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Second year exams topics Flashcards

1
Q

build up of what in porphyria cutanae tarda

A

urophorphinogen

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2
Q

what would be the cause of a child crying when in direct sunlight

A

erythropoietic protopophyria

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3
Q

first line treatment for acne rosacea

A

topical metreo

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4
Q

first line treatment for acne vulgaris

A

benzyl benzoate or topical clinda

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5
Q

what is epidermolysis bullosa

A

breakdown of anchoring between epidermis and dermis

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6
Q

which insulin do u give once a day

A

basal - e.g. lantus

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7
Q

which diabetic drug is weight neutral

A

DPP4 inhibit - sitagliptin

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8
Q

strawberry milkshake coloured blood

A

hyperlipidaemia

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9
Q

pagets biochem

A

normal calcium normal phos

high alk phos

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10
Q

what hormone do u test for preg

A

hcg

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11
Q

what hormone peaks before ovulation

A

LH 12 hours before

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12
Q

what hormone do u test for fertility

A

progesterone

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13
Q

what is pagets
symp
treatment
cx

A

osteoclastic reabsorption followed by increased osteoblastic activity

bone pain - femur, spine, pelvis

bisphosphonates - risedronate

deafness, cardiac failure, fractures, skull thickening

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14
Q 
osteomalacia is what
why
causes
symp
rx
A

rickets in children
low calcium low phos high alk phos
abnormal softening of bone due to deficient mineralisation of osteoid (immature) bone

vit D defic

bone pain, tenderness, fractures, waddling gait

vit D therapy with calcium and phosphate supplements

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15
Q

which drug causes reactivation of latent TB

A

etenercapts, inflixumab

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16
Q

which drug causes interstitial pneumonitis

A

methotrexate

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17
Q

which rheumatoid drug causes black tarry stools

A

NSAIDs

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18
Q

tingling in ring and pinky finger

A

cubital tunnel syndrome

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19
Q

which rheumatoid drug is nephrotoxic

A

gold, penicillamine

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20
Q

visual loss, mouth ulcers, genital ulcers

A

bechets syndrome

CSR and ESR raised

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21
Q

inflam condiiton assoc with IBD

A

enteropathic arthritis

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22
Q

placental artery

placental vein

A

deoxygynated

oxygenated

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23
Q

compression of facial nerve in facial canal

A

bells palsy

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24
Q

ramsay hunt syndrome
symp
rx

A

reactivation of varicella zoster in geniculate ganglion of CN7
auricular pain, facial palsy, vesicular rash around ear, vertigo and tinnitus

oral aciclovir and corticosteroids

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25
Q

central scrotoma

A

absence of central vision

dry ARMD, optic neuritis

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26
Q

third nerve palsy

A

down and out
fixed dilated pupil
proptosis ptosis

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27
Q

fourth nerve palsy

A

eyes look upwards
vertical diplopia
cannot look down and in
head tilted

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28
Q

sixth nerve palsy

A

horizontal diplopia
eyes medially deviated and cannot move laterally form midline
convergent squint - start in

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29
Q

treatment of bph

dx

A

first line alpha blocker - tamsulosin
second line 5 alpha reductase - finestride

TRUS with biopsy

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30
Q

first line ix in hydrocele

A

doppler USS with colour

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31
Q

what do you give for proteinuria and hypertension

A

ACIE

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32
Q

stage 3 CKD

A

30-60

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33
Q

IgA nephropathy

A

increased IgA lserum levels

assoc with HSP

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34
Q

pANCA

A

churg strauss

EGPA

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35
Q

cANCA PR3

A

EGP

wegners

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36
Q

which Ig is found in mucosa

A

IgA

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37
Q

what produces endotoxin

exotoxin

A

gram negative

gram pos

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38
Q

CF gene is what

mum dad are unaffected but daughter is affected what are the chances that the other unaffected daughter is a carrier

A

autosomal recessive

2/3

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39
Q

side effects ACEI

what is it contraindicated in

A

dry cough

renal artery stenosis

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40
Q

different organisms in gastroenteritis

A

e.coli

campylobacter

41
Q

side effect of spironolctone

A

gynacamastea

42
Q

what type of mouth disease do people with crohns have

A

stomatitis gangrenosum

43
Q

chlamydia pstacci

44
Q

coexiella burnetti

A

sheep/farm

45
Q

legionella

A

water
foreign holiday
urinary antigen

46
Q

abnormal field visions
sweaty and hot
large jaw
fleshy fingers

A

acromegaly

47
Q

SIADH

A

sodium dilution

48
Q

spermatogenesis where

which cells secrete what acted on by ?

A

seminiferous tubules

leydig cells secrete testosteonr (acted on by LH)

49
Q

what cells enhance spermatogenesis acted on by what

A

sertoli cells

FSH

50
Q

osteomalacia
oseoperosis
pagets

A

vit D, soft bones
decreased bone mass
abnormal bone formation and resorption

51
Q

most common bone tumour

A

osteosarcoma

52
Q

painful arch

53
Q

eversion of foot?

A

deltoid ligament

lateral compartment of the leg

54
Q

inversion of foot

A

anterior and posterior compartments of the leg

55
Q

nerve supply to trapezius

what movement

A

CNXI spinal accessory

shrugs shoulder

56
Q

what causes amyloidosis of the kidneys

A

rheumatoid arthritis

57
Q

treatment f tetanus

A

penicillin
metro
surgery

58
Q

femurs splint

A

thomas splint

59
Q

gallazzi

A

old ladies and humerus fracturesa

60
Q

why do greenstick fractures occur in children

A

bones are soft

61
Q

can membrane nephropathies cause malignancy

62
Q

official name of viagra

type of drug

A

sildenafil

phosphodiesterase inhibitor

63
Q

hydrocele

A

transluminates

64
Q

palpate above a testicular lump

A

not a hernia

65
Q

bulbourethral gland

A

lies posterior to membranous urethra

66
Q

splitting of which structure would prevent seminal fluid from entering the urethra

A

bladder sphincter

67
Q

what covers the testis

A

tunica vaginlais

68
Q

peritoneal dialysis causes what

A

weight gain

69
Q

davenport diagram where is resp acidosis

70
Q

right gonadal vein come off which structure

71
Q

left gonadal vein comes off which structure

A

left renal vein

72
Q

difference test done between scleritis and epi

A

epi - phenlyphrine test

redness will blanch

73
Q

grey baby syndrome

A

chloramphenicol

74
Q

seeing scratches on the eyes

A

fluorescin

75
Q

test for hypersensitive 1 and 4

A

1 IgE levels

4 patch tests

76
Q

measure dysplastic naevi by what

A

breslow thickness

77
Q

eczema

psoriasis

A

flexors

extensors

78
Q

phemphigious

phemphigoid

A

above DEJ membrane and acantholysis occurs

between dermis and epidermis

79
Q

colles fracture

A

fall onto outstretched hand

dinner fork

80
Q

scaphoid imagine

A

2 obliques
1 aP
1 lateral

81
Q

NAI

A

can’t age a bruise

82
Q

what can pagets predispose to

A

osteosarcoma

83
Q

risk factors for skin cancer

A

childhood sunburns, occupation related to high sun exposure, fair skin

84
Q

final acne treatment is what

A

carcinogenic

85
Q

mild acne is what

treatment

A

blackhead/white heads mostly

prescribe one of 
topical retinoid. benzyle benzoate 
if neither work then azelic acid
COC in women 
follow up in 6-8 weeks
86
Q

ramsay hunt

A

shingles in the ear

old people

87
Q

molloscum contagiosum

A

kids get them mostly

can be sexually transmitted

88
Q

tuning fork for diabetic foot

89
Q

treat endometrial polyps

A

myomectomy

90
Q

when should amox not be given

91
Q

guttate psoriasis

A

small discoids

mostly viral

92
Q

ring worm looks like what

93
Q

monomorphic punched out lesions in eczema

A

dermatitis herpeticum
caused by HSV
treat w aciclovir

94
Q

baby finds it difficult to breath especially when feeding

A

choanal atresia

95
Q

side effects of alpha blockers (tamsulisin)

A

postural hypotension and dizziness

96
Q

5 alpha blockers side effects

A

erectile dysfunction
decreased libido
gynacamastia

97
Q

pityriasis rosacea

A

herald patch

98
Q

treatment of impertigo

A

topical fusidic cream

oral flucox

2 (25 decks)

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