Renal pharmacology Flashcards
where do carbonic anhydrase inhibitors work and what pumps?
Proximal tubule Na, Na/H
Distal tubule Na/H
where do loop diuretics work and what do they block
thick ascending loop of henle
Na/K/Cl
where do thiazide diuretics work and what channel do they block?
Distal tubule
Na/Cl
where do potassium sparing diuretics work?
Collecting ducts
What do OATs allow into the proximal tubule
thiazide and loop diuretics
what do OCTs allow into the proximal tubule
triamterene and amioloride - type of potassium sparing diuretics
give 2 examples of loop diuretics
furosemide, bimetanide
what are loop diuretics used for
acute pulmonary oedema
CKF
CHF
nephrotic syndrome
what are the side effects of loop diuretics?
hypokalaemia met alk hypovalaemia hypotension decrease in calcium and magnesium increase in uric acid
when are thiazide diuretics used
mild HF
hypertension
side effects of thiazide diuretics
hypokalaema mat alk decrease in mg hypovalameia hypotension increase in uric acid male sexual dysfunction impaired glucose tolerance
what to amiloride and triamterene do
block apical membrane sodium channels leading to a decrease in sodium reabsorption
what do spironolactone and eplerenone do
compete with aldosterone
decrease number of sodium channels on apical membrane and decrease the number of sodium potassium channels on the basolateral membrane leading to a decrease in sodium reabsorption
give an example of an osmotic diuretic
and when are they used
mannitol IV
acute hypovalaemic renal failure
acutely raised intracranial and intraocular pressure
give an example of a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor and when are they used
acetazolamide
glaucoma, prophylaxis, infantile epilepsy
