Seen component Q2 fill in the blanks

Question 1

The regulation of blood sugar is a complex physiological process involving multiple ____ and ____.

Answer 1

organs, hormones

Question 2

Blood glucose is maintained within a narrow optimal range of approximately ____ mg/dL.

Answer 2

70–110

Question 3

Blood sugar regulation is under ____ control.

Answer 3

homeostatic

Question 4

The two primary hormones involved in blood sugar regulation are ____ and ____.

Answer 4

insulin, glucagon

Question 5

The pancreas detects changes in blood glucose via its endocrine ____.

Answer 5

islets

Question 6

Insulin and glucagon affect the ____, ____, and ____ tissues.

Answer 6

liver, muscle, adipose

Question 7

Other hormonal influences and ____ loops help maintain glucose levels.

Answer 7

feedback

Question 8

The islets of Langerhans are located in the ____.

Answer 8

pancreas

Question 9

Beta cells in the pancreas secrete ____.

Answer 9

insulin

Question 10

Alpha cells in the pancreas secrete ____.

Answer 10

glucagon

Question 11

Delta cells in the pancreas secrete ____.

Answer 11

somatostatin

Question 12

PP cells produce ____ ____.

Answer 12

pancreatic polypeptide

Question 13

The pancreas is located in the abdominal cavity ____ to the stomach.

Answer 13

posterior

Question 14

The islets are concentrated in the ____ region of the pancreas.

Answer 14

tail

Question 15

Hormones from the islets drain into the ____ ____ vein.

Answer 15

hepatic portal

Question 16

Insulin is secreted in response to ____ blood glucose.

Answer 16

high

Question 17

Insulin promotes glucose uptake in ____ muscle and ____ tissue.

Answer 17

skeletal, adipose

Question 18

Insulin stimulates ____ in the liver and muscle.

Answer 18

glycogenesis

Question 19

Insulin inhibits both ____ and ____ in the liver.

Answer 19

gluconeogenesis, glycogenolysis

Question 20

In adipose tissue, insulin promotes ____ and inhibits ____.

Answer 20

lipogenesis, lipolysis

Question 21

Insulin enhances ____ synthesis and cell growth.

Answer 21

protein

Question 22

Glucagon is secreted in response to ____ blood glucose.

Answer 22

low

Question 23

Glucagon stimulates ____ and ____ in the liver.

Answer 23

glycogenolysis, gluconeogenesis

Question 24

Glucagon promotes ____ in adipose tissue.

Answer 24

lipolysis

Question 25

Glucagon acts ____ to insulin.

Answer 25

antagonistically

Question 26

After a meal, blood glucose levels ____.

Answer 26

rise

Question 27

High glucose stimulates insulin secretion from ____-cells.

Answer 27

beta

Question 28

Insulin promotes glucose ____ and ____ after meals.

Answer 28

uptake, storage

Question 29

Negative feedback reduces insulin secretion as glucose levels ____.

Answer 29

normalize

Question 30

During fasting, blood glucose levels ____.

Answer 30

fall

Question 31

Low glucose stimulates glucagon secretion from ____-cells.

Answer 31

alpha

Question 32

Glucagon causes the liver to release glucose via ____ and ____.

Answer 32

glycogenolysis, gluconeogenesis

Question 33

Exercise and stress cause release of ____ and ____.

Answer 33

catecholamines, cortisol

Question 34

Catecholamines and cortisol increase blood glucose by stimulating hepatic ____ output.

Answer 34

glucose

Question 35

These hormones also inhibit ____ action.

Answer 35

insulin

Question 36

The liver stores ____ and produces glucose.

Answer 36

glycogen

Question 37

Skeletal muscle stores glycogen but lacks ____-__-____.

Answer 37

glucose-6-phosphatase

Question 38

Adipose tissue releases ____ and ____ during lipolysis.

Answer 38

glycerol, fatty acids

Question 39

Cortisol enhances ____ and reduces glucose uptake.

Answer 39

gluconeogenesis

Question 40

Growth hormone decreases glucose ____ and increases ____.

Answer 40

uptake, lipolysis

Question 41

Blood sugar regulation operates via ____ feedback.

Answer 41

negative

Question 42

High blood glucose triggers insulin release, which ____ blood glucose.

Answer 42

lowers

Question 43

Lower blood glucose reduces ____ secretion.

Answer 43

insulin

Question 44

Low blood glucose triggers ____ release.

Answer 44

glucagon

Question 45

Increased blood glucose reduces ____ secretion.

Answer 45

glucagon

Question 46

This feedback mechanism maintains ____ and prevents hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia.

Answer 46

homeostasis