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Pediatric and Superficial Structures > Salivary Glands > Flashcards

Salivary Glands Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 major glands?

A
  1. Sublingual
  2. SMG
  3. Parotid
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2
Q

What is sialolithiasis?

A

Stones in the salvary gland ducts

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3
Q

What is the largest gland?

A

Parotid

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4
Q

Where does the parotid gland lie?

A

Anterior and inferior to the ear

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5
Q

What is another name for the parotid gland duct?

A

Stensen

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6
Q

What gland are tumors and neoplasms most common in?

A

Parotid

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7
Q

SF of parotid gland?

A
  1. Homogenous
  2. Echogenic compared to surrounding muscle
  3. Superficial
  4. Deep lobe is not well seen
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8
Q

What is another name for sublingual gland duct?

A
  1. Collection of 8-20 different ducts and are collectively known as “Rivinus duct”.
  2. The largest of the Rivinus ducts = BARTHOLIN duct
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9
Q

SF of sublingual gland?

A
  1. Homogenous
  2. Triangle shape
  3. Echogenic compared to surrounding muscle
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10
Q

Where does the SMG lie in relation to mandible?

A

Medial

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11
Q

What gland produces the most saliva in the mouth?

A

SMG

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12
Q

What gland does not contain lymph nodes?

A

SMG

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13
Q

Which artery is known to course through the SMG?

A

Facial artery

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14
Q

SF of SMG?

A
  1. Homogenous
  2. Echogenic
  3. Superficial
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15
Q

What is the most common disease of the salivary gland?

A

Sialolithiasis

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16
Q

Which gland is the most common site for sialolithiasis?

A

SMG

17
Q

What population is sialolithiasis most common?

A

Males aged 30-60

18
Q

SF of sialolithiasis?

A
  1. Echogenic focus
  2. Possible enlarged duct
  3. Possibly stone shadowing
  4. Enlarged gland
19
Q

What is sialadenitis?

A

Inflammation of salivary glands

20
Q

SF of acute vs chronic sialadenitis?

A

Acute:
1. Enlarged
2. Hypoechoic
3. Hyperemic
4. Duct dilation

Chronic:
1. Atrophy
2. Hypoechoic with irregular margins

21
Q

What is the most common salivary gland tumor and location?

A

Pleomorphic adenoma in the parotid gland

22
Q

What tumor is AKA “benign mixed tumor”?

A

Pleomorphic adenoma in parotid gland

23
Q

What two risk factors are associated with pleomorphic adenoma?

A
  1. Middle age
  2. Prior radiation to the neck
24
Q

SF of pleomorphic adenoma?

A
  1. Hypoechoic with posterior enhancement
  2. Poorly encapsulated
25
Q

What gland is the most common site for Warthin’s tumor?

A

Parotid gland

26
Q

Is Warthin’s tumor benign or malignant?

A

Benign

27
Q

What two risk factors are associated with Warthin’s tumor?

A
  1. Smoking
  2. Radiation
28
Q

SF of Warthin’s tumor?

A
  1. Ovoid, well-defined with cystic spaces
  2. Hypoechoic
  3. Hypervascular
29
Q

What SF are more indicative of Warthin’s tumor vs pleomorphic adenoma?

A

Hypervascularity and cystic components

30
Q

In what tumor do larger lesions (>5cm) usually have more cystic components?

A

Warthin’s tumor

31
Q

What is Sjogren syndrome?

A

Autoimmune disease of the exocrine glands that produce tears or saliva

32
Q

What is the 2nd most common autoimmune disease after rheumatoid arthritis?

A

Sjogren syndrome

33
Q

CP of sjogren syndrome?

A
  1. xeropthalmia
  2. xerostomia
  3. Bilateral parotid enlargement
34
Q

Early vs late SF of sjogren syndrome?

A

Early:
1. Normal or enlarged gland
2. Hypoechoic

Later:
1. Atrophic gland
2. Multi-cystic appearance

35
Q

What disease is considered to be on the IgG4-related disease spectrum?

A

Mikulicz syndrome

36
Q

Mikulicz syndrome criteria?

A

Non-specific inflammatory enlargement of at least 2 or more of the salivary or lacrimal glands

37
Q

CP of Mikulicz syndrome?

A
  1. Bilaterally painless
  2. Bilateral inflammation of lacrimal or salivary galnds
  3. Xeropthalmia
  4. Xerostomia
38
Q

Which diseases include both the salivary AND lacrimal glands?

A
  1. Sjogren syndrome
  2. Mikulicz syndrome
39
Q

What is the most common cause of Sjogren syndrome?

A

Autoimmune disorder

Pediatric and Superficial Structures (23 decks)

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