Science Lesson 1 Flashcards
Biology, Anatomy, Physiology
The Integumentary System is:
The system that forms an external covering for the body, which protects the deeper organs from insult and injury. Contains the skin, receptors and sweat glands.
The Nervous System is:
The system that is a fast acting control for the entire body. It responds to internal and external changes to maintain homeostasis. Contains the brain, spinal cord, receptors and nerves.
This system serves as the body’s major transportation system. It carries oxygen, nutrients, hormones, etc. to and from body cells. It contains the heart, vessels and blood. It is the __________.
Cardiovascular system
This system joins two systems for function. It includes a framework for support and system of levers for movement. Contains bone, muscles, joints, ligaments and cartilage. It is the _____________.
Musculoskeletal system
This system breaks down food into usable parts and rids the body of the non-usable parts. Contains the stomach and esophagus. It is the _______________________.
Digestive system
This system eliminates nitrogenous waste from the body, regulates water and electrolyte balance and pH of blood. Contains the kidneys and bladder. It is the _____________________.
Urinary system
This system supplies oxygen to the blood and removes carbon dioxide. Contains the lungs, trachea, pharynx and bronchi. It is the ____________.
Respiratory system
This system is responsible for propagation of the species and passing of genes to offspring. Includes ovaries and testes. It is the ______________.
Reproductive system
This system acts as an intermediary between the blood in the capillaries and the tissues. Includes the spleen and thymus. It is the ______________.
Lymphatic system
This system protects the body from invading pathogens and includes an innate (general protection) and acquired defense (resistance to specific pathogens). It is the ______________.
Immune system
This system is responsible for the elimination of waste products. Includes the skin, lungs, kidneys and large intestine. It is the ______________.
Excretory system
This system controls homeostasis for the rest of the body. Uses glands to secrete hormones. It is the ______________.
Endocrine system
The skin is ______________________to the heart.
Superficial
The elbow is _____________________ to the shoulder.
Distal
The ribs are _____________________ to the spine.
Lateral
The eyes are _____________________ to the ears.
Medial
The spine is ________________________ to the breast.
Posterior/ dorsal
The small intestine is ___________________ to the lungs.
Inferior
True or False – The hierarchy of vessels within the lymphatic system is as follows: capillaries to lymphatic vessels to lymphatic trunks to collecting ducts.
True
What is the function of melatonin and what gland secretes it?
Affects sleep patterns; pineal gland
What gland(s) is important in the development of immune response in newborns (T cells)?
Thymus gland
True or False: The brain and spinal cord make up the peripheral nervous system (PNS).
False
All of the following are functions of both the male and female reproductive systems EXCEPT:
Protect against foreign pathogens
Which types of cells are bone forming cells?
Osteoblasts
During this type of bone growth, mesenchymal (undifferentiated) cells are directly converted to bone?
Intramembranous ossification
The true layer of skin is called the _________________________, which contains connective tissue, hair follicles and sweat glands.
Dermis
All of the following are tastes sensed by the taste buds EXCEPT:
Acid
The three main sections of the small intestine are ________________________, ___________________________, and _____________________.
duodenum, jejunum, and ileum
What part of the digestive system 6 meters on average and is where 90 percent of the digestion and nutrient absorption take place?
Small Intestine
Which body plane divides the tissue, organ, or body vertically into anterior and posterior parts?
Frontal/ coronal plane
