Salmonella Flashcards
gram
shape
lactose fermenter?
urease
TSI – smell, color
motile?
hemolysis?
gram negative
rod
lactose non fermenter
urease negative
H2S gas on TSI – rotten egg smell, black colonies
motile by peritrichous flagella
gamma hemolysis on blood agar
culture media
macconkey
eosin methylene blue
brilliant green
salmonella and shigella agar
which culture media are selective for salmonella
brilliant green
salmonella and shigella agar
habitat
normal digestive tract flora
transmission route
trasnmission of salmonella pullorum
oral fecal
transovarial in poultry – salmonella pullorum
which salmonella are non motile
s gallinarum and s pullorum
salmonella enterica subspecies
enterica I
salamae II
arizonae IIIa
diarazonae IIIa
houtane IV
indica VI
typhoidal enterica I
s typhi
s paratyphi
non typhoidal enterica I
s typhanimurium
s enteritidis
in cold blooded animals and the environemtn
salmonella enterica subsepcies
salamae II
arizonae IIIa
diarazonae IIIa
houtane IV
indica VI
salmonella bongori subspecies
subspecies V
host specific enterica I serotypes
typhi, paratyphi, sendal – humans
typhisuis – pigs
abortusovis – sheep
abortusequi – horse
gallinarum, pullorum – poultry
typhimurium DT2 – pigeons
host adapted subspecies of enterica I serotypes
cholerasuis – pigs
dublin – cows
zoonotic potential?
all salmonella excepts s gallinarum and s pullorum (specialized for birds)
which 3 salmonella are part of the 7 poultry priority diseases
s pullorum
s gallinarum
s enterica var enteritidis
what is different about s gallinarum and s pullorum
non motile, no flagella
specialized for birds, non zoonotic
what species is salmonella devastating in
poultry
equine
adhesion structures
fimbriae (pili)
5-10 flagella
capsule
LPS (endotoxin) – lipid A – causes gangrene
enzymes
catalase
superoxide dismutase – protect against ROS
siderophores – rob iron
toxins
genome or plasmids at pathogenicity islands
T3SS
adhesins
invasins
hemagglutinins
exotoxins
what does the intracellular invasion
T3SS-1
what induces intracellular multiplication in salomella containign vacuoles in the cytosol
T3SS-2
what is T3SS-1 encoded on, what does it do
encoded on SPI-1
inject virulence proteins into host cells, transfer bacterial factors for host cell invasion
what is T3SS-2 encoded on, what does it do
encoded on SPI-2
transfer effector proteins for intracellular survival and multiplication
what helps with intracellular invasion and spread to other cells
SCV formation in cytosol
T3SS-2
host actin filament deposition around salmonella using SifA
how does reinfection occur
bile excretion
majority of animals have what kind of infection
silent
disease in young poultry and by which species
viscous white diarrhea pasted at anal region
s pullorum
disease in old poultry and by which species
watery to mucoid yellow diarrhea
anemia
pale shrunken combs and wattles
S gallinarum (fowl typhoid)
diagnosis of salmonella
fecal cultuer followed by biochemical tests
treatment of salmonella
replace los fluids, electrolytes, acid base balance
why is antimicrobial use controversial
cure rate low
risk of inducing carrier animals
why would you use antimicrobials
systemic infection
control and prevention
control of fecal contamination
vaccines
attenuated live against s gallinarum and s pullorum
killed against s enteritidis in europe
medically important s enterica subspecies
s enterica subspecies enteric I
what organ do they prefer
intestines
but can breach intestinal wall to infect other organs
