Abdominal Wall and Chest Anatomy Flashcards
What is fascia composed of? (3)
- Fibrous tissue network
- Rich supply of blood vessels and nerves
- Lack of notable strength
What is known as: layers of flat tendinous fibrous sheets with strong CT?
Aponeuroses
What serves as tendons to attach muscles to fixed points?
Aponeuroses
T or F? Aponeuroses have a rich supply of blood vessels and nerves?
FALSE: fascia does
What is an example of aponeuroses?
Rectus sheath
What layers is fascia composed of?
- Superficial
- Deep
What muscle acts to draw the linea alba inferiorly?
Pyramidalis
What muscles do the rectus sheath encase? (2)
- Pyramidalis
- Rectus abdominis
What structure separates the R and L rectus abdominis muscles?
Linea alba
What is the term for a passage between the abdominal wall formed during fetal development?
Inguinal canal
What is the umbilical ring?
Defect in the linea alba at the umbilicus
What does the arcuate line represent?
An imaginary line that refers to the transition where there is no longer rectus sheath
Where is the rectus sheath located in terms of the arcuate line?
ABOVE the arcuate line
What is below the arcuate line?
Transversalis fascia - absence of the posterior layer of the rectus sheath
Why are abscesses and hematomas inferior to the arcuate line more easily ruptured?
There is no rectus sheath posteriorly, below the arcuate line
Where is the inguinal canal in relation to the inguinal ligament?
Medial and superior
What is contained in the inguinal canal in males and females?
Males - spermatic cord
Females - round uterine ligament
The deep ring of the inguinal canal is an opening in what structure?
Transversalis fascia
The superficial ring of the inguinal canal is an opening in what structure?
V-shaped opening in the external oblique aponeurosis
What muscle is known as the “kidney bed”?
Quadratus lumborum
Which dome of the diaphragm is slightly higher? Why?
Right side due to the liver
Are the diaphragm crus anterior or posterior to the aorta?
Anterior
What diaphragmatic crus is larger and longer?
Right side
Which hiatus passes through the two crura in the diaphragm?
Aortic hiatus
What are the 3 openings/hiatus in the diaphragm?
- Caval
- Esophageal
- Aortic
What is a diaphragmatic slip? Is it normal?
Prominent muscle insertion that may appear as a mass in the liver - turn SAG to elongate the hyperechoic bands - it is NORMAL
What is the term for a space in the chest that contains the pericardial cavity, esophagus, great vessels, etc.?
Mediastinum - is between the pleural cavities (lungs)
