SA- all in the skull Flashcards
is there is an incr in CO2 or a decr in O2 cerebral bl vessels will _____
dilate
damage to PICA = _____ sx
S/s:_______
wallenberg sx
s/s: Ipsi loss of (s) to face, contra loss of (s) to body
_____ art. off the vert. art. supplies bl to the anterior 2/3 of the SC
____ art. off the radicular art. supplies bl to the posterior 1/3 of the SC
anterior 2/3rd: anterior spinal art.
posterior 1/3rd: posterior spinal art.
R. carotid art. comes off the ____
Left carotid art. comes off the ___
Bifurcates at:_____
R.: R. Brachiocephalic
L: Aorta
bifurcates at: C3/4
The great cerebral V. of galen drains into the ____ sinus
superior cerebral V. goes int the ____ sinus –> found in the falx cerebri
great cerebral v= straight sinus “Great is staight”
superior cerebral V= superior sagittal sinus
“Superior is superior”
Name the flow of the CSF
Lateral ventricles–> foramen monroe–> 3rd ventricle –> cerebral aqueduct of sylvius –> 4th ventricle –> foramen of magendie & foramen of Lushka –> reabsorbed in arachnoid villi in superior sagittal sinus
damage to middle meningeal art. = ______ hemorrhage
epidural hemorrhage
damage to venous system= ______hemorrhage
subdural hemorrhage
Beri aneurysm = ______ hemorrhage
subarachnoid hemorrhage
Rubrospinal = _____ nucleus
fxn: _____
rubrospinal = Red Nucleus
fxn: prox. M flexors of upper and lower ext.
fxn of the reticulospinal tract?
Extensor M of back and arms
except: back muscles innervated by a plexus
Fxn of the tectospinal tract
also contains the superior and inferior colliculus
- fxn:
Neck Muscles
superior colliculus: reflex to light
inferior colliculus: sound
______ tract goes to the EXTENSOR M’s of the back and legs.
It also supplies the medial longitudinal fascicullus
Vestibulospinal tract
____ motor neurons are ____ fibers for tone of the back extensors
gamma motor neurons
intrafusal fibers for tone
______ tract is for the FLEXORS of the Distal Ext.
Corticospinal (pyramids)
Lateral decussates at: medulla
Ventral decussates at: spinal level
The corticospinal tract for the FLEXORS of the DISTAL ext. decussates:
Lateral tract:____
Ventral tract: ____
Lateral: at the medulla
Ventral: at the spinal level
Proximal muscle flexors of the UE/LE:____ tract
Distal muscle flexors of teh UE/LE: ___tract
Prox: Rubrospinal tract
Distal: Corticospinal tract
____ tract: extensors for the back and ARMS:
_____ tract: extensors for the back and LEGS
Back and arms: Reticulospinal
Back and legs: vestibulospinal
____ fibers are for movement of the muscles. Muscles will use ____ motor neurons for movement
extrafusal fibers= movement
alpha motor neurons
(tone= intrafusal fibers, gamma motor neurons)
_____ blocks pn that comes through the spinothalamic tract
location: Rexed lamina ___
____ tract goes through it
substantia gelatinosa
location: rexed lamina II
tract: tract of lissauer
Name the stucture at each location of the rexed lamina:
II: \_\_\_\_\_ VII:\_\_\_\_ VIII:\_\_\_\_ IX:\_\_\_\_ X:\_\_\_\_
II: Substantia gelatinosa (blocks pn) VII: Nucleus dorsalis of clark VIII: Anterior horn, alpha motor (movement) IX: Anterior horn, gamma motor (tone) X: grey commissure (central canal)
_____ are the receptors for the spinothalamic tract
Fiber type:____
Free naked N endings
type: unmyelinated C fibers
The lateral spinalthalamic tract synapses in the posterior horn in “tract of_____” at the ______
tract of lissauers in the substantia gelatinosa (rexed laminae II)
Where does the lateral spinalthalamic tract decussate across to?
It then travels up the lateral spinothalamic tract to –> _______ –>ends at: ____
Lamina 7
VPL of contra thalamus –> contra cortex
cc: MC location for the central canal to be dilated at in syringomyelia
It cuts of the ____ tracts
MC location: C5/C6
cuts the spinalthalamic tracts
_____ fibers are for fast pain
A-delta fibers
Fxn of the receptors for the dorsal column:
Meissner’s/ Merkel’s = ______
Pacinian=_______
Ruffini=_____
Meissner’s/ Merkel’s = Touch
Pacinian= vibration
Ruffini= joint position
Where is the decussation for the posterior columns
Medial lemniscus
Name the 3 lobes of the Cerrebellum:
_____: balance of spine
_____: balance for arms & legs
____: How the cerebellum talks to cortex
Flocculonodular : balance of spine
Anterior lobe : balance for arms & legs
Posterior lobe : How the cerebellum talks to cortex
The nuclei of the cerebellum: \_\_\_\_\_: spine \_\_\_\_\_: proximal jts (Ex: GH) \_\_\_\_\_: Middle jts (EX: Elbow) \_\_\_\_\_: distal jts (ex: digits)
Fastigal: spine
Globus : proximal jts (Ex: GH)
Emboliform: Middle jts (EX: Elbow)
Dentate: distal jts (ex: digits)
Spinocerebellar pathways are for carrying_______
receptors: ____ & ____
unconscious proprioception
(dont have to think about balancing while walking)
Receptors: Annulospiral and flower spray
name the 3 tracts of the Spinocerebellar pathways?
Ipsi/ contra?
- Spino-olivary tract
- Dorsal spinocerebellar
- ventral spinocerebellum: decussates at spinal level –> decusates back at SCP
All are ipsi
______ in the midbrain contains the cerebral aqueduct
and CN3 & 4
Tegmentum
Communication of the cerebellum: Superior Peduncle to the \_\_\_\_ Middle peduncle to the \_\_\_ Inferior peduncle to the \_\_\_ \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ info to the cortex:\_\_\_\_\_\_ info back to the cerebellum:\_\_\_ info from the SC and body:\_\_\_\_
Superior Peduncle to the: Midbrain
Middle peduncle to the: Pons
Inferior peduncle to the: Medulla
_________________________
info to the cortex: superior peduncle
info back to the cerebellum: middle peduncle
info from the SC and body: inferior peduncle
Temoralis: OIA
O: temporal fossa
I: coronoid of mandible
A: close jaw
Masseter: OIA
O: Zygomatic
I: Enternal angle of jaw
A: Close jaw
Internal. medial pterygoid: OIA
O: Medial pterygoid process
I: Internal angle of jaw
A: Close jaw
External/ lateral pterygoid: OIA
O: Lateral pterygoid process
I: Disc of the TMJ & condyle of mandible
A: opens/ depresses jaw, prtrude jaw
CN 5 = _____gg
gasserian gg
Sensory goes through the ____ to reach the thalamus
VPM
____N meets with CN5 V1 at the back of the head
C2 “great occipital N”
Dorsal columns sensation for the face synapse at the ______ nucleus
main trigeminal sensory nucleus
Pain at temperature for the face joins the ____ tract
spinothalamic tract
down SC to 1st segment-> joins with spinothalamic tract
Pain and temp. of the face joins the spinothalamic tract at the ___ nucleus
Subnucleus caudalis
CN 1:
foramina?
bone ?
foramina: cribriform
bone: ethmoid
CN 3,4,V1,6:
foramina?
bone ?
foramina: superior orbital fissure
bone : sphenoid
CN2:
foramina?
bone ?
foramina: Optic foramen
bone: sphenoid
CN V1, V2, V3
foramina?
bone ?
V1: superior orbital fissure/ sphenoid bone
V2: For. rotundum/ sphenoid
V3: Foramen ovale/ Sphenoid
CN7:
foramina?
bone ?
foramina: Internal auditory meatus–> styloid foramen
bone: temporal bone
CN 8:
foramina?
bone ?
foramina: Internal auditory meatus
bone: temporal
CN 9,10,11
foramina?
bone ?
foramina: Jugular foramen
bone: temporal/ occiput
CN 12:
foramina?
bone ?
foramina: hypoglossal foramen
bone: occiput
