BiSci #2 (Exam 2)

Question 1

2 components of the cardio system

Answer 1

1. heart

2. blood vessels

Question 2

pulm circuit

Answer 2

flow of blood thru the lungs

Question 3

systemic circuit

Answer 3

flow of blood thru the rest of the body

Question 4

arteries

Answer 4

always carry blood away from the heart and usually carry O2 rich blood

Question 5

aorta

Answer 5

largest artery

Question 6

arterioles

Answer 6

smallest arteries

Question 7

veins

Answer 7

always returns blood to the heart and usually carry O2 poor blood

Question 8

vena cava

Answer 8

largest veins in the body

Question 9

venules

Answer 9

smallest veins

Question 10

capillaries

Answer 10

smallest blood vessels connecting arterioles to venules

Question 11

arteriole end

Answer 11

exit of O2, water, and nutrients

Question 12

venus end

Answer 12

entrance of CO2, water, and wastes

Question 13

heart

Answer 13

composed of 4 chambers and lies almost in the center of the thoracic cavity

Question 14

septum

Answer 14

separates right and left sides of the heart

Question 15

systole

Answer 15

when ventricles contract and pump blood out of the heart

Question 16

diastole

Answer 16

when ventricles relax and receive blood from atria

Question 17

120/80

Answer 17

normal blood pressure

Question 18

cardiac cycle

Answer 18

one complete heart beat were both atria contract simultaneously followed by ventricles contracting simultaneously

Question 19

SA node (pacemaker)

Answer 19

initiates the heartbeat and causes the atria to contract

Question 20

AV node

Answer 20

causes the ventricles to contract

Question 21

extrinsic control of heartbeat

Answer 21

the autonomic nervous system and hormones can modify the rate of the heartbeat

Question 22

electrocardiogram (ECG)

Answer 22

a recording of the electrical changes that occur in the myocardium during a cardiac cycle

Question 23

ventricular fibrillation

Answer 23

chaotic quivering of the irritated ventricles that drastically reduces cardiac output

Question 24

pulse

Answer 24

alternating expansion and recoil of an arterial wall

Question 25

blood flow

Answer 25

pumping action of the heart moves blood thru the arteries

Question 26

blood flow in veins

Answer 26

1. skeletal muscle contraction
2. one way valves
3. respiratory movements

Question 27

slow

Answer 27

blood flow in capillaries is

Question 28

pulm circuit

Answer 28

powered by the right ventricle

Question 29

pulm arteries

Answer 29

carry O2 poor blood in the lungs

Question 30

pulm veins

Answer 30

carry O2 rich blood from the lungs to the left atrium

Question 31

systematic circuit

Answer 31

powered by the left ventricle

Question 32

aorta

Answer 32

carry O2 rich blood to all body tissues

Question 33

vena cavas

Answer 33

return O2 poor blood to the right atrium

Question 34

coronary circuit

Answer 34

supplies blood to the heart muscle itself

• first branches off the aorta
• arteries can become clogged and by pass surgery may be necessary

Question 35

renal circuit

Answer 35

supplies blood to the kidneys

Question 36

hepatic portal circuit

Answer 36

supplies blood to the digestive organs especially the liver

Question 37

hypertension

Answer 37

high blood pressure

Question 38

atherosclerosis

Answer 38

plaque build up in arteries (reduces blood flow)

Question 39

thromboembolism

Answer 39

a clot that has been carried in the bloodstream but is not stationary

Question 40

stroke (CVA)

Answer 40

cranial arteriole bursts or is blocked, a portion of the brain dies, and may result in paralysis or death

Question 41

heart attack (MI)

Answer 41

occurs when a part of the heart muscle dies due to lack of O2

Question 42

aneurysm

Answer 42

weak spot in a blood vessel where it balloons out and may rupture

Question 43

angina pectoris

Answer 43

chest pain or radiating pain in the left arm

Question 44

varicose veins

Answer 44

develop when the valves of the veins become weak and ineffective

Question 45

phlebitis

Answer 45

inflammation of a vein and blood clots may form

Question 46

t-PA (tissue plasminogen activator)

Answer 46

used to dissolve blood clots

Question 47

heart failure

Answer 47

the heart no longer pumps as it should due to heart attack damage and oversized heart

Question 48

lymphatic system

Answer 48

a one way system taking excess tissue fluid to the subclavian veins

Question 49

lymphatic system functions

Answer 49

1. takes up excess fluid and returns it to the bloodstream
2. lacteals absorbs fat molecules and transports them to the bloodstream
3. helps defend the body against disease

Question 50

lymph nodes

Answer 50

cleanse lymph of debris and pathogens and store lymphocytes to fight infection

Question 51

spleen

Answer 51

cleanse the blood in much the same way as lymph nodes cleanse lymph

Question 52

red bone marrow

Answer 52

produces both B and T cells

Question 53

thymus gland

Answer 53

where T cells mature

Question 54

tonsils

Answer 54

function to recognize infectious agents entering the body

Question 55

smooth muscles

Answer 55

walls of capillary are

Question 56

veins

Answer 56

majority of the blood is in

Question 57

arteries

Answer 57

away

Question 58

veins

Answer 58

toward

Question 59

bottom of the heart

Answer 59

right venatical (deox blood)

Question 60

right after RV

Answer 60

comp pulm triank

Question 61

to aorta

Answer 61

left venatical (oxy blood)

Question 62

blood

Answer 62

into 1st chamber RA

Question 63

false

Answer 63

all blood carry oxy poor blood

-true? false?

Question 64

yes

Answer 64

pulm arteries has deoxy blood?

Question 65

no

Answer 65

pulm vein has deoxy blood?

Question 66

yes

Answer 66

venicara has deoxy blood?

Question 67

no

Answer 67

aorta has deoxy blood?