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BOARDS Part 1 > Micro bio- intro stuff > Flashcards

Micro bio- intro stuff Flashcards

1
Q

Ig___: secretory AB. Mucous membranes

A

IgA

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2
Q

Ig___: breast milk

A

IgA

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3
Q

Ig__: assists IgG

A

IgM

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4
Q

Ig___: Parasitic infections, allergic rxn (type II)

A

IgE

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5
Q

Ig___: increases in Hodgkin’s dz (Reed-Sternberg cells)

A

IgE

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6
Q

Ig___: first to increase during second exposure / most numerous

A

IgG

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7
Q

Ig___: crosses the placenta

cc: attacks the fetus’ blood

A

IgG

cc: Coomb anemia

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8
Q

Ig___: have dz then bd remembers it for next time

A

IgG

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9
Q

Ig___: largest and heaviest

A

IgM

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10
Q

Ig___: first to increase during first time exposure

Ig___: first to increase during second time exposure

A

first time: IgM

Second time: IgG

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11
Q

Ig__& ___: found on the surface of B cells

A

IgD & IgM

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12
Q

Ig___: opsonizes bacteria

A

IgG

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13
Q

IL-___:lymphocyte activator

Made by macrophages

Fxn: __ & ___ tiss

A

IL-I

fxn: brain and NS

(IL-I–> hypothalmus –> incr endogenous fever)

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14
Q

IL-___: T-cell growth factors

made by CD4

A

IL-II

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15
Q 
What makes these?
IL-I
IL-II
IL-III
IL-12
A

IL-I: macrophages (brain & NS)
IL-II: CD4 (T-cell growth)
IL-III: bone marrow
IL- 12: macrophages (NKC’s)

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16
Q

IL-_____: activates NKC’s

produced by macrophages

A

IL-12

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17
Q

______: acts as a post on the surface for a cell. plays a roll in tiss graft rejection and organ rejection

A

MHC: major histocompatibility complex

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18
Q

IL-_____: promotes the growth of B cells

A

IL-4

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19
Q

IL-_____: stimulates the differentiation of B cells

A

IL- 5

IL-4: promotes the growth of B cells

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20
Q

Name the 6 gram + organisms

A 
BLCCSS (Blocks)
Bacillus
Listeria monocytogenes
clostridium 
corynebacterium diphtheriae
Staph 
strep
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21
Q

5 dz caused by staph aureus

A 
STOIC: 
Scalded skin sx
toxic shock 
osteomyelitis 
impetigo (infection around childs mouth) 
carbuncles (infected hair follicles)
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22
Q

6 dz. caused by strep pyogenes

A 
SERGIS: 
Strep throat
erysipelas (superficial cellulitis) 
Rheumatic fever
Glomerulonephritis
Impetigo
Scarlet fever
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23
Q 
Complement system: 
C1-C4:\_\_\_\_\_\_
C3b:\_\_\_\_\_
C3a,C4a, C5a:\_\_\_\_
C5a:\_\_\_\_\_\_
C5b,C6, C7, C9: \_\_\_\_\_
A 
C1-C4:toxin neutratization
C3b: opsinization
C3a,C4a, C5a: anaphylaxis 
C5a: Neutrophil chemotaxis 
C5b,C6, C7, C9: Cell lysis (membrane attack complex)
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24
Q

Which components of the compliment system make up the membrane attck complex

A

C5b-C9

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25
Q

Aschoff= ___

A

Rheumatic fever (Mcallums patch)

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26
Q

Babes Ernst Granules=_____

A

Metachromatic granules

dz:diphtheria (upper respiratory- babies)

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27
Q

Councilman cell=____

A

Viral hepatitis

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28
Q

Downey cell =_____

A

mononucleosis –> atypical lymphocyte

dont get down that you have mono

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29
Q

Epithelioid hystiocyte=

A

TB

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30
Q

Gohn complex =_____

A

TB (inactive stage)

Ca+ jail around mycobacterium

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31
Q

Guarneri bodies= ___

A

Small pox (variola)

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32
Q

Gummas= ____

A

tertiary syphilis

syphilis takes away your gum-mas

33
Q

Koplik spots=___

location:____

A

Measles (Rubeola)

location: buccal mucosa - white bluish spots

34
Q

Lipofuscin=____

A

“old age pigment” lipid residue

Brown’s atrophy: a build up of lipofuscins in organs

35
Q

Lewy bodies=_____

A

parkinsons dz

36
Q

Mallory bodies=____

A

Hepatitis (alchy)

37
Q

Negri bodies =____

A

rabies (hydrophobia)

38
Q

Reed Sternberg= _____

A

hodgkin’s

39
Q

Ressell bodies=____

A

in plasma cells. Consits of AB from chronic inflam

ass. with: multiple myeloma

40
Q

Give two ex. of Natural passive immunity

A
  1. in utero= IgG

2. Breastfeeding= IgA

41
Q

____: pre-made AB attacks circulating toxins, not bound toxins (artificial passive immunity)

A

tatanus antitoxins

42
Q

____: injection of atteneuated org., the inactive portion that triggers immune system to make AB (active artificial immunity)

A

tetanus toxoid

43
Q

name the 4 types of hypersensitivity

A

type 1: anaphylactic (15-30 min)
type 2: cytoxic(min to hrs)
type 3: immune-complex mediated (3-10 hrs)
type 4: delayed hyper-sensitivity (48 hrs)

44
Q

cells that attack during type 1 hypersensitivity

A

IgE
Mast cells
basophils

45
Q

cells that attack during type II hypersensitivity

A

IgG

antigens + AB

46
Q

cells that attack during type III hypersensitivity

A

IgG & complement

antigens + AB + complements

47
Q

cells that attack during type IV hypersensitivity

A

T cells

Lymphocytes

48
Q

___ test: uses salmonella typhimurium to test if a chemical is carcinogenic

A

Amer Test

49
Q

___test: anthrax

A

ascholi test

50
Q

____test: tests strep pyogenes AB for Rheumatic fever

A

ASO tilter

51
Q

_____ test: pneumococci vs. alpha hemolytic strep viridans

A

Bile solubility

52
Q

____ test: best test for water polution

A

BOD

53
Q

_____ test: staph (cat +) vs. strep (cat-)

A

catalase

54
Q

____ culture: virus culture . the virus cant grow on the agar

A

chick embryo culture

55
Q

_____ test: staph aureus (coag +) vs. staph (coag-)

A

coagulase

56
Q

______: checks E. coli in water purification. Fecal contamination in water

A

colliform

57
Q

_______: tests RBC antigens. Hemolytic anemia. Erythroblastosis fetalis, RH factor

A

Coombs

58
Q

______ test: scarlet fever

A

Dick test

59
Q

_____ stain: for protozoa

A

giemsa stain

60
Q

_____ test: seronegative arthritides

A

HLA B 27

(PEAR: psoriatic, enteropathic arthropathy (AS with ulcerative colitis or Crohns), AS, reiters

61
Q

HLA DR5/ CD4: will be tested for ______

A

AIDS

62
Q

______ salt test: for staph

A

mannitol salt

63
Q

________test: heterophile agglutination test for mono

A

Paul Bunnel

64
Q

______ rxn : swelling of capsule of strep pneumoniae

A

Quellung

lung = pneumoniae, quellung= swelling

65
Q

____ agar: test for fungi

A

Sabouraud agar

66
Q

____ test: immunity to diphtheria

A

schick test

67
Q

______ rxn: antitoxin rxn to scarlet fever

A

Schultz-carlton rxn

68
Q

___test: virus culture serology test. positive for all Rickettsia except Coxiella burnettii (Q fever)

A

Weil Felix

69
Q

_____ test: tyhoid fever

A

Widal test

70
Q

____ test: looks for altered epithelioid cells herpes zoster & simplex, also varicella

A

Tzank test

71
Q

TB tests:
_____ test: skin prick test
_____ staining: demonstrates that it is an acid fast organism

Chest xray: looks for _____
______ vaccine

A

Mantoux test (aka tine test) : skin prick

Zeihl Nielson staining

Chest x ray: Gohn complex

Bacillus Calmette Guerin Vaccine

72
Q

___ AB is seen in mononucleosis

A

Heterophile AB

73
Q

type of vaccine used for salf, rabies

A

Inactivated

74
Q

type of vaccine used for tetanus & botulism

A

Toxoid

75
Q

type of vaccine used for measles, mumps, rubella, sabin

A

live attenuated

76
Q 
Color of pus: 
Blue/ green: \_\_\_
Red:\_\_\_\_\_
White:\_\_\_\_
Yellow:\_\_\_\_\_
yellow/green:\_\_\_\_\_
A 
Blue/ green: pseudomonas aeruginosa
Red: Serratia marcenscens
White: Chlamydia
Yellow: staph aureus 
yellow/green: gonorrhea
77
Q

Eukaryotes vs. Prokaryotes

A

Eukaryotes:

  • have nuclei
  • membrane bound organelles
  • are bigger then prokaryotes
  • more complex DNA
  • DNA is located in the nucleus
  • mitosis

Prokaryotes:

  • Cell wall is made of peptidoglycan
  • DNA floats freely around the cell
  • divide by binary fission
78
Q

Bacteria are Eukaryotic or prokaryotic?

A

Prokaryotic

BOARDS Part 1 (33 decks)

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