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BiSci > BiSci #2 (Exam 2) > Flashcards

BiSci #2 (Exam 2) Flashcards

1
Q

2 components of the cardio system

A
  1. heart

2. blood vessels

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2
Q

pulm circuit

A

flow of blood thru the lungs

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3
Q

systemic circuit

A

flow of blood thru the rest of the body

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4
Q

arteries

A

always carry blood away from the heart and usually carry O2 rich blood

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5
Q

aorta

A

largest artery

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6
Q

arterioles

A

smallest arteries

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7
Q

veins

A

always returns blood to the heart and usually carry O2 poor blood

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8
Q

vena cava

A

largest veins in the body

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9
Q

venules

A

smallest veins

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10
Q

capillaries

A

smallest blood vessels connecting arterioles to venules

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11
Q

arteriole end

A

exit of O2, water, and nutrients

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12
Q

venus end

A

entrance of CO2, water, and wastes

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13
Q

heart

A

composed of 4 chambers and lies almost in the center of the thoracic cavity

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14
Q

septum

A

separates right and left sides of the heart

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15
Q

systole

A

when ventricles contract and pump blood out of the heart

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16
Q

diastole

A

when ventricles relax and receive blood from atria

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17
Q

120/80

A

normal blood pressure

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18
Q

cardiac cycle

A

one complete heart beat were both atria contract simultaneously followed by ventricles contracting simultaneously

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19
Q

SA node (pacemaker)

A

initiates the heartbeat and causes the atria to contract

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20
Q

AV node

A

causes the ventricles to contract

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21
Q

extrinsic control of heartbeat

A

the autonomic nervous system and hormones can modify the rate of the heartbeat

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22
Q

electrocardiogram (ECG)

A

a recording of the electrical changes that occur in the myocardium during a cardiac cycle

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23
Q

ventricular fibrillation

A

chaotic quivering of the irritated ventricles that drastically reduces cardiac output

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24
Q

pulse

A

alternating expansion and recoil of an arterial wall

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25
Q

blood flow

A

pumping action of the heart moves blood thru the arteries

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26
Q

blood flow in veins

A
  1. skeletal muscle contraction
  2. one way valves
  3. respiratory movements
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27
Q

slow

A

blood flow in capillaries is

28
Q

pulm circuit

A

powered by the right ventricle

29
Q

pulm arteries

A

carry O2 poor blood in the lungs

30
Q

pulm veins

A

carry O2 rich blood from the lungs to the left atrium

31
Q

systematic circuit

A

powered by the left ventricle

32
Q

aorta

A

carry O2 rich blood to all body tissues

33
Q

vena cavas

A

return O2 poor blood to the right atrium

34
Q

coronary circuit

A

supplies blood to the heart muscle itself

  • first branches off the aorta
  • arteries can become clogged and by pass surgery may be necessary
35
Q

renal circuit

A

supplies blood to the kidneys

36
Q

hepatic portal circuit

A

supplies blood to the digestive organs especially the liver

37
Q

hypertension

A

high blood pressure

38
Q

atherosclerosis

A

plaque build up in arteries (reduces blood flow)

39
Q

thromboembolism

A

a clot that has been carried in the bloodstream but is not stationary

40
Q

stroke (CVA)

A

cranial arteriole bursts or is blocked, a portion of the brain dies, and may result in paralysis or death

41
Q

heart attack (MI)

A

occurs when a part of the heart muscle dies due to lack of O2

42
Q

aneurysm

A

weak spot in a blood vessel where it balloons out and may rupture

43
Q

angina pectoris

A

chest pain or radiating pain in the left arm

44
Q

varicose veins

A

develop when the valves of the veins become weak and ineffective

45
Q

phlebitis

A

inflammation of a vein and blood clots may form

46
Q

t-PA (tissue plasminogen activator)

A

used to dissolve blood clots

47
Q

heart failure

A

the heart no longer pumps as it should due to heart attack damage and oversized heart

48
Q

lymphatic system

A

a one way system taking excess tissue fluid to the subclavian veins

49
Q

lymphatic system functions

A
  1. takes up excess fluid and returns it to the bloodstream
  2. lacteals absorbs fat molecules and transports them to the bloodstream
  3. helps defend the body against disease
50
Q

lymph nodes

A

cleanse lymph of debris and pathogens and store lymphocytes to fight infection

51
Q

spleen

A

cleanse the blood in much the same way as lymph nodes cleanse lymph

52
Q

red bone marrow

A

produces both B and T cells

53
Q

thymus gland

A

where T cells mature

54
Q

tonsils

A

function to recognize infectious agents entering the body

55
Q

smooth muscles

A

walls of capillary are

56
Q

veins

A

majority of the blood is in

57
Q

arteries

A

away

58
Q

veins

A

toward

59
Q

bottom of the heart

A

right venatical (deox blood)

60
Q

right after RV

A

comp pulm triank

61
Q

to aorta

A

left venatical (oxy blood)

62
Q

blood

A

into 1st chamber RA

63
Q

false

A

all blood carry oxy poor blood

-true? false?

64
Q

yes

A

pulm arteries has deoxy blood?

65
Q

no

A

pulm vein has deoxy blood?

66
Q

yes

A

venicara has deoxy blood?

67
Q

no

A

aorta has deoxy blood?

BiSci (19 decks)

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