Schizophrenia Flashcards
What are some positive symptoms?
Hallucinations
Delusions
Agitation
Disorganised thinking
What are some negative symptoms?
Introversion
Apathy
Low self-esteem
Personal neglect
What are some cognitive symptoms?
Poor memory
Attention deficit
Executive dysfunction
What two (out of 5) things must schizophrenic patients have experienced?
Delusions Hallucinations Disorganised speech Disorganised or catatonic behaviour Negative symptoms
How long must schizophrenic signs last for?
6 months (one month of active symptoms)
What genes are associated with schizophrenia?
BDNF COMT DAOA Neuregulin 1 Dysbindin DISC1
What are the different classes of schizophrenia?
Paranoid Disorganised Catatonic Undifferentiated Residual
What is schizophrenia associated with?
decreased synaptic spines
What is schizophrenia associated with in the cortex?
decreased dendritic complexity
What happens with regard to the mesolimbic pathway in schizophrenia?
hyperactivity
What does schizophrenia cause hypoactivity in?
mesocortical pathway
What D1 receptors are known for treatment?
D1 and D5
What D2 receptors are known for treatment?
D2, 3 and 4
Give examples of schizophrenic treatment
Typical antipsychotics
Atypical antipsychotics
How do you test for Frontal cortical dysfunction?
Wisconsin Card Sorting Test
What happens in a MRI in schizophrenia?
Larger ventricles and
smaller mesial temporal lobe
structures
Where is there decreased activity in schizophrenia?
frontal activity
Why does schizophrenia start?
abnormalities in the formation and maturation of brain circuits
Give examples of typical antipsychotics
Chlorpromazine Haloperidol Thiorizadine Fluphenazine Trifluoperazine Flupentixol
What is the difference etween typical and atypical antipsychotics
Atypical antipsychotics may improve cognition
What activity do atypicals have?
Antagonistic activity at 5HT2 receptors
Give examples of atypical drugs
Clozapine Olanzapine Aripiprazole Paliperidone Resperidone
What are adverse effects of treatment?
Extrapyramidal symptoms Weight gain Dyslipidaemia T2 diabetes Allergic reactions Postural hypotension Dry mouth urinary retension Constipation
What is a medical emergency to do with schizophrenia?
Neuroleptic Malignant syndrome
What are causes of neuroleptic malignant syndrome?
Hyperpyrexia Muscle rigidity Tremor Confusion Autonomic instability
