Scapula

Question 1

Articulations

Answer 1

Humerus - Glenohumeral joint

Clavicle - Acromioclavicular

Question 2

Shape

Answer 2

Triangular

Question 3

Costal surface

Answer 3

Anterior (faces the ribcage)

Superolaterally - coracoid process

Question 4

Lateral surface

Answer 4

Faces the humerus

Articulates with the humerus at the glenoid fossa

Question 5

Glenoid fossa

Answer 5

A shallow cavity
Articulates with humerus to form glenohumeral joint
Supraglenoid tubercle - roughening superior to glenoid fossa (attachment of long head of biceps brachii)
Infraglenoid tubercle - roughening inferior to glenoid fossa (attachment of triceps brachii)

Question 6

Posterior surface

Answer 6

Spine - runs transversely across scapula, dividing surface in two
Infraspinous fossa - area below spine, origin of infraspinatus
Supraspinous fossa - area above spine, smaller than infraspinous, origin of supraspinatus
Acromion - projection from spine, arches over glenohumeral joint, articulates with clavicle at acromioclavicular joint

Question 7

Fractures of scapula

Answer 7

Relatively uncommon
Sign of severe chest trauma eg. high speed road collision, sports injury or crushing injuries
Doesn’t require much intervention, tone of surrounding muscles holds it in place to heal

Question 8

Winging of the scapula

Answer 8

Serratus anterior originates from ribs 2-8
Attaches to costal face of scapula, pulling it against ribs
Long thoracic nerve innervates serratus anterior
Damage to the nerve causes protrusion of the scapula

Question 9

Causes of winging of the scapula

Answer 9

Trauma
Repetitive movements
Structures becoming inflamed and pressing on nerve