Musculoskeletal

Question 1

What is one of the main functions of bones?

Answer 1

To provide a framework for the body.

Question 2

How do bones allow movement?

Answer 2

By forming joints.

Question 3

What type of cells are responsible for forming bones?

Answer 3

Osteoblasts.

Question 4

What cells are mature bone cells?

Answer 4

Osteocytes.

Question 5

Which bone cells are responsible for breaking down bone tissue?

Answer 5

Osteoclasts.

Question 6

What is the role of osteogenic cells?

Answer 6

They are stem cells that differentiate into osteoblasts.

Question 7

How do bones protect the body?

Answer 7

By shielding vital organs.

Question 8

Where are red blood cells produced in the bones?

Answer 8

In the bone marrow (haemopoiesis).

Question 9

What minerals do bones store?

Answer 9

Calcium and phosphorus.

Question 10

How do bones contribute to hearing?

Answer 10

By transmitting sound vibrations in the ear.

Question 11

What connects bone to bone?

Answer 11

Ligaments.

Question 12

What connects muscle to bone?

Answer 12

Tendons.

Question 13

What is the function of cartilage?

Answer 13

To cover bone ends and provide a smooth surface.

Question 14

What is a bursa?

Answer 14

A fluid-filled sac that reduces friction between structures.

Question 15

What are articular discs?

Answer 15

Structures that cushion and stabilize joints.

Question 16

What type of cartilage covers bone ends at joints?

Answer 16

Hyaline cartilage.

Question 17

What is the function of intervertebral discs?

Answer 17

To absorb shock and provide flexibility to the spine.

Question 18

What type of tissue are ligaments composed of?

Answer 18

Dense connective tissue.

Question 19

Do ligaments have a blood supply?

Answer 19

Limited blood supply.

Question 20

What is the function of synovial fluid?

Answer 20

To lubricate and nourish joint structures.

Question 21

What is the primary function of muscles?

Answer 21

Movement.

Question 22

How do muscles contribute to posture?

Answer 22

By providing stability.

Question 23

What is another function of muscles besides movement?

Answer 23

Heat production.

Question 24

How do muscles assist in substance movement?

Answer 24

By contracting to move blood, food, and waste.

Question 25

What type of muscle is voluntary?

Answer 25

Skeletal muscle.

Question 26

Which muscle type is found in the heart?

Answer 26

Cardiac muscle.

Question 27

What is the function of smooth muscle?

Answer 27

To control involuntary movements in organs.

Question 28

What substance do muscles store for energy?

Answer 28

Glycogen.

Question 29

How do tendons differ from ligaments?

Answer 29

Tendons connect muscle to bone; ligaments connect bone to bone.

Question 30

What type of contraction involves muscle lengthening?

Answer 30

Eccentric contraction.

Question 31

What is flexion?

Answer 31

Decreasing the angle between two body parts.

Question 32

What is extension?

Answer 32

Increasing the angle between two body parts.

Question 33

Define abduction.

Answer 33

Movement away from the midline of the body.

Question 34

Define adduction.

Answer 34

Movement toward the midline of the body.

Question 35

What is rotation?

Answer 35

Movement around an axis.

Question 36

Define circumduction.

Answer 36

Circular movement of a limb.

Question 37

What is pronation?

Answer 37

Rotating the forearm so the palm faces down.

Question 38

What is supination?

Answer 38

Rotating the forearm so the palm faces up.

Question 39

Define dorsiflexion.

Answer 39

Bending the foot upward.

Question 40

Define plantarflexion.

Answer 40

Bending the foot downward.

Question 41

What is inversion?

Answer 41

Turning the sole of the foot inward.

Question 42

What is eversion?

Answer 42

Turning the sole of the foot outward.

Question 43

Define protraction.

Answer 43

Moving a body part forward.

Question 44

Define retraction.

Answer 44

Moving a body part backward.

Question 45

What is lateral flexion?

Answer 45

Bending the spine sideways.

Question 46

Define opposition.

Answer 46

Moving the thumb to touch other fingers.

Question 47

What is deviation?

Answer 47

Movement away from a standard position.

Question 48

Define elevation.

Answer 48

Lifting a body part.

Question 49

Define depression.

Answer 49

Lowering a body part.

Question 50

What is medial rotation?

Answer 50

Rotating toward the midline.

Question 51

What does the median nerve supply?

Answer 51

Muscles in the front of the forearm and parts of the hand.

Question 52

Where does the ulnar nerve run?

Answer 52

Along the medial side of the arm.

Question 53

What does the radial nerve supply?

Answer 53

Extensor muscles of the forearm and wrist.

Question 54

What muscle does the axillary nerve supply?

Answer 54

Deltoid muscle.

Question 55

Where does the sciatic nerve pass?

Answer 55

Through the posterior thigh.

Question 56

What is the function of the tibial nerve?

Answer 56

Supplies muscles of the posterior leg.

Question 57

Where does the femoral nerve supply?

Answer 57

Anterior thigh muscles.

Question 58

What does the obturator nerve supply?

Answer 58

Adductor muscles of the thigh.

Question 59

Define sural nerve.

Answer 59

Supplies the heel and lateral ankle.

Question 60

Where is the saphenous nerve found?

Answer 60

Medial aspect of the leg.