Abdominal Wall and Chest Anatomy

Question 1

What is fascia composed of? (3)

Answer 1

1. Fibrous tissue network
2. Rich supply of blood vessels and nerves
3. Lack of notable strength

Question 2

What is known as: layers of flat tendinous fibrous sheets with strong CT?

Answer 2

Aponeuroses

Question 3

What serves as tendons to attach muscles to fixed points?

Answer 3

Aponeuroses

Question 4

T or F? Aponeuroses have a rich supply of blood vessels and nerves?

Answer 4

FALSE: fascia does

Question 5

What is an example of aponeuroses?

Answer 5

Rectus sheath

Question 6

What layers is fascia composed of?

Answer 6

1. Superficial
2. Deep

Question 7

What muscle acts to draw the linea alba inferiorly?

Answer 7

Pyramidalis

Question 8

What muscles do the rectus sheath encase? (2)

Answer 8

1. Pyramidalis
2. Rectus abdominis

Question 9

What structure separates the R and L rectus abdominis muscles?

Answer 9

Linea alba

Question 10

What is the term for a passage between the abdominal wall formed during fetal development?

Answer 10

Inguinal canal

Question 11

What is the umbilical ring?

Answer 11

Defect in the linea alba at the umbilicus

Question 12

What does the arcuate line represent?

Answer 12

An imaginary line that refers to the transition where there is no longer rectus sheath

Question 13

Where is the rectus sheath located in terms of the arcuate line?

Answer 13

ABOVE the arcuate line

Question 14

What is below the arcuate line?

Answer 14

Transversalis fascia - absence of the posterior layer of the rectus sheath

Question 15

Why are abscesses and hematomas inferior to the arcuate line more easily ruptured?

Answer 15

There is no rectus sheath posteriorly, below the arcuate line

Question 16

Where is the inguinal canal in relation to the inguinal ligament?

Answer 16

Medial and superior

Question 17

What is contained in the inguinal canal in males and females?

Answer 17

Males - spermatic cord
Females - round uterine ligament

Question 18

The deep ring of the inguinal canal is an opening in what structure?

Answer 18

Transversalis fascia

Question 19

The superficial ring of the inguinal canal is an opening in what structure?

Answer 19

V-shaped opening in the external oblique aponeurosis

Question 20

What muscle is known as the “kidney bed”?

Answer 20

Quadratus lumborum

Question 21

Which dome of the diaphragm is slightly higher? Why?

Answer 21

Right side due to the liver

Question 22

Are the diaphragm crus anterior or posterior to the aorta?

Answer 22

Anterior

Question 23

What diaphragmatic crus is larger and longer?

Answer 23

Right side

Question 24

Which hiatus passes through the two crura in the diaphragm?

Answer 24

Aortic hiatus

Question 25

What are the 3 openings/hiatus in the diaphragm?

Answer 25

1. Caval
2. Esophageal
3. Aortic

Question 26

What is a diaphragmatic slip? Is it normal?

Answer 26

Prominent muscle insertion that may appear as a mass in the liver - turn SAG to elongate the hyperechoic bands - it is NORMAL

Question 27

What is the term for a space in the chest that contains the pericardial cavity, esophagus, great vessels, etc.?

Answer 27

Mediastinum - is between the pleural cavities (lungs)