Science Lesson 1

Question 1

The Integumentary System is:

Answer 1

The system that forms an external covering for the body, which protects the deeper organs from insult and injury. Contains the skin, receptors and sweat glands.

Question 2

The Nervous System is:

Answer 2

The system that is a fast acting control for the entire body. It responds to internal and external changes to maintain homeostasis. Contains the brain, spinal cord, receptors and nerves.

Question 3

This system serves as the body’s major transportation system. It carries oxygen, nutrients, hormones, etc. to and from body cells. It contains the heart, vessels and blood. It is the __________.

Answer 3

Cardiovascular system

Question 4

This system joins two systems for function. It includes a framework for support and system of levers for movement. Contains bone, muscles, joints, ligaments and cartilage. It is the _____________.

Answer 4

Musculoskeletal system

Question 5

This system breaks down food into usable parts and rids the body of the non-usable parts. Contains the stomach and esophagus. It is the _______________________.

Answer 5

Digestive system

Question 6

This system eliminates nitrogenous waste from the body, regulates water and electrolyte balance and pH of blood. Contains the kidneys and bladder. It is the _____________________.

Answer 6

Urinary system

Question 7

This system supplies oxygen to the blood and removes carbon dioxide. Contains the lungs, trachea, pharynx and bronchi. It is the ____________.

Answer 7

Respiratory system

Question 8

This system is responsible for propagation of the species and passing of genes to offspring. Includes ovaries and testes. It is the ______________.

Answer 8

Reproductive system

Question 9

This system acts as an intermediary between the blood in the capillaries and the tissues. Includes the spleen and thymus. It is the ______________.

Answer 9

Lymphatic system

Question 10

This system protects the body from invading pathogens and includes an innate (general protection) and acquired defense (resistance to specific pathogens). It is the ______________.

Answer 10

Immune system

Question 11

This system is responsible for the elimination of waste products. Includes the skin, lungs, kidneys and large intestine. It is the ______________.

Answer 11

Excretory system

Question 12

This system controls homeostasis for the rest of the body. Uses glands to secrete hormones. It is the ______________.

Answer 12

Endocrine system

Question 13

The skin is ______________________to the heart.

Answer 13

Superficial

Question 14

The elbow is _____________________ to the shoulder.

Answer 14

Distal

Question 15

The ribs are _____________________ to the spine.

Answer 15

Lateral

Question 16

The eyes are _____________________ to the ears.

Answer 16

Medial

Question 17

The spine is ________________________ to the breast.

Answer 17

Posterior/ dorsal

Question 18

The small intestine is ___________________ to the lungs.

Answer 18

Inferior

Question 19

True or False – The hierarchy of vessels within the lymphatic system is as follows: capillaries to lymphatic vessels to lymphatic trunks to collecting ducts.

Answer 19

True

Question 20

What is the function of melatonin and what gland secretes it?

Answer 20

Affects sleep patterns; pineal gland

Question 21

What gland(s) is important in the development of immune response in newborns (T cells)?

Answer 21

Thymus gland

Question 22

True or False: The brain and spinal cord make up the peripheral nervous system (PNS).

Answer 22

False

Question 23

All of the following are functions of both the male and female reproductive systems EXCEPT:

Answer 23

Protect against foreign pathogens

Question 24

Which types of cells are bone forming cells?

Answer 24

Osteoblasts

Question 25

During this type of bone growth, mesenchymal (undifferentiated) cells are directly converted to bone?

Answer 25

Intramembranous ossification

Question 26

The true layer of skin is called the _________________________, which contains connective tissue, hair follicles and sweat glands.

Answer 26

Dermis

Question 27

All of the following are tastes sensed by the taste buds EXCEPT:

Answer 27

Acid

Question 28

The three main sections of the small intestine are ________________________, ___________________________, and _____________________.

Answer 28

duodenum, jejunum, and ileum

Question 29

What part of the digestive system 6 meters on average and is where 90 percent of the digestion and nutrient absorption take place?

Answer 29

Small Intestine

Question 30

Which body plane divides the tissue, organ, or body vertically into anterior and posterior parts?

Answer 30

Frontal/ coronal plane