Musculoskeletal 3 Flashcards
What is compact bone?
Dense bone tissue that forms the outer layer of bones.
What is spongy bone?
Lighter, porous bone tissue found at the ends of long bones.
Where is red bone marrow found?
In spongy bone, primarily in flat bones and ends of long bones.
What is the diaphysis of a bone?
The shaft or central part of a long bone.
What is the epiphysis of a bone?
The end part of a long bone.
What covers the surface of bones at joints?
Articular cartilage.
What is the periosteum?
A membrane covering the outer surface of bones.
Define ossification.
The process of bone formation.
What are flat bones?
Bones that provide protection, like the skull and ribs.
What is the role of osteons in compact bone?
They are structural units that provide strength.
What is a synovial joint?
A freely movable joint with a fluid-filled cavity.
Name an example of a hinge joint.
The elbow.
What is a ball-and-socket joint?
A joint allowing multi-directional movement, like the hip.
Define a pivot joint.
A joint allowing rotational movement, like between C1 and C2 vertebrae.
What is a saddle joint?
A joint that allows movement back and forth and side to side, like the thumb.
What type of joint is the skull made of?
Fibrous joints (sutures).
Define cartilaginous joints.
Joints connected entirely by cartilage.
What is synarthrosis?
An immovable joint.
What is amphiarthrosis?
A slightly movable joint.
What is diarthrosis?
A freely movable joint.
What is isotonic contraction?
Muscle contraction with movement.
Define isometric contraction.
Muscle contraction without movement.
What is a prime mover in muscle action?
The main muscle responsible for movement.
What is an antagonist muscle?
A muscle that opposes the action of the prime mover.
