Micro bio- intro stuff Flashcards by brittany treadway

Ig___: secretory AB. Mucous membranes

IgA

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Ig___: breast milk

IgA

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Ig__: assists IgG

IgM

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Ig___: Parasitic infections, allergic rxn (type II)

IgE

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Ig___: increases in Hodgkin’s dz (Reed-Sternberg cells)

IgE

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Ig___: first to increase during second exposure / most numerous

IgG

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Ig___: crosses the placenta

cc: attacks the fetus’ blood

IgG

cc: Coomb anemia

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Ig___: have dz then bd remembers it for next time

IgG

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Ig___: largest and heaviest

IgM

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Ig___: first to increase during first time exposure

Ig___: first to increase during second time exposure

first time: IgM

Second time: IgG

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Ig__& ___: found on the surface of B cells

IgD & IgM

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Ig___: opsonizes bacteria

IgG

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IL-___:lymphocyte activator

Made by macrophages

Fxn: __ & ___ tiss

IL-I

fxn: brain and NS

(IL-I–> hypothalmus –> incr endogenous fever)

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IL-___: T-cell growth factors

made by CD4

IL-II

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What makes these?
IL-I
IL-II
IL-III
IL-12

IL-I: macrophages (brain & NS)
IL-II: CD4 (T-cell growth)
IL-III: bone marrow
IL- 12: macrophages (NKC’s)

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IL-_____: activates NKC’s

produced by macrophages

IL-12

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______: acts as a post on the surface for a cell. plays a roll in tiss graft rejection and organ rejection

MHC: major histocompatibility complex

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IL-_____: promotes the growth of B cells

IL-4

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IL-_____: stimulates the differentiation of B cells

IL- 5

IL-4: promotes the growth of B cells

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Name the 6 gram + organisms

BLCCSS (Blocks)
Bacillus
Listeria monocytogenes
clostridium 
corynebacterium diphtheriae
Staph 
strep

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5 dz caused by staph aureus

STOIC: 
Scalded skin sx
toxic shock 
osteomyelitis 
impetigo (infection around childs mouth) 
carbuncles (infected hair follicles)

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6 dz. caused by strep pyogenes

SERGIS: 
Strep throat
erysipelas (superficial cellulitis) 
Rheumatic fever
Glomerulonephritis
Impetigo
Scarlet fever

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Complement system: 
C1-C4:\_\_\_\_\_\_
C3b:\_\_\_\_\_
C3a,C4a, C5a:\_\_\_\_
C5a:\_\_\_\_\_\_
C5b,C6, C7, C9: \_\_\_\_\_

C1-C4:toxin neutratization
C3b: opsinization
C3a,C4a, C5a: anaphylaxis 
C5a: Neutrophil chemotaxis 
C5b,C6, C7, C9: Cell lysis (membrane attack complex)

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Which components of the compliment system make up the membrane attck complex

C5b-C9

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Aschoff= ___

Rheumatic fever (Mcallums patch)

Babes Ernst Granules=_____

Metachromatic granules dz:diphtheria (upper respiratory- babies)

Councilman cell=____

Viral hepatitis

Downey cell =_____

mononucleosis --> atypical lymphocyte | dont get down that you have mono

Epithelioid hystiocyte=

Gohn complex =_____

TB (inactive stage) | Ca+ jail around mycobacterium

Guarneri bodies= ___

Small pox (variola)

Gummas= ____

tertiary syphilis | syphilis takes away your gum-mas

Koplik spots=___ location:____

Measles (Rubeola) location: buccal mucosa - white bluish spots

Lipofuscin=____

"old age pigment" lipid residue Brown's atrophy: a build up of lipofuscins in organs

Lewy bodies=_____

parkinsons dz

Mallory bodies=____

Hepatitis (alchy)

Negri bodies =____

rabies (hydrophobia)

Reed Sternberg= _____

hodgkin's

Ressell bodies=____

in plasma cells. Consits of AB from chronic inflam ass. with: multiple myeloma

Give two ex. of Natural passive immunity

1. in utero= IgG | 2. Breastfeeding= IgA

____: pre-made AB attacks circulating toxins, not bound toxins (artificial passive immunity)

tatanus antitoxins

____: injection of atteneuated org., the inactive portion that triggers immune system to make AB (active artificial immunity)

tetanus toxoid

name the 4 types of hypersensitivity

type 1: anaphylactic (15-30 min) type 2: cytoxic(min to hrs) type 3: immune-complex mediated (3-10 hrs) type 4: delayed hyper-sensitivity (48 hrs)

cells that attack during type 1 hypersensitivity

IgE Mast cells basophils

cells that attack during type II hypersensitivity

IgG | antigens + AB

cells that attack during type III hypersensitivity

IgG & complement | antigens + AB + complements

cells that attack during type IV hypersensitivity

T cells | Lymphocytes

___ test: uses salmonella typhimurium to test if a chemical is carcinogenic

Amer Test

___test: anthrax

ascholi test

____test: tests strep pyogenes AB for Rheumatic fever

ASO tilter

_____ test: pneumococci vs. alpha hemolytic strep viridans

Bile solubility

____ test: best test for water polution

BOD

_____ test: staph (cat +) vs. strep (cat-)

catalase

____ culture: virus culture . the virus cant grow on the agar

chick embryo culture

_____ test: staph aureus (coag +) vs. staph (coag-)

coagulase

______: checks E. coli in water purification. Fecal contamination in water

colliform

_______: tests RBC antigens. Hemolytic anemia. Erythroblastosis fetalis, RH factor

Coombs

______ test: scarlet fever

Dick test

_____ stain: for protozoa

giemsa stain

_____ test: seronegative arthritides

HLA B 27 (PEAR: psoriatic, enteropathic arthropathy (AS with ulcerative colitis or Crohns), AS, reiters

HLA DR5/ CD4: will be tested for ______

AIDS

______ salt test: for staph

mannitol salt

________test: heterophile agglutination test for mono

Paul Bunnel

______ rxn : swelling of capsule of strep pneumoniae

Quellung | lung = pneumoniae, quellung= swelling

____ agar: test for fungi

Sabouraud agar

____ test: immunity to diphtheria

schick test

______ rxn: antitoxin rxn to scarlet fever

Schultz-carlton rxn

___test: virus culture serology test. positive for all Rickettsia except Coxiella burnettii (Q fever)

Weil Felix

_____ test: tyhoid fever

Widal test

____ test: looks for altered epithelioid cells herpes zoster & simplex, also varicella

Tzank test

TB tests: _____ test: skin prick test _____ staining: demonstrates that it is an acid fast organism Chest xray: looks for _____ ______ vaccine

Mantoux test (aka tine test) : skin prick Zeihl Nielson staining Chest x ray: Gohn complex Bacillus Calmette Guerin Vaccine

___ AB is seen in mononucleosis

Heterophile AB

type of vaccine used for salf, rabies

Inactivated

type of vaccine used for tetanus & botulism

Toxoid

type of vaccine used for measles, mumps, rubella, sabin

live attenuated

``` Color of pus: Blue/ green: ___ Red:_____ White:____ Yellow:_____ yellow/green:_____ ```

``` Blue/ green: pseudomonas aeruginosa Red: Serratia marcenscens White: Chlamydia Yellow: staph aureus yellow/green: gonorrhea ```

Eukaryotes vs. Prokaryotes

Eukaryotes: * have nuclei * membrane bound organelles * are bigger then prokaryotes * more complex DNA * DNA is located in the nucleus * mitosis Prokaryotes: * Cell wall is made of peptidoglycan * DNA floats freely around the cell * divide by binary fission

Bacteria are Eukaryotic or prokaryotic?

Prokaryotic