 down)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

urinary system

A

filters out bloodstream

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

kidney

A

wants to keep glucose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

arteries

A

taking away blood from heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

veins

A

putting blood into heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

atrium

A

two top layers of heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

ventricles

A

two bottom layers of heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

right

A

blood enters heart on left or right?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

pancreas

A

both insulin and glucagon are secreted by ———- directly into the bloodstream

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q
  1. hematoma
  2. fibrocartilage callus
  3. bony callas
  4. remodeling
A

4 steps of bone repair

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

the blood glucose levels are very high in both

A

what does type 1 and 2 diabetes have in common

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

exocrine gland

A

pancreas delivers its product thru a duct

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

endocrine gland

A

pancreas delivers its product to the bloodstream

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

ATP

A

energy protein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

nearsighted

A

can see close objects better

45
Q

farsighted

A

can see objects better at a distance

46
Q

insulin

A

is secreted when the blood glucose level is high

47
Q

tendons

A

connects muscle to bone

48
Q

ligaments

A

connects bone to bone

49
Q

interneurons

A

CNS reflex artery

50
Q

sensory neurons

A

bring info into the CNS

51
Q

motor neurons

A

decides to react from the CNS

52
Q

cones

A

detects color in retina layer

53
Q

rods

A

detects shapes and outlines in the retina layer

54
Q

karyotype

A

a display of chromosomes

55
Q

nervous system

A

first system to become visibly differentiated

56
Q

fertilization

A

the union of the sperm and egg

57
Q

pap test

A

early detection of cervical cancer by what test

58
Q

implantation

A

embryonic development begins at

59
Q

non-disfunction

A

the failure of chromosomes to separate during anti phase

60
Q

23 pairs

A

how many chromosomes does a human have

61
Q

bacterial and curable

A

chlamydia is what type of infection

62
Q

gene expression

A

describes how cells display their genetic characteristics

63
Q

fetal development

A

development that is after embryo implants and last from the 3rd thru the 9th month

64
Q

virus and not curable

A

genital herps is what type of infection

65
Q

phenotype

A

physical appearance

66
Q

zygote

A

results from the union of a sperm with 23 chrome and an egg with 23 chrome

67
Q

meiosis

A

cuts chromosomes in 1/2
-interphase
-cell division
=cell cycle

68
Q

mitosis

A

growth and repair

69
Q

DNA

A
  • double stranded

- deoxyribose

70
Q

RNA

A
  • single stranded

- ribose

71
Q

transcription

A

copy DNA

72
Q

translation

A

read copy of DNA

73
Q

innate

A

nonspecific pathogen

74
Q

active immunity

A

specific pathogen (T and B lymph)

75
Q

20 years

A

emerging disease

76
Q

T cells

A

HIV virus target what helper cells

77
Q

virus no cure

A

genital warts is what type of infection

78
Q

bacterial with a cure

A

gonneria is what type of infection

79
Q

carcinomas or melanoma

A

cancers of the epithelial tissue

80
Q
  1. change in bowl or bladder habits
  2. a sore that does not heal
  3. unusual bleeding or discharge
  4. thickening or lump in breast or elsewhere
  5. indigestion or difficulty swallowing
  6. obvious change in wart/mole
  7. nagging cough or hoarseness
A

7 warning signs of cancer

81
Q
  1. A-symmetry
  2. border
  3. color
  4. diameter
A

4 things to check in moles

82
Q

monthly

A

self exam yourself for cancer how often

83
Q

age 50

A

you should begin to get checked for colon cancer at what age

84
Q

gonorrhea

A

STD resistant to antibiotic therapy

85
Q

HPV

A

genital warts is caused by what

86
Q

epidemics

A

more cases of the disease than expected in a certain area for a certain period, more widespread

87
Q

outbreak

A

the epidemic is confined to a local area

88
Q

pandemic

A

a disease that occurs worldwide, a global epidemic

89
Q

virus

A
  • acellular (not composed of cells)
  • obligate parasites (must replicate inside a living cell)
  • made of capsid and inner core
90
Q

Phase of HIV infection

Category A

A
  • acute phase

- asymptomatic but highly infectious

91
Q

Phase of HIV infection

Category B

A
  • chronic phase

- has one or more of a variety of symptoms related to an impaired immune system

92
Q

Phase of HIV infection

Category C

A
  • AIDS

- has one or more of the opportunistic infections that eventually cause death

93
Q

HIV

A
  • made up of two single strands of RNA
  • enveloped with spikes
  • carries three enzymes (reverse transcriptase, intergrase, protease)
  • treated with drug therapy and vaccines
94
Q

Bacteria

A
  • 10x larger than viruses and are prokaryotypes

- cellular but lack membrane-bound nucleus

95
Q

opportunistic pathogen

A

when it penetrates the skin or invades other parts of the body, a staph infection may result

96
Q

tuberculosis

A
  • caused by rod-shaped bacterium
  • spread thru cough, sings, or sneezes
  • lasts 4-12 weeks
  • it takes at least 6 months to kill all the bacteria in the body
97
Q

malaria

A
  • transmitted by the Anopheles mosquito

- flu like symptoms

98
Q

immune system

A

consists of lymphatic organs, tissues, and cells as well as products of these cells

99
Q

red bone marrow

A
  • primary lymphatic organ

- site of stem cells that are capable of dividing and producing blood cells

100
Q

thymus gland

A
  • primary lymphatic organ

- where T lymphs mature

101
Q

spleen

A
  • secondary lymph organ

- lymphocytes react to pathogens and macropages engulf debris and remove any old, worn out RBC

102
Q

lymph nodes

A
  • secondary lymph organ

- T lymphocytes fight infection and attack cancer cells and macrophages engulf pathogens and debris

103
Q

tonsils

A
  • secondary lymph organ

- first to encounter pathogens and foreign antigens

104
Q

peyer`s patches

A
  • secondary lymph organ

- encounter pathogens that enter the body by way of the intestinal tract

105
Q

innate

A

non-specific defenses

106
Q
  1. skin
  2. mucus membrane
  3. sebum
  4. ciliated cells
  5. HCL
  6. normal flora
A

non-specific defenses barriers (6)

  1. effective if unbroken
  2. mucus traps germs and debris
  3. contains chemicals that weaken or kill certain bacteria on the skin
  4. sweep mucus and trapped particles up into the throat
  5. inhibits growth and kills many types of bacteria
  6. keeps pathogens from taking up residence
107
Q

inflammatory reaction “call to arms”

A

sends phagocytic WBC to the site of bacterial invasion and stimulates the immune system to react against a possible infection

  • neutrophils
  • macrophages
108
Q

compliment proteins

A

plasma proteins that poke holes in bacterial walls allowing fluids and salts to enter until the cell eventually bursts

109
Q

T-cells

A

provide cell mediated immunity (CMI) and are unable to recognize foreign antigens without help

BiSci (19 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions