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Screening 2nd exam Flashcards

1
Q

Basis cranii

A

alaosa

Borders between calvaria and basis cranii
 Margo supraorbitalis
 Processus zygomaticus ossis frontalis
 Crista infratemporalis
 Processus zygomaticus ossis temporalis
 Processus mastoideus
 Linea nuchae superior
 Protuberantia occipitalis externa
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2
Q

Calvaria

A 
Borders between calvaria and basis cranii
 Margo supraorbitalis
 Processus zygomaticus ossis frontalis
 Crista infratemporalis
 Processus zygomaticus ossis temporalis
 Processus mastoideus
 Linea nuchae superior
 Protuberantia occipitalis externa
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3
Q

Ossa viscerocranii

–> Viscerocranium s. splanchnocranium

A 
os zygomaticum maxilla
Os lacrimale
Os nasale
Concha nasalis inferior Os palatinum
Vomer
Mandibula
Os hyoideum
Ossicula auditus
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4
Q

Os lacrimale

A

silmäkuopan sisällä nenässä

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5
Q

maxilla

A

hampaat

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6
Q

Concha nasalis inferior

A

nenän sisällä

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7
Q

Os palatinum

A

kitalaen “takana”

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8
Q

Vomer

A

Jakaa choanan, ja nenän reiät

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9
Q

Mandibula

A

leuka

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10
Q

Os hyoideum

A

kaula “pikkuleuka”

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11
Q

Ossicula auditus

A

korvaluut

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12
Q

Os sphenoidale

Corpus

A

Keskikohta

Corpus
Facies superior:
 sella turcica
 sulcus prechiasmaticus
 dorsum sellae
 tuberculum sellae
 fossa hypophysialis

Facies lateralis:
 sulcus caroticus

Facies anterior
 apertura sinus sphenoidalis
 sinus sphenoidalis
 septum sinuum sphenoidalium

Facies inferior

Facies posterior
 synchondrosis sphenooccipitalis
 synostosis sphenooccipitalis
 os basilare

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13
Q

sella turcica

A

Corpus, facies superior os sphenoidale :

the whole satula

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14
Q

sulcus prechiasmaticus

A

Corpus, facies superior os sphenoidale :

between two holes (canalis opticus) above sella turcica

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15
Q

dorsum sellae

A

Corpus, facies superior os sphenoidale :

“selkänoja” johtaa occipitaliksen (clivus) kautta selkäytimeen.

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16
Q

apertura sinus sphenoidalis

A

Corpus, facies anterior os sphenoidale :

nenänreiät/kuopat sphenoidalen edessä

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17
Q

tuberculum sellae

A

Corpus, facies superior os sphenoidale :

between the incisura below processus clinoideus anterior is slight elevation, kind of below sulcus prechiasmaticus

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18
Q

fossa hypophysialis

A

Corpus, facies superior os sphenoidale :

kuoppa, in the sella turcica

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19
Q

os basilare

A

Muodostaa yhdessä os occipitalen. Corpus, facies posterior os sphenoidale

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20
Q

Ala major os sphenoidalis

A 
(Facies temporalis Facies infratemporalis
 crista infratemporalis Facies maxillaris
Facies orbitalis
Facies cerebralis
 foramen rotundum
 foramen ovale
 foramen spinosum
 impressiones digitatae
 juga cerebralia
 sulci arteriosi)

alasiivet levittyneenä, anterior and posterior

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21
Q

sinus sphenoidalis

A

Corpus, facies anterior os sphenoidale:

nenäontelo

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22
Q

Ala minor os sphenoidalis

A 
(Facies orbitalis
Facies cerebralis
 canalis opticus
 fissura orbitalis superior
 processus clinoideus anterior)

vaan yläsiivet kallon sisäpuolelta “posteriorly”

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23
Q

synostosis sphenooccipitalis

A

Corpus, facies posterior os sphenoidale:

(=ossification of
synchondrosis spenooccipitalis)

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24
Q

Processus pterygoideus

A

 lamina medialis
 lamina lateralis
 fossa pterygoidea
 canalis pterygoideus

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25
septum sinuum sphenoidalium
Corpus, facies anterior os sphenoidale: anteriorly between the aperturas "elevation"
26
Facies orbitalis os sphenoidalis
on ala major os sphenoidalis anteriorly triangular
27
synchondrosis sphenooccipitalis
Corpus, facies posterior os sphenoidale: between os occipital and os sphenoidale. > dorsum sellae and clivus
28
canalis opticus
at the both ends of sulcus prechiamaticus... on ala minor os sphenoidalis
29
Facies temporalis os sphenoidale
ala major outer side of the skull in front of temporals and behind os zygomaticus
30
clivus
below dorsum sellae on os occipitale pars basilar is
31
condylus occipitalis
os occipitale pars lateralis: painauma mihin atlantis liittyy; silee pinta kallon ulkopuolella
32
fissura orbitalis superior
ala minor os sphenoidalis below the upper wing of the ala minor.. Enters the eye
33
Facies infratemporalis
ala major os sphenoidale it has crista.. roof for infratemporalis fossa
34
foramen rotundum
below fissure orbitalis superior eli aukeaa silmäkuoppaan ja on just ton fissuran alla kallon sisällä
35
processus clinoideus anterior
Sarvi of the ala minor os sphenoidale wing
36
crista infratemporalis
on ala major os sphenoidalis
37
Facies orbitalis os sphenoidale
ala major
38
Facies orbitalis os sphenoidale
ala major frontale osan alla ja os zygomaticuksen osasta vähän sivummalle
39
foramen ovale
ovale muotoinen ala major os sphenoidalessa; jonka alla on superpieni foramen spinosum
40
Facies maxillaris os sphenoidale
ala major: just siin processus pterygoideuksen etupuolella
41
foramen spinosum
ala major os sphenoidale foramen ovale alla super pieni
42
lamina medialis
Processus pterygoideus
43
Facies cerebralis os sphenoidale
ala major ``` (foramen rotundum  foramen ovale  foramen spinosum  impressiones digitatae  juga cerebralia  sulci arteriosi) ```
44
sulci arteriosi os sphenoidale
verisuonipainaumat facies cerebraliksessa
45
impressiones digitatae os sphenoidale
sormipainaumat facies cerebraliksessa
46
lamina lateralis
Processus pterygoideus
47
Os occipitale
Pars basilaris Pars lateralis Squama occipitalis --> foramen magnum
48
tuberculum pharyngeum
on the opposite side of clivus on os occipitalis pars basilaris
49
juga cerebralia os sphenoidale
korkeumat facies cerebraliksessa cerebraliksessa
50
fossa pterygoidea
Processus pterygoideus
51
sulcus sinus petrosi inferioris
go down laterally from dorsum sellae towards fossa jugularis
52
canalis pterygoideus
Processus pterygoideus, anterior side!!! small dot kind of below apertura sinus sphenoidalis
53
canalis condylaris
kuoppa next to the foramen magnum in pars lateralis os occipitalis.
54
protuberantia occipitalis interna
between sulcus sinus transverse horizontally and vertically between sulcus sinus sagittarius superioris
55
Os frontale
Squama frontalis Pars nasalis Pars orbitalis
56
canalis hypoglossi
canalis condylariksen "edessä" pars lateralis os occipitale
57
crista occipitalis interna
protuberantia occipitalis interna alla
58
Angulus frontalis
etu yläkulma
59
incisura jugularis
pars lateralis os occipitalis fossa jugulariksen (quite big) os occipitale puolella ja sulcus sinus petrosi inferiors kind of loppuu siihen
60
sulcus sinus sagittalis superioris
protuberantia occipitalis interna yllä
61
Angulus sphenoidalis
ala etukulma os parietale
62
sulcus sinus sigmoidei os occipitale
from fossa/incisura jugularis laterally towads lateral inside wall of the skull
63
Angulus occipitalis
ylä takakulma os parietale
64
Squama occipitalis | Facies externa
kallon ulkopuoli os occipitalessa squamassa  protuberantia occipitalis externa  crista occipitalis externa  linea nuchae superior  linea nuchae inferior
65
Angulus mastoideus
ala takakulma os parietale
66
tuber parietale
möykky facies externa os parietalessa
67
protuberantia occipitalis externa
os occipitale squama occipitalis facies externa
68
Facies cerebralis Squama occipitalis
 protuberantia occipitalis interna  crista occipitalis interna  sulcus sinus sagittalis superioris  sulcus sinus transversi Kallon sisäpuoli osa squamasta
69
linea temporalis superior
Facies externa os parietale
70
Facies externa Os parietale
tuber parietale  linea temporalis superior  linea temporalis inferior  foramen parietale kallon ulkopuoli os parietalissa
71
linea nuchae inferior
Facies externa os parietale SELKEÄMPI KUIN SUPERIOR!
72
linea nuchae superior
Squama occipitalis Facies externa protuberantia occipitalis externasta oikeelle ja vasemmalle
73
linea temporalis inferior
Facies externa os parietale SELKEÄMPI KUIN SUPERIOR!
74
foramen parietale
Superior externa border os parietale, lähellä angulus occipitalista
75
crista occipitalis externa
os occipitais Squama occipitalis Facies externa alaspäin protuberantia occipitalis externa
76
sutura frontalis (sutura metopica)
Squama frontalis os frontale, Semmoset rypyt silmien välissä otsassa
77
foveolae granulares
small dots facies cerebralis os parietale close to angulus frontal is superior border!
78
Pars nasalis Os frontale
``` Pars nasalis  incisura ethmoidalis  apertura sinus frontalis  sinus frontalis  septum sinuum frontalium ``` vaan nenä osa tosi pieni alue
79
sulcus sinus sagittalis superioris os parietale
facies cerebralis os parietale kind of between the os parietales!!
80
Pars orbitalis Os frontale
silmä osa Facies orbitalis  fossa glandulae lacrimalis  foramen ethmoidale anterius  foramen ethmoidale posterius Facies cerebralis  impressiones digitatae  juga cerebralia
81
sulcus sinus sigmoidei os parietale
facies cerebralis os parietale right at angulus mastoideus
82
tuber frontale
kaksi kyhmyä otsassa facies externa os frontale squama frontalis
83
Os temporale
Pars petrosa Pars mastoidea Pars tympanica Pars squamosa
84
arcus superciliaris
kulmakarvat tai no vähän ylempänä... facies externa os frontale squama frontalis
85
glabella
arcus superciliariksen välissä, sutura frontaliksen yläpuolella facies externa os frontale squama frontalis
86
incisura frontalis (foramen frontale)
silmäkulmassa lähellä nenää "kuoppa", muista mitä Max sano! facies externa os frontale squama frontalis
87
processus zygomaticus os frontale
facies externa os frontale squama frontalis
88
crista frontalis
Facies cerebralis Squama frontalis Os frontale kallon sisäpuoli nenästä ylöspäin... Mutta vain noin puoleen väliin kunnes sulcus sinus sagittalis superioris alkaa
89
sulcus sinus sagittalis superioris os frontale
Facies cerebralis Squama frontalis Os frontale Kallon sisäpuolella noin jakaa 2/3 frontalen yläosasta vertically
90
facies temporalis os frontale
"Ohimo" Facies externa Squama frontalis Os frontale
91
incisura ethmoidalis
Alhaalta päin katsottuna Facies nasalis Squama frontalis Os frontalea --> jakaa sen alueen kahtia , vähän niinku jatkumona os vomer
92
apertura sinus frontalis
Otsaontelon reunat!!! lateral leikkaus Facies nasalis Squama frontalis Os frontale
93
sinus frontalis
Otsaontelo!! eli lateral leikkaus! Facies nasalis Squama frontalis Os frontale
94
septum sinuum frontalium
between the frontal sinuses Facies nasalis Squama frontalis Os frontale
95
fossa glandulae lacrimalis
Silmäkuoppa! Facies orbitalis squama frontalis Os frontale
96
foramen ethmoidale anterius
silmässä nenän vieressä Pars and Facies orbitalis squama frontalis Os frontale
97
foramen ethmoidale posterius
silmässä nenän vieressä Pars and Facies orbitalis squama frontalis Os frontale
98
Facies cerebralis Pars orbitalis
impressiones digitatae juga cerebralia sulci arteriosi
99
processus mastoideus
helppo
100
cellulae mastoideae
siellä processus mastoideuksen sisällä ei oikein voi näyttää
101
antrum mastoideum
eteinen processus mastoideuksen sisälle.. Ei voi oikein näyttää.. Muista mitä Netta näytti
102
arcus alveolaris
Mandibula & Maxilla
103
alveoli dentales
Mandibula & Maxilla
104
septa interalveolaria
Mandibula & Maxilla
105
septa interradicularia
Mandibula & Maxilla
106
juga alveolaria
Mandibula & Maxilla
107
fossa cranii anterior borders
 squama frontalis  ala minor ossis sphenoidalis  sulcus chiasmatis
108
Art. temporomandibularis
``` Caput mandibulae Fossa mandibularis Tuberculum articulare assistive: Discus articularis Strengthen: - Capsula articularis - Lig. laterale (from arcus zygomaticus to collum mandibulae) ``` movementsart. ellipsoidea
109
fossa cranii media borders
```  sulcus chiasmatis  ala minor ossis sphenoidalis  pars squamosa ossis temporalis  sulcus sinus petrosi superioris  dorsum sellae ```
110
Choana
Bordered by :  lamina horizontalis ossis palatini  lamina medialis processus pterygoidei  facies inferior corporis ossis sphenoidalis  vomer
111
FOSSA INFRATEMPORALIS
Paries anterior  Facies infratemporalis maxillae Paries medialis  Lamina lateralis processus pterygoidei ossis sphenoidalis Paries superior  Facies infratemporalis alae majoris ossis sphenoidalis Paries lateralis  Arcus zygomaticus -->Ramus mandibulae
112
FOSSA PTERYGOPALATINA borders
Paries medialis  Lamina perpendicularis ossis palatini Paries anterior  Facies infratemporalis maxillae Paries posterior  Processus pterygoideus Paries superior  Facies maxillaris alae majoris ossis sphenoidalis
113
FOSSA PTERYGOPALATINA communications
6  Foramen sphenopalatinum → meatus nasopharyngeus cavi nasi  Foramen rotundum → fossa cranii media  Fissura orbitalis inferior → orbita  Fissura sphenomaxillaris → fossa infratemporalis  Canalis pterygoideus → basis cranii externa  Canalis pterygopalatinus s. canalis palatinus major → foramen palatinum majus → cavum oris
114
FOSSA INFRATEMPORALIS | communications
7  Fissura orbitalis inferior → orbita  Fissura petrotympanica → cavum tympani  Fissura sphenomaxillaris → fossa pterygopalatina  Foramina alveolaria → canales alveolares maxillae  Foramen ovale → fossa cranii media  Foramen spinosum → fossa cranii media  Foramen mandibulae → canalis mandibulae
115
FOSSA TEMPORALIS communications
2  Fossa infratemporalis  Foramen zygomaticotemporale → orbita
116
Cavitas nasi communications
5  Meatus nasi superior → cellulae ethmoidales  Meatus nasi medius → cellulae ethmoidales → hiatus sinus maxillaris → sinus maxillaris → apertura sinus frontalis → sinus frontalis  Meatus nasi inferior → canalis nasolacrimalis → orbita  Meatus nasi communis → apertura piriformis → cribrae ethmoidales → fossa cranii anterior → canalis incisivus → cavum oris  Meatus nasopharyngeus → apertura sinus sphenoidalis → sinus sphenoidalis --> fossa pterygopalatina → foramen sphenopalatinum → choana → basis cranii externa
117
Orbita communications
7  Canalis opticus – fossa cranii media  Fissura orbitalis superior – fossa cranii media  Foramen ethmoidale anterius – fossa cranii anterior  Foramen ethmoidale posterius – cavum nasi  Canalis nasolacrimalis – cavum nasi (meatus nasi inferior)  Canalis infraorbitalis – foramen infraorbitale – facies anterior maxillae  Fissura orbitalis inferior – fossa pterygopalatina, fossa infratemporalis
118
Basis crane externa communications
15  processus pterygoideus ossis sphenoidalis lamina lateralis lamina medialis fossa pterygoidea canalis pterygoideus → fossa pterygopalatina  choana → cavum nasi (meatus nasopharyngeus)  canalis musculotubarius → cavum tympani  canalis caroticus → fossa cranii media  fossula petrosa → canaliculus tympanicus → cavum tympani  fossa jugularis  foramen jugulare → fossa cranii posterior  foramen stylomastoideum → canalis facialis  processus styloideus  fissura petrotympanica → cavum tympani  fossa mandibularis  tuberculum articulare  porus acusticus externus → meatus acusticus externus  processus mastoideus incisura mastoidea sulcus a. occipitalis foramen mastoideum → fossa cranii poterior  tuberculum pharyngeum  foramen magnum → fossa cranii posterior  condylus occipitalis  canalis condylaris → fossa cranii posterior  canalis hypoglossi →fossa cranii posterior  crista occipitalis externa  linea nuchae superior  linea nuchae inferior
119
Pars petrosa
```  apex partis petrosae  margo anterior  margo superior sulcus sinus petrosi superioris  margo posterior sulcus sinus petrosi inferioris canaliculus cochleae incisura jugularis ``` Facies anterior  tegmen tympani (painauma)  eminentia arcuata (korouma)  hiatus canalis n. petrosi minoris (laterally)  hiatus canalis n. petrosi majoris (medially)  impressio trigemini (apexin lähellä) Facies posterior  porus acusticus internus  meatus acusticus internus
120
3. Canalis musculotubarius
Apex partis petrosae --> divides in 2 semicanalis (semicanalis m. tensoris tubae tympani and semicanalis tubae auditivae). ends in cavities tympani
121
Pars mastoidea
```  processus mastoideus  cellulae mastoideae  antrum mastoideum  incisura mastoidea  sulcus a. occipitalis  foramen mastoideum  sulcus sinus sigmoidei ```
122
4. Canaliculus tympanicus
Upper opening – hiatus canalis n. petrosi minoris, lower opening – fossula petrosa. Goes through cavitas tympani.
123
Pars tympanica
fissura petrotympanica
124
5. Aqueductus vestibuli/canaliculus vestibule
Starts facies posterior partis petrosae at aqueductus vestibule s. apertura canaliculi vestibuli, ends in auris interna.
125
Pars squamosa
Facies temporalis  processus zygomaticus  fossa mandibularis  tuberculum articulare Facies cerebralis  impressiones digitatae  juga cerebralia  sulci arteriosi
126
6. Canaliculus cochleae
Starts at margo posterior partis petrosa at apertura externa canaliculi cochlea, ends in auris interna.
127
1. Canalis facialis
Meatus acusticus internus goes perpendicularly to longitudinal axis of pyramids to the direction (all the way) of hiatus canalis n. petrosi major --> 90 degree curve posteriorly --> parallerly to longitudinal axis until eminentia arcuata --> at the level of eminentia arcuata goes 90 degrees down --> out from foramen stylomastoideum. branches as canaliculus chordae tympani second branch of canalis nervi facialis: canalis nervi petrosi majoris: from the beginning canalis n.facialis, hiatus canalis nervi petrosi majoris.
128
7. Cavum tympani
1cm^3 area near margo anterior. Ossicula auditus locate here. Canaliculus tympanicus goes through this. and musculotubarius ends in here under tegmen tympani
129
2. Canalis caroticus
Starts facies inferior partis petrosa, ends on apex partis petrosa.
130
8. Canaliculus chordae tympani
Branch of descending part of canalis n. facialis. Opens through fissura petrotympanica. Meatus acusticus internus -> vertically down -> fissura petrotympanica
131
Porus acusticus externus
korvanreikä
132
Lamina cribrosa
crista gallin sivuilla sienimäinen osa
133
Meatus acusticus externus
korvakäytävä
134
Lamina perpendicularis
crista galli toisella puolella eli nenään päin
135
cribrae ethmoidales
crista gallin sivuilla sienimäinen osa, part of lamina cribrosa os ethmoidale
136
foramen stylomastoideum
processus mastoideuksen edessä ja processus styloideuksen takana
137
Labyrinthus ethmoidalis
lamina cribrosasta vielä laterally ```  Cellulae ethmoidales anteriores  Cellulae ethmoidales mediae  Cellulae ethmoidales posteriores  Lamina orbitalis  Concha nasalis superior  Concha nasalis media ```
138
processus styloideus
helppo piikki
139
crista galli
helppo kallon sisällä clitoriksen näkönen homma
140
cellulae ethmoidales anteriores
labyrinths etmoidaleksasse, laterally from lamina cribrosa
141
aqueductus vestibuli = canaliculus vestibule
facies posterior pars petrosa pieni piste
142
cellulae ethmoidales mediae
labyrinths etmoidaleksasse, laterally from lamina cribrosa
143
lamina orbitalis
labyrinths ethmoidaleksesta vielä laterally sileä pinta
144
meatus acusticus internus
facies posterior pars petrosa PIENEMPI AUKKO!!!!
145
cellulae ethmoidales posteriores
labyrinths etmoidaleksasse laterally from lamina cribrosa
146
concha nasalis superior
os ethmoidale ylin. Ei pysty näkee kallosta muutakun läpileikkauksesta
147
porus acusticus internus
facies posterior pars petrosa os temporale . Korvanreiän sisäänkäynti
148
concha nasalis media
os ethmoidale keskimmäinen, mutta ylin minkä näät nenänreiästä.
149
impressio trigemini
apex pars petrosan lähellä facies anterior puolella
150
Corpus maxillae
kaikki muut paitsi processukset ``` Facies anterior  incisura nasalis  foramaen infraorbitale  margo infraorbitalis  fossa canina ``` Facies orbitalis  sulcus infraorbitalis  canalis infraorbitalis Facies nasalis  hiatus maxillaris  sinus maxillaris Facies infratemporalis  tuber maxillae  foramina alveolaria  canales alveolares
151
hiatus canalis n. petrosi majoris
pars petrosa facies anterior isosta reiästä sisään ja medial
152
Processus frontalis
 sulcus lacrimalis ylöspäin terävä piikki maxillassa
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sulcus lacrimalis
processus frontaliksessa maxillassa.. lähtee siitä alas missä ductus nasolacrimalis menee
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hiatus canalis n. petrosi minoris
pars petrosa facies anterior isosta reiästä sisään ja lateral
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Processus zygomaticus maxillae
taaksepäin processus maxillas
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eminentia arcuata
kohouma os temporal facies anterior puolella
157
Processus palatinus
maxillassa "sisälle" päin menevä processus
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tegmen tympani
kuoppa eminentia arcuata korotuksen jälkee kohti squama temporalista
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Processus alveolaris
maxilla: ```  arcus alveolaris  alveoli dentales  septa interalveolaria  septa interradicularia  juga alveolaria ```
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incisura jugularis os temporale
pars petrosa stylomastoideuksesta sisälle päin fossa jugulariksen edessä
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tuber maxillae
Facies infratemporaliksessa processus zygomaticuksen takana
162
canaliculus cochleae
facies posterior small dot below apex little bit downward
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foramina alveolaria
small dots on the facies infratemporalis on maxilla
164
sulcus sinus petrosi inferioris pars petrosa
yeah just follow the one on occipitalis
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canales alveolares
through it goes nerves from foramina alveolar on facies infratemporalis
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margo posterior pars petrosa
jebajebajeba
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incisura nasalis
laterally nenänreikä
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sulcus sinus petrosi superioris pars petrosa
margo superior kohdalla
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foramen infraorbitale
poskipäässä maxillassa
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margo superior pars petrosal
kyl sä tiedät
171
margo infraorbitalis
silmän sisä alareuna, facies anterior corpus maxilla
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margo anterior pars petrosa
just small sharp ending close to apex
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fossa canina
kuoppa poskipäässä ikenien yläpuolella
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sulcus infraorbitalis
facies orbitalis corpus maxillae silmäkuopassa semmonen sulcus
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apex partis petrosae
u know u know
176
canalis infraorbitalis
sulcuksesta alkaa canalis infraorbitalis, tulee ulos foramen infraorbitalesta
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hiatus maxillaris
poskiontelon rajavaat reunat
178
fossa jugularis
os temporaleksessa processus styloideuksesta vaan vähän medially niin siin sellanen kuoppa
179
sinus maxillaris
poskiontelo.. concha nasalis mediaksen alla. Muista että se johtaa sinus frontalikseen
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fossula petrosa
pikkudot processu stylomastoideuksen edessä
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canalis incisivus
yläikenissä viiva joka johtaa cavum nasiin
182
foramen mentale
leuassa edessä aika keskellä molemmin puolin
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fossa digastrica
terävimmän leuan kohdan sisäpuolella
184
semicanalis tubae auditivae
canalis musculotubariuksessa
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fovea sublingualis
hampaiden alla leukaluussa painaumat molemmin puolin
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linea mylohyoidea
fovea sublingualiksen ja submandibulariksen välissä
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canalis musculotubarius
facies anterior os temporale
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fovea submandibularis
kaikista alin painauma leukaluun sisällä
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canalis caroticus
isoin reikä. Sen minkä sekotat korvanreiäksi sisäpuolelta kalloa aina
190
spina mentalis
leukaluun sisäpuolella semmonen möykky clitoris
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semicanalis musculi tensoris tympani
canalis musculotubariuksessa
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angulus mandibulae
leukakulma.. Komeat miehet
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incisura mastoidea
processus mastoideuksen siin alla taaksepäin
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processus condylaris
mandibulan kiinnitys processus eli tylpempi ja taaempi
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sulcus a. occipitalis
temporaliksessa mastoideuksen alla lähtee vähän niinkuin foramen stylomastoideuksesta
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caput mandibulae
tylppä pää on sen head
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foramen mastoideum
processus stylomastoideuksen alla mastoideukseen päin
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collum mandibulae
on sen kaula eli tylpän pään alla missä periaatteessa processus condylaris
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sulcus sinus sigmoidei os temporale
siellä nii jatka vaan os occipitaliksesta
200
fovea pterygoidea
sisällä processus condylarista
201
fissura petrotympanica
tiedät kyllä.. siin temporaliksessa sellanen viiva zygomatikuksen takana
202
processus coronoideus
terävä processus mandibulassa
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processus zygomaticus temporale
kyl sä Diät
204
tuberculum mentale
peppuleuan vuoret
205
fossa mandibularis
temporalessa, zygomatiuksen alla!!!!! pars squamosa
206
Basis mandibulae
ala leuka, kato complete
207
tuberculum articulare
pars squamosa siin processus zygomaticuksessa ja sen alla vuori
208
incisura mandibulae
processus condylariksen ja corronoideuksen välissä
209
Ramus mandibulae
niinku se osaleuasta mikä johtaa processusksiin
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protuberantia mentalis
peppuleuan yläpuolella kohoama
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Corpus mandibulae
koko paska ilman ramuksia eli siis niitä laihempia vertical osia leuasta
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foramen mandibulae
ramus mandibulaessa joka jatkuu canalis mandibulaeen!! muista fossa infratemporaliksessa
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facies palatina
lamina horizontaliksessa os palatinumissa. alaspäin.
214
canalis mandibularis
foramen mandibulaesta... Sieltä leuan sisältä ramuksesta. fossa infratemporalis connection
215
Lamina horisontalis
 facies nasalis  facies palatina  foramen palatinum majus
216
sulcus mylohyoideus
terävä sulcus ramuksessa foramen mandibulaesta alaspäin
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facies nasalis (os palatinum)
ylöspäin lamina horizontaliksessa
218
tuberositas masseterica
leuan ulkopuolella leukakulmassa semmosta tarraus pintaa lihakselle
219
incisura sphenopalatina
vaikee näyttää kyl (joins with corpus ossis sphenoidalis to | make foramen sphenopalatinum), lamina perpendicularis os palatinum
220
tuberositas pterygoidea
sisäpuolella leukakulmassa sellasta tarrauspintaa taas
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facies maxillaris (os palatinum)
hyvä kyssäri
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Lamina perpendicularis
(vertically in the lateral wall of nasal cavity in front of processus pterygoideus) os palatinum
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foramen palatinum majus
kitalaessa siellä isoimpien hampaiden vieressä. Yhdistyy canalis palatinum majukseen ja menee fossa pterygopalatina
224
Processus temporalis
os zygomaticum menee sillein taaksepäin. laihin osa.
225
FOSSA INFRATEMPORALIS
Paries anterior  Facies infratemporalis maxillae Paries medialis  Lamina lateralis processus pterygoidei ossis sphenoidalis Paries superior  Facies infratemporalis alae majoris ossis sphenoidalis Paries lateralis  Arcus zygomaticus  Ramus mandibulae
226
Processus frontalis os zygomaticus
ylöspäin paksumpi piikki
227
FOSSA TEMPORALIS
Paries anterior  Facies temporalis ossis frontalis  Facies temporalis ossis zygomatici Paries medialis –planum temporale  Facies temporalis ossis frontalis  Facies temporalis alae majoris ossis sphenoidalis  Facies temporalis ossis parietalis  Facies temporalis ossis temporalis (linea temporalis superior, linea temporalis inferior) Paries lateralis  Arcus zygomaticus  Processus zygomaticus ossis temporalis  Processus temporalis ossis zygomatici
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foramen zygomaticofaciale
silmän alla poskiluussa
229
Cavitas nasi
Paries superior  Lamina cribrosa Paries inferior  Palatum osseum ``` Paries lateralis  Facies nasalis maxillae  Os lacrimale  Concha nasalis inferior  Labyrinthus ethmoidalis  Lamina perpendicularis ossis palatini  Lamina medialis processus pterygoidei ``` Paries medialis – septum nasi  Lamina perpendicularis ossis ethmoidali  Vomer Paries posterior  Facies anterior corporis ossis sphenoidalis  Choanae Paries anterior  Os nasale  Apertura piriformis(os nasale, incisura nasalis maxillae)
230
foramen zygomaticoorbitale
silmäkuopassa lateral seinässä
231
Orbita
Aditus orbitae  Margo supraorbitalis ossis frontalis  Margo infraorbitalis maxillae et ossis zygomatici Apex orbitae ``` Paries medialis  Processus frontalis maxillae  Os lacrimale  Lamina orbitalis ossis ethmoidalis  Corpus ossis sphenoidalis ``` Paries superior  Pars orbitalis ossis frontalis  Facies orbitalis alae minoris ossis sphenoidalis Paries lateralis  Facies orbitalis alae majoris ossis sphenoidalis  Facies orbitalis ossis zygomatici (fossa glandulae lacrimalis) Paries inferior  Facies orbitalis maxillae (sulcus infraorbitalis)
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foramen zygomaticotemporale
os zygomaticuksessa menee orbitaan.
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Arcus alveolaris superior
```  processus alveolaris maxillae  alveoli dentales  septa interalveolaria  septa interradicularia  juga alveolaria ```
234
Palatum osseum communications
2  canalis incisivus → cavum nasi (meatus nasi communis)  canalis palatinus major s. canalis pterygopalatinus → fossa pterygopalatina
235
processus palatinus maxillae
palatum osseassa eli kitalaessa hieman takana
236
sutura palatina mediana
kitalaessa jakaa etuhampaista "nieluun"
237
Fossa cranii posterior communications
8  foramen magnum → canalis vertebralis  canalis hypoglossi → basis cranii externa  canalis condylaris → basis cranii externa  foramen jugulare → basis cranii externa  foramen mastoideum → basis cranii externa  porus et meatus acusticus internus → canalis facialis → foramen stylomastoideum → basis cranii externa  canaliculus cochleae → auris interna  aquaeductus vestibuli = canaliculus vestibule → auris interna
238
sutura palatina transversa
kitalaessa poikittainen "taaimmaisten" hampaiden välillä
239
Fossa cranii posterior borders
 dorsum sellae  sulcus sinus petrosi superioris  sulcus sinus transversi  protuberantia occipitalis interna
240
Fossa cranii anterior base formations
 lamina cribrosa ossis ethmoidalis  pars orbitalis ossis frontalis  ala minor ossis sphenoidalis
241
Fossa cranii posterior base formations
 os occipitale  facies posterior partis petrosae ossis temporalis  pars mastoidea ossis temporalis  angulus mastoideus ossis parietalis
242
Fossa cranii media base formations
 corpus ossis sphenoidalis  ala major ossis sphenoidalis  pars squamosa ossis temporalis  facies anterior parti petrosae
243
Fossa cranii anterior structurers
 crista galli  crista frontalis  impressiones digitatae  juga cerebralia
244
Fossa cranii media structures
```  sulcus chiasmatis  sella turcica  tuberculum sellae  fossa hypophysialis  dorsum sellae  sulcus caroticus  impressiones digitatae  juga cerebralia  sulci arteriosi  tegmen tympani  eminentia arcuata  impressio trigemini ```
245
Fossa cranii posterior structures
 clivus  sulcus sinus petrosi inferioris  sulcus sinus sigmoidei  crista occipitalis interna
246
Basis cranii:
 Basis cranii interna - fossa cranii anterior - fossa cranii media - fossa cranii posterior  Basis cranii externa
247
lamina horisontalis ossis palatini
takana kitalaessa horizontal
248
foramen magnum
selkäydin reikä
249
sulcus caroticus
next to the dorsum sellae in the os sphenoidale ala major
250
linea temporalis
os frontale squama frontalis facies externa jakaa ohimon otsasta, sellanen linea!
251
Synostosis s junctura ossea
Synostosis sphenooccipitalis
252
Syndesmosis – suturae cranii
Sutura serrata, Synarthrosis s. junctura fibrosa. all the connections between bones in the skull
253
Synarthrosis s. junctura fibrosa
``` Syndesmosis – suturae cranii - Sutura serrata Sutura coronalis Sutura sagittalis Sutura lambdoiea Sutura frontalis (metopica 10%) - Sutura squamosa - Sutura plana ```
254
Synostosis sphenooccipitalis
Synostosis s junctura ossea
255
Sutura frontalis (metopica 10%)
(some people have this)
256
Synchondrosis s junctura cartilaginea
 Synchondrosis sphenooccipitalis  Synchondrosis sphenopetrosa  Synchondrosis petrooccipitalis
257
Sutura coronalis
between frontal bone and parietal bones
258
Sutura serrata
sagittal serrata
259
Sutura lambdoiea
between the occipital and parietal bones
260
Sutura squamosa
os temporaliksen ja os parietals välissä
261
Synchondrosis sphenooccipitalis
Synchondrosis s junctura cartilaginea. 16v synostosis
262
Sutura plana
nenässä os nasalen välissä
263
Sutura sagittalis
between parietal bones
264
Synchondrosis sphenopetrosa
between os sphenoidal and pars petrosa os temporale
265
Synchondrosis petrooccipitalis
between pars petrosa os temporale and os occipitalis
266
fissura petrotympanica -->
cave tympani, basis cranii externa: fossa infratemporalis

Anatomy (21 decks)

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