Opthal 2 Flashcards
central retinal vein occlusion
symp
rx
sudden vision loss. painless. dark retina
underlying cause - DM, htn, glaucoma
Anti - /vegf
central retinal artery occlusion symp
rx
sudden painless vision loss. RAPD. pale retina. cherry red spot.
if dx <24h - ocular massage
establish source of embolism
branch RA occlusion
only part of vision lost
amaureux fugas is what
symp
rx
transient RAO
curtains - last 5 mins with total recovery
immediate referral to TIA clinic and aspirin
ischaemic optic neuropathy is what
types
symp
occlusion of optic nerve head circulation
arrteric - GCA non arreteric - atherosclerosis
sudden profound vision loss with swollen disc
optic neuritis symp
rx
central vision loss. pain behind eye
gradual recovery
haemorrhage symp
rx
sudden loss of vision. floaters. loss of red reflex.
viterectomy if not responding
retinal detachment
rx
painless loss of vision. flashers. floaters
surgery
wet ARMD symp
treatment
reduction in vision - central loss. new vessels under retina
anti VEGF into vitrous cavity
refractive error
myopia
hypermtropia
presbyopia
short sighted
long sighted
loss of vision due to age
cataracts rx
surgical removal with intra ocular lens transplant
Dry ARMD
central vison loss
drusen
papillodema
swollen optic disc to do raised ICP
ocular trauma
use fluorescent drops
bacterial keratosis assoc w
symp
ix
contact lense
hypo-yon. decreased vision. short history
ix - scrapes
viral keratosis adenovirus
sym[
rx
bilateral - may affect vision sub epithelial infiltrates
topical ABs to prevent secondary infection - chronic - steroids
viral keratitis herpetic
dendritic ulcer. v painful. can be recurrent
if treatment with steroids - corneal melt and corneal perforation
fungal keratitis who
symp
history of trauma from vegetation in farmers
hypo-yon
takes few days to develop
orbital cellulitis symp
ix
rx
painful eye on movement. pyrexia often assoc w paranasal sinusitis
CT - cerebral abscess
broad spec ABs, abscess - drain
bacterial conjunc
red. itchy. gritty. sticky discharge. vision unaffected
ix swab
topical chloramphenicol - not if hx of aplastic anaemia or allergy
chlamydial conjuc
symp
history of bilateral bacterial not resolving young
follicles in upper lid -sore when blinking
contact tracing
viral conjunc
red eyes
watery discharge
URTI
ant blepharitis
lid margin redder than deep part of lid
ant bleph sebbrhoeic squamous
SA
SS - scales, dandruff
SA - lash follicles affected
post bleph
red in deeper part, lid margin fine
melabonium gland dysfunction - assoc w rosaea
treatment of bleph
lid hygiene
oral doxy 2-3m
endopthalmos cause
symp
rx
post surgical or endogenous
v painful decreased vision red
intra vitreal amikacin and vancomycin and topical ABs
central infective corneal ulcer
viral fungal bacterial
peripheral AI ulcer
needle like severe pain
phypopyon
ix of ulcer
treatment
scrape
bacterial - oflaxocin
viral - acyclovir
AI - oral/topical steroids
epicleritis
gout
self limtin
scleritis
RA
phenyphrine test
ant uveist assoc with
symp
rx
ank spond
pain. photophobia. red. may have decreased vision
small/irregular pupil
topical steroids. cyclopentole
