Miscellaneous Lymph Nodes Flashcards
Lymphadenopathy vs Lymphadenitis?
Lymphadenopathy - abnormal size or consistency due to inflammation, primary neoplasia, or mets
Lymphadenitis - enlargement specific to inflammation (will typically keep nodal shape and fatty hilum)
What will lymphadenitis keep as their sonographic features, whereas lymphadenopathy does not?
Oval shape and fatty hilum
SF of an abnormal lymph node?
- Increased size
- Hypoechoic
- Round instead of oval
- Asymmetric cortical thickness
- Chaotic vascularity
- Loss of fatty hilum
SF of metastatic lymph node?
- Echogenic
- Heterogenous
What group of axillary lymph nodes receive most lymph drainage?
Anterior (pectoral) group
What are the 5 classifications of axillary lymph nodes?
- Anterior (pectoral) group - receives most lymph drainage
- Posterior (subscapular)
- Lateral (axillary vein)
- Central - most superficial and easy to palpate
- Apical (medial, infraclavicular)
Where do the superficial inguinal lymph nodes live?
Immediately inferior to the inguinal ligament
Where do the deep inguinal lymph nodes live?
Medial to the femoral vein
Are there typically more superficial or deep lymph nodes in the groin?
More superficial nodes
What is the superolateral border of the popliteal fossa?
Medial side of the biceps femoris
What is the superomedial border of the popliteal fossa?
Lateral border of semimembranosus muscle
What is the inferior border of the popliteal fossa?
Gastrocnemius - medial and lateral heads
What is the floor of the popliteal fossa?
Knee
What is the roof of the popliteal fossa?
Skin, subcutaneous fascia, tissue
What contents are included in the popliteal fossa?
- Fat
- Pop artery
- Pop vein
- Tibial nerve
- Peroneal nerve
- Posterior femoral cutaneous nerve
- SSV
- Popliteal lymph nodes
Where are bakers cysts located in the popliteal fossa?
Between the medial head of the gastroc muscle and the semimembranousus tendon
T or F? Bakers cysts have communication with the knee joint?
TRUE
SF of a bakers cyst?
- Well defined cysts with a NECK extending into the joint space between the medial head of the gastroc muscle and the semimembranosus tendon
- Anechoic
- Could have debris
- Avascular
Are popliteal artery aneurysms more common in males or females?
MALES
Popliteal artery aneurysms have a strong association with what?
AAA
How can you tell a popliteal artery aneurysm from a bakers cyst?
TURN ON CD
SF of popliteal artery aneurysm?
- Dilation of the artery
- Possible plaques
- Colour within the true lumen
What is cystic adventitial disease?
Mucinous cyst within the adventitia of the vessel wall
SF of cystic adventitial disease?
- Anechoic or hypoechoic lesion on arterial wall
- Possible arterial stenosis
How large can lipomas be?
2-10cm
