Salmonella Flashcards

1
Q

gram
shape
lactose fermenter?
urease
TSI – smell, color
motile?
hemolysis?

A

gram negative
rod
lactose non fermenter
urease negative
H2S gas on TSI – rotten egg smell, black colonies
motile by peritrichous flagella
gamma hemolysis on blood agar

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2
Q

culture media

A

macconkey
eosin methylene blue
brilliant green
salmonella and shigella agar

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3
Q

which culture media are selective for salmonella

A

brilliant green
salmonella and shigella agar

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4
Q

habitat

A

normal digestive tract flora

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5
Q

transmission route
trasnmission of salmonella pullorum

A

oral fecal
transovarial in poultry – salmonella pullorum

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6
Q

which salmonella are non motile

A

s gallinarum and s pullorum

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7
Q

salmonella enterica subspecies

A

enterica I
salamae II
arizonae IIIa
diarazonae IIIa
houtane IV
indica VI

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8
Q

typhoidal enterica I

A

s typhi
s paratyphi

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9
Q

non typhoidal enterica I

A

s typhanimurium
s enteritidis

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10
Q

in cold blooded animals and the environemtn

A

salmonella enterica subsepcies
salamae II
arizonae IIIa
diarazonae IIIa
houtane IV
indica VI
salmonella bongori subspecies
subspecies V

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11
Q

host specific enterica I serotypes

A

typhi, paratyphi, sendal – humans
typhisuis – pigs
abortusovis – sheep
abortusequi – horse
gallinarum, pullorum – poultry
typhimurium DT2 – pigeons

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12
Q

host adapted subspecies of enterica I serotypes

A

cholerasuis – pigs
dublin – cows

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13
Q

zoonotic potential?

A

all salmonella excepts s gallinarum and s pullorum (specialized for birds)

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14
Q

which 3 salmonella are part of the 7 poultry priority diseases

A

s pullorum
s gallinarum
s enterica var enteritidis

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15
Q

what is different about s gallinarum and s pullorum

A

non motile, no flagella
specialized for birds, non zoonotic

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16
Q

what species is salmonella devastating in

A

poultry
equine

17
Q

adhesion structures

A

fimbriae (pili)
5-10 flagella
capsule
LPS (endotoxin) – lipid A – causes gangrene

18
Q

enzymes

A

catalase
superoxide dismutase – protect against ROS
siderophores – rob iron

19
Q

toxins

A

genome or plasmids at pathogenicity islands
T3SS
adhesins
invasins
hemagglutinins
exotoxins

20
Q

what does the intracellular invasion

21
Q

what induces intracellular multiplication in salomella containign vacuoles in the cytosol

22
Q

what is T3SS-1 encoded on, what does it do

A

encoded on SPI-1
inject virulence proteins into host cells, transfer bacterial factors for host cell invasion

23
Q

what is T3SS-2 encoded on, what does it do

A

encoded on SPI-2
transfer effector proteins for intracellular survival and multiplication

24
Q

what helps with intracellular invasion and spread to other cells

A

SCV formation in cytosol
T3SS-2
host actin filament deposition around salmonella using SifA

25
how does reinfection occur
bile excretion
26
majority of animals have what kind of infection
silent
27
disease in young poultry and by which species
viscous white diarrhea pasted at anal region s pullorum
28
disease in old poultry and by which species
watery to mucoid yellow diarrhea anemia pale shrunken combs and wattles S gallinarum (fowl typhoid)
29
diagnosis of salmonella
fecal cultuer followed by biochemical tests
30
treatment of salmonella
replace los fluids, electrolytes, acid base balance
31
why is antimicrobial use controversial
cure rate low risk of inducing carrier animals
32
why would you use antimicrobials
systemic infection
33
control and prevention
control of fecal contamination
34
vaccines
attenuated live against s gallinarum and s pullorum killed against s enteritidis in europe
35
medically important s enterica subspecies
s enterica subspecies enteric I
36
what organ do they prefer
intestines but can breach intestinal wall to infect other organs