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Pediatric and Superficial Structures > Breast Implants > Flashcards

Breast Implants Flashcards

1
Q

Are cosmetic implants typically subglandular or submuscular?

A

Subglandular AKA prepectoral

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2
Q

What implant location are primarily for placement of tissue expanders or following a mastectomy?

A

Submuscular or retropectoral

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3
Q

What type of implant fluid has a single anechoic lumen and an anterior filling port to allow fluid expansion?

A

Saline

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4
Q

What are the most common type of silicone implant?

A

Single lumen - come in prefilled sizes

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5
Q

What are the two main types of silicone implants?

A
  1. Single lumen - prefilled
  2. Double lumen - Has separate silicone and saline chambers and an echogenic membrane separates the chambers
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6
Q

What is contained in a double lumen silicone implant vs. a single lumen?

A

A saline portion with a filling port

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7
Q

As response to a foreign object in the body, what will form around the implant?

A

Fibrous capsule

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8
Q

What type of implant will have a more pronounced fibrous capsule?

A

Silicone

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9
Q

What is the specific term used for the sonographic appearance of an implant?

A

Capsule-shell-echo complex - 2 smooth echogenic lines with an adjacent fibrous capsule (3 echogenic lines)

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10
Q

What type of artifact creates a band of false echoes across the anterior lumen of the implant?

A

Reverb artifact

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10
Q

What type of artifact creates a band of false echoes across the anterior lumen of the implant?

A

Reverb artifact

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11
Q

Explain the propagation speed artifact with silicone implants.

A

Beams travel through silicone at 1000m/s (slower than through soft tissue), placing structures behind the implant DEEPER in the body than they actually are

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12
Q

T or F? Linear infolding of an implant seen on ultrasound is normal?

A

TRUE - may mimic a double lumen implant or intracapsular rupture

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13
Q

What is it called when you see reactive fluid between the shell & the fibrous capsule of an implant?

A

Peri-implant effusion

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14
Q

What is capsular contracture?

A

When the capsule becomes hardened and thickened and immobile

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15
Q

In what type of implant is capsular contracture more common?

A

Silicone

16
Q

Capsular contracture is thought to be due to what?

A

Excessive reaction to the foreign body response from the implant

17
Q

Name the 3 main implant complications and what they are.

A
  1. Capsular contracture - thickening and hardening of the capsule
  2. Focal herniation - a crack/defect in the implant that leaks fluid
  3. Peri-implant seroma abscess or hematoma - due to implant surgery, trauma, infection
18
Q

What two tests are most sensitive to SILICONE determining implant integrity over time?

A
  1. MRI
  2. Sonography
19
Q

What type of implant is more commonly susceptible to rupture?

A

Saline

20
Q

Why can x-ray visualize saline implants but not silicone?

A

Silicone blocks x-ray penetration

21
Q

Silicone implant failure is known to cause what two kinds of rupture?

A
  1. Intra-capsular rupture (ICR)
  2. Extra-capsular rupture (ECR)
22
Q

What is the most common type of silicone implant rupture?

A

INTRA-capsular - contained within the fibrous capsule

23
Q

What is the main difference between an intra- and extra-capsular rupture?

A

ICR - contained within the fibrous capsule

ECR - not contained

24
Q

What sign on sonography is associated with significant silicone ICR?

A

“Step-ladder” sign

25
Q

What sign on MRI is associated with silicone ICR?

A

Linguine sign

26
Q

What classifies an ECR in a silicone implant?

A
  1. Defect in both the implant shell AND fibrous capsule - fluid leaks into the surrounding breast tissue and can be taken up by nearby lymph nodes
27
Q

What is the common sonographic appearance of an ECR?

A

“Echogenic noise” sign or “snowstorm” appearance

Pediatric and Superficial Structures (23 decks)

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