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Anatomy > 3rd colloquim -luut > Flashcards

3rd colloquim -luut Flashcards

1
Q

Os coxae consists of three bones? And what do they form together? What are its’ parts? By what are these bones joined together at first and what is it replaced by later on when older?

A

Os ilium
Os pubis
Os ischia

ACETABULUM:
- Fossa acetabuli
- facies lunata
- incisura acetabuli
- foramen obturatum

Up until the age of 16 years these bones are joined together by synchondrosis, which is later replaced by
synostosis.

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2
Q

Tell me about os ilium

A

Two parts: Corpus ilii and ala ossis ilii —> linea arcuata

Ala ossis ilii
- crista iliaca
- Spina iliaca anterior superior/inferior
- Fossa iliaca

Facies glutea: linea glutea posterior/anterior/inferior

Posterior region:
- Facies sacropelvina
- Facies auricularis
- tuberositas iliaca

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3
Q

Tell me about os ischii

A

2 parts: corpus ossis ischii (forms posterior 1/3 of acetabulum), ramus ossis ischii (fuses with
ramus inferior ossis pubis).

Ramus:
- tuber ischiadicum
- spina ishiadica
- incisura ischiadica minor/major

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4
Q

Tell me about os pubis

A

3 parts: corpus ossis pubis (forms anterior 1/3 of acetabulum), ramus superior ossis pubis and
ramus inferior ossis pubis.

Superior:
- pecten ossis pubis
- sulcus obturatorius
- tuberculum pubicum
- facies symphialis

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5
Q

What synchondrosis is in the lower Limb?

A

Until age of 16 between corpus os ilium, os ischii, os pubis. Can be also found between Ramus ossis ischii and Ramus inferior ossis pubis

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6
Q

What syndesmoses are there in the lower limb?

A
  • MEMBRANA obturatoria (closes foramen obturatum expect sulcus obturatorius for blood vessels and nervers passes canalis obturatorius)
    -> lig. Sacrospinale (os sacrum to spina ischiadica)
    -> lig. Sacrotuberale (os sacrum to tuber ischiadicum)
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7
Q

What diarthroses are in the pelvis?

A

Art. Sacroiliac (art.plana, amphiarthrosis)
B. Facies auricularis ossis ilii/sacri

-> capsula articularis
-> lig. Sacroiliacum anterius/posterius/interosseum

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8
Q

What hemiarthrosis are in pelvis? What does it translate to in English?

A

Transitional joint:

Symphysis pubica
B. Facies symphysialis ossis pubis. They are joined by fibrous cartilage and discus interpubicus

-> lig. pubicum superius/inferior

—> posterior surface has eminentia retropubica

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9
Q

Pelvis major walls and measurements

A

ASK FROM KNIPSE more specific ones!!

Pars posterior: vertebra lumbales 4-5 and junctions between them

Pars lateralis: ala ossis ilii dextra and sinistra

  • Distantia intercristalis: crista iliaca dextra et sinistra, 28-29cm
  • Distantia interspinosum: spina iliaca anterior superior dextra et sinistra, 25-27cm
  • Distantia interchaterica: between trochanter major dextra and sinistra, 30-32cm
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10
Q

What is between pelvis minor and major ?

A

Linea terminalis

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11
Q

Apertura pelvis superior structures?

A
  1. Promontorium
  2. Art. Sacroiliaca
  3. Linea arcuata
  4. Eminentia iliopubica
  5. Pecten ossis pubis
  6. Tuberculum pubicum
  7. Lig. Pubicum superius
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12
Q

Pelvis minor walls and measurements

A

Paries posterior: os sacrum, os coccygis, juncture sacrococcygea

Paries laterales: foramen ischiadicum majus et minus

Paries anterior: Ramus superior and inferior ossis pubis, Ramus ossis ischii, membrana obturatoria, symphysis pubica

Measurements:
- Diameter transversa 13,5cm: furthest points of linea arcuata
- Diameter oblique: b. Art sacroiliaca and the opposite eminentia iliopubica 12,5cm
- conjugata anatomica: b. Promontorium and upper margins of symphysis pubica 11,5cm
- conjugata Vera: b. Promontorium and eminentia retropubica 10,5-11cm
- conjugata diagonalis: b. Promontorium and lower margins of symphysis pubica 12,5-13cm

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13
Q

What does female pelvis have compared to male?

A

Arcus pubicus between right and left lower Ramus inferior ossis pubis

Male has angulus subpubicus -> male is also smaller narrower and higher than female pelvis.

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14
Q

Apertura pelvis minor structures:

A
  1. Os coccygis
  2. lig.sacrotuberale
  3. Tuber ischiadicum
  4. Ramus ossis ischii
  5. Ramus inferior ossis pubis
  6. Lig. Pubicum inferius
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15
Q

Tell me femur parts

A

Caput femoris
Fovea capitis femoris
Collum femoris
Trochanter major/minor
Fossa trochanterica
Linea intertrochanterica
Crista intertrochanterica
Linea pectinea
Tuberositas glutea
Linea aspera: labium laterale/mediale
Facies poplitea
Condylus medialis/lateralis
Epicondylus medialis/lateralis
Facies patelaris
Fossa intercondylaris

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16
Q

Patella regions

A

Basis patellae
Apex patellae
Facies articularis

LARGEST OS SESAMOIDEUM

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17
Q

Tibia parts

A

Condylus medialis/lateralis
Facies articularis fibularis/superior
Eminentia intercondylaris
Area intercondylaris anterior/posterior
Tuberositas tibiae
Facies medialis/lateralis/posterior
Linea m. Solei
Margo interosseus/anterior/medialis
Malleolus medialis
Facies articularis malleoli/inferior
Sulcus malleolaris
Incisura fibularis

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18
Q

Fibula parts

A

Caput fibulae
Facies articularis capitis fibulae
Apex capitis fibulae
Malleolus lateralis
Facies articularis malleoli lateralis
Fossa malleoli lateralis

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19
Q

Tarsus bones

A

Talus
Calcaneus
Os naviculare
Os cuboideum
Os cuneiforme medialle/intermedium/laterale

—> metatarsus
—> digiti pedis

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20
Q

Space between ossa metatarsi

A

Spatia interossea

(5 ossa metatarsi: basis, corpus, caput)

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21
Q

Digiti pedis parts

A

Phalanx proximalis/media/distalis
Basis, corpus, caput ossa digitorum pedis

TUBEROSITAS PHALANX DISTALIS

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22
Q

What does caput ossis metatarsi primi have?

A

Ossa sesamoidea

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23
Q

Talus parts

A

Caput tali
Collum tali
Corpus tali
Trochlea tali
Facies malleolaris medialis/lateralis
Facies superior tali
Sulcus tali

24
Q

Calcaneus parts

A

Corpus calcanei
Tuber calcanei
Sustentaculum tali
Sulcus calcanei

25
Q

What articulatio type is art. Coxae?

A

Art. Cotylica = Enarthrosis

26
Q

Where does art. Coxae articulate? What ligaments does it have? What movement can be done with this articulatio?

A

b. Facies articularis capitis femoris & Facies lunata acetabuli

  • attached to linea intertrochanterica and crista intertrochanterica

2 ligg. intracapsularia in cavitas articularis:
-> lig. Transversum acetabuli: connects the ends of facies lunata acetabuli and crosses incisura acetabuli

-> lig. Capitis femoris: extends from Fossa acetabuli and attaches lig. Transversum acetabuli to fovea capitis femoris

4 Ligg. extracapsularia:
-> lig. iliofemorale: b. spina iliaca anterior inferior and linea intertrochanterica

-> lig. Pubofemorale: b. ramus superior ossis pubis and linea intertrochanterica

-> lig. ischiofemorale: b. Corpus ossis ischii and fossa trochanterica

-> zona orbicularis: around collum femoris and attaches to spina iliaca anterior inferior

Flexio & extensio
Abductio/adductio
Rotatio interna & externa
Circumduktio femoris

27
Q

What ligaments are intracapsularia in art. coxae?

A

Lig. Transversum acetabuli connects the ends of lunata acetabuli and crosses incisura acetabuli

Lig. Capitis femoris: extends from fossa acetabuli and attaches Lig. Transversum acetabuli to fovea capitis femoris

28
Q

What is the articulation between femur, tibia and patella?

A

Art. Genus (ginglymus)
b.
- Facies articularis condyli medialis femoris and facies articularis superior condyli medialis tibiae
- facies articularis condyli lateralis femoris and facies articularis superior condyli lateralis tibiae
- facies articularis patellae and facies patelaris femoris

29
Q

What is between tibia and femur?

A

Meniscus medialis (semi-circular) /lateralis (circular)

30
Q

Art. Genus ligaments?

A

3 ligg. intracapsularia

  • Lig. Transversum genus joins two menisci in front
  • Lig. Cruciatum anterius: from condyli lateralis femoris to area intercondylaris anterior tibia
  • Lig. Cruciatum posterius: medialis ~ posterior

7 ligg. extracapsularia

  • Lig. Collaterale tibiale: epicondylus medialis femoris to condyli medialis tibia and facies medialis tibia
  • Lig. Collaterale fibulare from epicondylus lateralis femoris to latelar side if caput fibula
  • Lig. Patellae continuation of tendon m. quadriceps femoris
  • Retinaculum patellae mediale/laterale: fibers of m. Vastus medialis/lateralis and m. Recurs femoris
  • Lig. Popliteum obliquum: dorsal: condyli lateralis femoris to condyle medialis tibia
  • Lig. Popliteum arcuatum: dorsal: Caput fibulae to lig. Popliteum obliquum
31
Q

Art genus movements

A

Flexio/extensio
Rotatio interna/externa
Circumduktio cruris

32
Q

What are on the both sides of patellae and below?

A

2 plicae alares and below plica synovialis infrapatellaris

33
Q

What are intracapsularia in art. Genus?

A

Lig. Transversum genus: joins two menisci in front

Lig. Cruciatum anterius: from condyli lateralis to area intercondylaris anterior tibia

Lig. Cruciatum posterius: medialis ~ posterior

34
Q

All the bursas in the knee joint?

A

Bursa Suprapatellaris

Bursa Musculi poplitei
Anserina

Bursa Subtendinea musculi gastrocnemii medialis

Bursa Subcutanea prepatellaris:
- skin and facies anterior patella
Bursa Subfascialis prepatellaris:
- deep to fascia
Subtendinea prepatellaris:
- deep to the tendon

Bursa Subcutanea infrapatellaris:
- skin and tuberositas tibiae
Bursa Infrapatellaris profunda:
- b. Lig. Patella and facies anterior tibiae

35
Q

What’s between fibula and tibia?

A

Art. Tibiofibularis (art. Plana, amphiarthrosis)

B. Facies articularis fibularis tibias & facies articularis capitis fibulae *

-> lig. Capitis fibulae anterius/posterius

Membrana interossea cruris lies in spatium interosseum cruris and attaches Margo interosseum tibiae et fibulae

+ SYNDESMOSIS TIBIOFIBULARIS
B. Incisura fibularis tibiae and epiphysis distalis fibula

—> lig. Tibiofibulare anterius/posterius

36
Q

Articulatio between tibia and talus? (And fibula) movements?

A

Art. talocruralis (ginglymus) *
- Facies superior tail and facies articularis inferior tibiae
- facies malleolaris medialis tali and facies articularis malleoli medialis tibiae
- facies malleolaris lateralis tali and facies articularis malleoli lateralis fibulae

—> lig. Collaterale mediale s. Deltoideum
- from malleolus medialis and divides into 4 parts:
—- pars tibiotalaris anterior (to Caput tali)
—- pars tibiotalaris posterior (to corpus tali)
—- pars tibionavicularis (to os naviculare)
—- pars tibiocalcanea (to sustentaculum tali of the calcaneus)

—> lig. Collaterale laterale: consists
• lig. Talofibulare anterius (from malleolus lateralis to Caput tali)
• lig. Talofibulare posterius (from malleolus lateralis to posterior end of talus)
• lig. Calcaneofibulare (from malleolus lateralis to lateral surface of calcaneus)

FLEXIO/EXTENSIO PEDIs

37
Q

Between calcaneus And talus

A

Art. Subtalaris (art. Plana, amphiarthrosis) *
- facies articularis calcanea posterior tali & facies articularis talaris posterior calcanei

—> lig. Talocalcaneum mediale/laterale

38
Q

Between talus, calcaneus And os naviculare? Movements?

A

Art. Talocalcaneonavicularis (art.spheroidea) *
-> lig. Calcaneonaviculare plantare
-> lig. Talocalcaneum interosseum

Supinatio cum adductio pedis
Pronatio cum abductio pedisq

39
Q

Between calcaneus And os cuboideum?

A

Art. Calcaneocuboidea *
-> lig. Bifurcatum attaches to calcaneus And divides in front in a Y-shaped manner into lig. Calcaneonaviculare And lig. Calcaneocuboideum

-> lig. Calcaneicuboideum plantare extends from the forepart of calcaneus to plantar surface of os cuboideum

-> lig. Plantare longum: from in front of the tuber calcanei to plantar surface of ossa metatarsi 2-5

40
Q

The one articulation that connects two articulations?

A

Art. Tarsi transversa s. choparti

— Art. Talonavicularis & Art. Calcaneocuboidea

-> lig. Calcaneonaviculare
-> lig. Calcaneocuboideum (combined to lig. bifurcatum)

41
Q

Between ossa cuneiforme And os naviculare?

A

Art. Cuneonavicularis (art. Plana)*

-> ligg. Tarsi dorsalia/plantaria/interossea

42
Q

Between os cuboideum, ossa cuneiformia and basis ossis metatarsales?

A

Artt. Tarsometatarsalss s. Art. Lisfranci

—> ligg. Tarsometatarsalia dorsalia/plantaria/ interossea

43
Q

The base of four metatarsals connected: basis ossis metatarsales articulatio?

A

Art. Intermetatarsales *
-> ligg. Metatarsalia dorsalia/plantaria/interossea

44
Q

Between Caput ossis metatarsi and basis phalangis proximalis

A

Artt. Metatarsophalangeae *
—> ligg. Collateralia/plantaria/metatarsale transversum profundum

Flexio/extensio digitorum
Abductio/adduktio digitorum (2-5)
Circumduktio digitorum

45
Q

Basis phalangis and caput phalangis? And movement?

A

Artt. Interphalangeae pedis (ginglymus) *
—> ligg. Collateralia/plantaria

Flexio/extensio phalangis media/distalis

46
Q

Ambutation parts on foot

A

Artt. tarsometatarsales s. art. Lisfranci

b. Os cuboideum and Ossa cuneiformia (laterale, intermedium and mediale) and Basis ossis metatarsales
–> Ligg. tarsometatarsalia dorsalia
–> Ligg. tarsometatarsalia plantaria
–> Ligg. cuneometatarsalia interossea

Art. tarsi transversa s. Choparti - Art. talonavicularis
( b. Os naviculare, Talus, and Calcaneus

  • Capsula articularis
    –> Lig. calcaneonaviculare plantare connects sustentaculum tali with ossa naviculare
    –> Lig. talocalcaneum interosseum from talus to calcaneus in the tarsal sinus

supinatio cum adductio pedis
pronatio cum abductio pedis)

and

Art. calcaneocuboidea:
(b. calcaneus and os cuboideum

  • Capsula articularis
    –> Lig. bifurcatum attaches to calcaneus and divides in front in a Y-shaped manner into
    lig.calcaneonaviculare (to os naviculare) and lig. calcaneocuboideum (to os cuboideum)
    –> Lig. calcaneocuboideum plantare extends from the forepart of calcaneus to plantar surface of os
    cuboideum
    –> Lig. plantare longum from in front of the tuber calcanei to plantar surface of ossa metatarsi II - V)

–> Lig. calcaneonaviculare
–> Lig. calcaneocuboideum

47
Q

Plantare ligaments

A

3:

Lig. Plantare longum
Lig. Calcaneocuboideum plantare
Lig. Calcaneonaviculare plantare

also: Ligg. tarsi plantaria, Ligg. tarsometatarsalia plantaria, Ligg. metatarsalia plantaria, Ligg. plantaria

48
Q

Where is Lig. Talocalcaneum interosseum?

A

Lig. talocalcaneum interosseum from talus to calcaneus in the TARSAL SINUS

49
Q

Foramen ischiadicum major wall

A

Incisura ischiadicum major

50
Q

Hemiarthrosis in pelvis

A

The only one is symphysis pubica where both facies symphysialis ossis pubis are joined by fibrous cartilage or discus interpubicus.(what is inside discus interpubicus?!)

51
Q

What bursas are connected to articularis cavity in genus?

A

Suprapatellaris
Anserina
Musculi poplitea
Subtendinea musculi gastrocnemii medialis

52
Q

What bursas are not in articular cavity?

A

Subcutanea prepatellaris
Subfascialis prepatellaris
Subtendinea prepatellaris

Subcutanea infrapatellaris
Infrapatellaris profunda

53
Q

What is eminentia iliopubicas purpose?

A

The point of junction between os ilium and os pubis is indicated by eminentia
iliopubica.

54
Q

What is lig. sacrospinale and -tuberale purpose?

A

Both ligaments complete incisura ischiadica minor into foramen ischiadicum minus, but lig. sacrospinale completes incisura ischiadicum majus into foramen ischiadicum majus.

55
Q

How are synostoses developed (in the lower limb?)

A

Develop after the ossification of synchondroses. For example os coxae.

56
Q

What diarthroses are in the pelvis? What does it translate to again in English?

A

Discontinuous bone junctions

The only one is Art. sacroiliaca (art. plana = plane,
amphiarthrosis) which articular surfaces are: Facies auricularis ossis sacri and Facies auricularis ossis ilii
- Capsula articularis
–> Lig. sacroiliacum anterius
–> Lig. sacroiliacum posterius
–> Lig. sacroiliacum interosseum

57
Q

What does os navicular articulate with? What is the anterior surface? How many articular surfaces for ossa cuneiformia?

A

Os naviculare has concaved posterior surface. It
articulates with caput tali. Anterior surface is
convex. 3 articular surfaces for 3 ossa
cuneiformia.

Anatomy (21 decks)

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