Opthal 2

Question 1

central retinal vein occlusion
symp
rx

Answer 1

sudden vision loss. painless. dark retina

underlying cause - DM, htn, glaucoma
Anti - /vegf

Question 2

central retinal artery occlusion symp

rx

Answer 2

sudden painless vision loss. RAPD. pale retina. cherry red spot.

if dx <24h - ocular massage
establish source of embolism

Question 3

branch RA occlusion

Answer 3

only part of vision lost

Question 4

amaureux fugas is what
symp
rx

Answer 4

transient RAO
curtains - last 5 mins with total recovery
immediate referral to TIA clinic and aspirin

Question 5

ischaemic optic neuropathy is what
types
symp

Answer 5

occlusion of optic nerve head circulation
arrteric - GCA non arreteric - atherosclerosis
sudden profound vision loss with swollen disc

Question 6

optic neuritis symp

rx

Answer 6

central vision loss. pain behind eye

gradual recovery

Question 7

haemorrhage symp

rx

Answer 7

sudden loss of vision. floaters. loss of red reflex.

viterectomy if not responding

Question 8

retinal detachment

rx

Answer 8

painless loss of vision. flashers. floaters

surgery

Question 9

wet ARMD symp

treatment

Answer 9

reduction in vision - central loss. new vessels under retina
anti VEGF into vitrous cavity

Question 10

refractive error
myopia
hypermtropia
presbyopia

Answer 10

short sighted
long sighted
loss of vision due to age

Question 11

cataracts rx

Answer 11

surgical removal with intra ocular lens transplant

Question 12

Dry ARMD

Answer 12

central vison loss

drusen

Question 13

papillodema

Answer 13

swollen optic disc to do raised ICP

Question 14

ocular trauma

Answer 14

use fluorescent drops

Question 15

bacterial keratosis assoc w
symp
ix

Answer 15

contact lense
hypo-yon. decreased vision. short history
ix - scrapes

Question 16

viral keratosis adenovirus
sym[
rx

Answer 16

bilateral - may affect vision sub epithelial infiltrates

topical ABs to prevent secondary infection - chronic - steroids

Question 17

viral keratitis herpetic

Answer 17

dendritic ulcer. v painful. can be recurrent

if treatment with steroids - corneal melt and corneal perforation

Question 18

fungal keratitis who

symp

Answer 18

history of trauma from vegetation in farmers
hypo-yon
takes few days to develop

Question 19

orbital cellulitis symp
ix
rx

Answer 19

painful eye on movement. pyrexia often assoc w paranasal sinusitis
CT - cerebral abscess
broad spec ABs, abscess - drain

Question 20

bacterial conjunc

Answer 20

red. itchy. gritty. sticky discharge. vision unaffected
ix swab
topical chloramphenicol - not if hx of aplastic anaemia or allergy

Question 21

chlamydial conjuc

symp

Answer 21

history of bilateral bacterial not resolving young
follicles in upper lid -sore when blinking
contact tracing

Question 22

viral conjunc

Answer 22

red eyes
watery discharge
URTI

Question 23

ant blepharitis

Answer 23

lid margin redder than deep part of lid

Question 24

ant bleph sebbrhoeic squamous

SA

Answer 24

SS - scales, dandruff

SA - lash follicles affected

Question 25

post bleph

Answer 25

red in deeper part, lid margin fine | melabonium gland dysfunction - assoc w rosaea

Question 26

treatment of bleph

Answer 26

lid hygiene | oral doxy 2-3m

Question 27

endopthalmos cause symp rx

Answer 27

post surgical or endogenous v painful decreased vision red intra vitreal amikacin and vancomycin and topical ABs

Question 28

central infective corneal ulcer

Answer 28

viral fungal bacterial

Question 29

peripheral AI ulcer

Answer 29

needle like severe pain | phypopyon

Question 30

ix of ulcer | treatment

Answer 30

scrape bacterial - oflaxocin viral - acyclovir AI - oral/topical steroids

Question 31

epicleritis

Answer 31

gout | self limtin

Question 32

scleritis

Answer 32

RA | phenyphrine test

Question 33

ant uveist assoc with symp rx

Answer 33

ank spond pain. photophobia. red. may have decreased vision small/irregular pupil topical steroids. cyclopentole