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1st Test Flashcards

1
Q

Thorax walls: Paries anterior

A

Sternum, cartilago costalis, membrane instercostales external

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2
Q

Thorax walls: paries posterior

A

Pars thoracica columnae vertebrale, costae, membranae intercostales internae

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3
Q

Thorax walls: paries lateralis

A

Costae, spatia intercostalia

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4
Q

Collum costae prima/undecima/duodecima from posterior to anterior side

A

Sulcus arterie subclaviae
Tuberculum musculini scaleni anterioris
Sulcus venae subclavie

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5
Q

Canalis vertebralis walls: paries anterior (3things)

A

Corpora vertebrarum
Disci intervertebrale
Ligamentum longitudinale posterius

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6
Q

Canalis vertebralis walls: paries posterior (2things)

A

Arcus vertebrarum

Ligamenta flava

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7
Q

Canalis vertebralis walls: paries lateralis (2things)

A

Arcus vertebrarum

Foramina vertebralia

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8
Q

Continuous joints which is divided into three tissues: connective, cartilage and bone

A

Synarthrosis

  • syndesmosis
  • synchondrosis
  • synostosis
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9
Q

Discontinuous joints

A

Diarthrosis

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10
Q

Pään ei liike

A

Articulatio trochoidea:

The ligaments connecting these bones are (in articular capsules)

Art. atlantoaxialis mediana posterior (b. dens and fovea dentis)
Facies articularis posterior in dens axis
Lig. transversum atlantis

Art. atlantooccipitalis (art. trochoidea = pivot)
Facies articularis superior atlas
Condylus occipitalis
–> Membrana atlantooccipitalis anterior (beween os occipitale and arcus anterior atlantis)
–> Membrana atlantooccipitalis posterior (between os occipitale and atlas at the posterior aspect of
canalis vertebralis)

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11
Q

Pään sivuliike ja nyökytys

A

Articulatio ellipsoidea

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12
Q

Transitional joints which has one cartilage tissue ?

A

Hemiarthrosis

Symphysis s. Junctura sacrooccygea:

In articulatio sacrococcygea there are:
Ligamentum sacrococcygeum anterius: From os sacrum to os coccygis.
Extension of ligamentum longitudinale anterius.

Ligamentum sacrococcygeum posterius: From os sacrum to os coccyges
Profundum: corresponds to ligamentum longitudinale posterius
Superficiale: corresponds to ligamenta flava

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13
Q

Connective tissue includes:

A

Syndesmosis s. Junctura fibrosa

Membrane
Ligamenta
Suturae: serrata squamosa plana

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14
Q

Cartilage tissue example

A

Synchondrosis s. Junctura cartilaginea

  • Disci intervertebrales: Anulus fibrosus and nucleus pulposus
  • Synchondrosis manubriosternalis
  • Synchondrosis xiphosternalis
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15
Q

Bone tissue example

A

Synostosis s. Junctura oassea:

  • os sacrum
  • os coccyges
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16
Q

Articulatio sacrococcygea ligaments

A

Ligamentum sacrococcygeum anterius/posterius

  • from os sacrum to os coccygis
    Extension of ligamentum longitudinale anterius
  • syvyys Jatkoa ligamentum longitudinale posterius ja pinta ligamenta flava
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17
Q

How do you call the ribs from 8th to 12th

A

Costae spuriae

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18
Q

Selkäranka latinaksi

A

Columna vertebralis

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19
Q

What is the difference between 1st and 6th vertebra cervicalis? And the difference to axis and vertebra cervicalis septima?

A

Atlas has sulcus arterie vertebralis which has tuberculum anterius/posterius

Vertebra cervicalis sexta has sulcus Nervi spinalis which has tuberculum anterius/posterius

Axis and septima don’t have either one

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20
Q

What is the hole in processus transversus called?

A

Foramen transversium

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21
Q

What is between processus transversusses?

A

Foramen intervertebrale

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22
Q

Sternum parts

A 
Ossa suprasternalia
Manubrium sterni: incisura jugularis, incisura costalis, incisura clavicularis
-> angulus sterni 2nd rib
Corpus sterni: incisura costales 3-5ribs
PROCESSUS Xiphoideus
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23
Q

Kallonpohjan artikulaatiot, jotka ei ole pivot movementissa mukana

A

Art. atlantoaxialis lateralis

b. Processus articularis superior axis and Massa lateralis atlantis, facies articularis inferior atlas
- -> Capsula articularis

Art. atlantoaxialis mediana anterior
- b. Facies articularis anterior in dens axis
and Fovea dentis in atlas
–> Capsula articularis

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24
Q

Atlas ja axis ligaments

A

Lig. cruciform atlantis; composed of two ligaments

  1. Lig. transversum atlantis (sideways behind dens axis)
  2. Fasciculi longitudinales (two of these; above and below lig. transversum atlantis)

Ligg. alaria (winged ligaments from apex dentis, beneath Lig. cruciform atlantis)

Lig. apicis dentis (between apex dentis and os occipitale, beneath Lig. cruciform atlantis)

Membrana tectoria (over all the ligaments of art. atlantoaxialis mediana, extension of the lig. lonitudinale
posterius)
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25
Q

Which ligaments start from C7?

A

Ligamentum supraspinale from processus spinosus vertebrae cervicalis septima to os sacrum

Ligamenta interspinalia between processus spinosus from vertebrae cervicalis septima till os coccyx

26
Q

Which ligaments does pars thoracica columnae vertebralis have?

A

Ligamenta longa:

  • Lig. Longitudinale anterius: from arcus anterior C1 to facies pelvica ossis sacri
  • lig. longitudinale posterius: from corpus vertebra axis with membrana tectoria to os
    sacrum
  • Ligamentum supraspinale: from processus spinosus C7 to os sacrum

MEMBRANA tectoria

Ligamenta flava: connect the laminae of adjacent vertebra from C2 along columna vertebralis

Ligamenta intertransveria: between processus transversus so from t1 till os sacrum

Ligamenta interspinalia: between two processus spinosus

27
Q

Say all the short ligaments?

A

Ligamenta brevia:

Ligamenta flava from C2 till os sacrum

Ligamenta intertransversia: from vertebrae thoracica prima till os sacrum

Ligamenta interspinalia: from C7 till os coccyx

28
Q

Say all the long ligaments?

A

Lig. Longitudinale anterius from c1 arcus to facies pelvina ossis sacri

Posterius: from C2 corpus till os sacrum

Lig. Supraspinale: from C7 till os coccyx

Lig. Nuchae from os occipitale to processus spinosus septima

29
Q

Which two ligaments are extensions of long ligaments?

A

Ligamentum sacrococcygeum posterius n´ anterius

30
Q

Which articulatio has capsule articularis?

A

Art. Atlantooccipitalis (condylus occipitalis & facies articularis superior atlas)

Art. Atlantoaxialis mediana anterius (fovea dentis & facies articularis anterior in dens axis)

& lateralis (massa lateralis Atlantis: facies articularis inferior atlas & facies articularis superior axis)

Art. Capitis costae (b. Facies articularis capitis costae & FOVEA COSTALIS SUPERIOR & INFERIOR)

31
Q

Rintalastan nivelpinnat ja ligamentit (thorax anterior)

A 
Articulationes sternocostales (incisura costalis 1-7
cartilago costalis 1-7 directly connected to sternum)

–> Ligamenta sternocostalia radiata: covers sternum anterior and posterior side

-> sisällä: ligamentum sternocostale intraarticulare

32
Q

Kylkiluiden väliset artikulaatiot ja membranet

A

Articulationes costochondrales

Membrana intercostales externae: between the adjacent cartilages anteriorly: sits b. Sternal end of ribs And costal cartilages extends to sternum.

Membrana intercostales internae: posteriorly between the vertebral ends of the ribs And extends to the vertebral column

Spatia intercostalia (space between ribs)

33
Q

angel between the
lower borders of cartilago costales as they
approach corpus sterni

A

Angulus infrasternalis

34
Q

A big groove/depression
of the corpus vetebralis on the posterior
side of the lung

A

Sulcus pulmonialis

35
Q

Chamber where the lungs are

A

Cavum thoracis

36
Q

Apertura thoraxis superior

A

Posterior: Corpus vertebrae thoracic T1
Lateral: Margo internus costae prima
Anterior: Cartilago costae prima, incisura
jugularis manubrium sterni

37
Q

Apertura thoraxis inferior

A

Posterior: Corpus vertebrae thoracic T12
Lateral: Margo internus costae XI and XII
Anterior: Cartilago costales VII – X, symphysis
xiphosternalis (art. between proc. xiphoideus
and corpus sterni)

38
Q

Thorax posterior articulatio and ligaments (in total 5)

A

Art. Costotransversia: b. Facies articularis tuberculi costae fovea costalis processus transversalis

-> ligamentum costotransversium laterale & superius

Art. Capitis costae: b. Facies articularis capitis costae and fovea costalis superior/inferior

-> ligamenta capitis costae radiatum

39
Q

How do you recognize vertebralis cervicalis 3-6 from other vertebralis?

A

It has divided processus spinosus

40
Q

How do you recognize which way is superior and inferior?! (For example in atlas)

A

The facies articularis superior is rough and inferior is flat

41
Q

1st rib connection

A

Synchondrosis (continous: cartilage = rusto) connection costae prima

42
Q

2nd- 7th rib connection?

A

Diarthrosis:

Articulatio sternocostales

43
Q

Sternum parts

A
  1. Manubrium sterni
  2. Incisura jugularis
  3. Incisura clavicularis
  4. Incisura costalis
  5. Corpus sterni
  6. Incisurae costales
  7. Processus xiphoideus
  8. Synchondrosis manubriosternalis
  9. Synchondrosis xiphosternalis
  10. Angulus sterni
44
Q

Columna vertebralis

A

Pars cervicalis columnae vertebralis

  • Lordosis cervicalis
  • 7 vertebrae cervicales

Pars thoracica columnae vertebralis

  • Kyphosis thoracica
  • 12 vertebrae thoracicae

Pars lumbalis columnae vertebralis

  • Lordosis lumbalis
  • 5 vertebrae lumbales

Pars sacralis (os sacrum) columnae vertebralis

  • Kyphosis sacralis
  • 5 vertebrae sacrales
Pars coccygea (os coccygis) columnae vertebralis
- 3 – 5 vertebrae coccygeae
45
Q

Vertebra cervicalis prima s. atlas

A
  1. Massa lateralis
  2. Fovea (Facies) articularis superior
  3. Facies articularis inferior
  4. Arcus anterior
  5. Fovea dentis
  6. Arcus posterior
  7. Sulcus arteriae vertebralis
  8. Tuberculum anterius
  9. Tuberculum posterius

Foramen processus transversi/transversarium
Foramen vertebrale

46
Q

Vertebra cervicalis secunda s. axis

A
  1. Dens
  2. Apex dentis
  3. Facies articularis anterior dentis
  4. Facies articularis posterior dentis

(Corpus, facies/processus articularis inferior, processus spinosus, foramen transversarium.)

47
Q

Vertebra cervicalis sexta = C6

A 
Corpus vertebrae
Facies articularis inferior/superior
processus articularis inferior
Processus spinosus
Processus articularis superior
Processus transverses
Foramen transversarium
Tuberculum posterius/anterius
Incisura vertebrais superior/inferior
Arcus vertebrae
sulcus nervi spinalis
48
Q

How do you recognise? Vertebra cervicalis septima s. vertebra prominens = C7

A

The processus spinosus is not like fork and it’s bigger.

Processus articularis superior/inferior
Processus spinosus
Processus transversus
Incisura vertebralis superior/inferior
Corpus vertebrae
49
Q

Vertebra thoracica

A
  1. Corpus vertebrae
  2. Arcus vertebrae
  3. Foramen vertebrale
  4. Canalis vertebralis
  5. Incisura vertebralis superior
  6. Incisura vertebralis inferior
  7. Foramen intervertebrale
  8. Processus articularis superior
  9. Facies articularis superior
  10. Processus articularis inferior
  11. Facies articularis inferior
  12. Processus transversus
  13. Processus spinosus
  14. Fovea costalis superior
  15. Fovea costalis inferior
  16. Fovea costalis processus transversalis
50
Q

thoracica prima, how do you recognise?

A

Fovea costalis superior FULL
inferior HALF
-“- processus transversi YES

51
Q

thoracica 2-9, how do you recognise?

A

Fovea costalis superior HALF
inferior HALF
-“- processus transversi YES

52
Q

thoracica decima, how do you recognise?

A

Fovea costalis superior HALF
inferior NO
-“- processus transversi YES

53
Q

thoracica undecima, how do you recognise? and from duodecima?

A

Fovea costalis superior FULL
inferior NO
-“- processus transversi NO

Processus articularis inferior lies FRONTALLY

54
Q

thoracica duodecima, how do you recognise? and from undecima?

A

Fovea costalis superior FULL
inferior NO
-“- processus transversi NO

It also looks a little bit different.. Compared to undecima Processus articularis inferior lies SAGITALLY (also processus mammilaris, processus accessorius

55
Q

How do you recognise Vertebra Lumbalis?

A
  • No fovea costalis
  • Heavy processus transversus and processus spinosus
  • Big corpus
  • Medially facing facies articularis superior
56
Q

Os sacrum

A
  1. Basis ossis sacri
  2. Apex ossis sacri
  3. Facies pelvina
  4. Foramina sacralia antriora
  5. Lineae transversae
  6. Promontorium
  7. Facies dorsalis
  8. Processus articularis superior
  9. Crista sacralis mediana
  10. Foramina sacralia posteriora
  11. Cornu sacrale
  12. Pars lateralis
  13. Facies auricularis
  14. Tuberositas sacralis
  15. Canalis sacralis
  16. Hiatus sacralis
  17. Crista sacralis medialis
  18. Crista sacralis lateralis
57
Q

Os coccygis

A
  1. Cornu coccygeum

20. Vertebrae coccygeae

58
Q

Costae: how is it divided and how do you name 1, 11 and 12?

A

Costae vera = 1. – 7.
Costae spuriae = 8. – 12.

Costa prima = 1.
Costa undecimal = 11.
Costa duodecima = 12.

59
Q

Costa 2. – 10. parts

A
  1. Caput costae
  2. Facies articularis capitis costae
  3. Crista capitis costae
  4. Collum costae
  5. Tuberculum costae
  6. Facies articularis tuberculi costae
  7. Corpus costae
  8. Margo superior
  9. Margo inferior
  10. Facies externa
  11. Facies interna
  12. Sulcus costae
  13. Angulus costae
60
Q

Costa 1., 11., 12. parts

A
  1. Facies superior
  2. Tuberculum m. scaleni anterioris
  3. Sulcus venae subclaviae
  4. Sulcus arteriae subclaviae
  5. Facies inferior
  6. Margo externus
  7. Margo internus
61
Q

Art. costotransversaria

A

Facies articularis tuberculi costae
Fovea costalis processus transversalis
- Lig. costotransversarium laterale et superius

62
Q

Art. capitis costae

A 
Facies articularis capitis costae
Fovea costalis superior
Fovea costalis inferior
- Lig. capitis costae radiatum
--> Capsula articularis strength facies articularis superior
and inferior

b. 2-7 rib

Anatomy (21 decks)

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