RTS - Health

Question 1

What is the function of cerumen?

Answer 1

protects the tympanic membrane by trapping foreign particles

Question 2

How is cerumen formed?

Answer 2

formed from secretions of sebaceous and apocrine glands

sebaceous - sweat glands = produce sebum
apocrine - ceruminous glands located in the external auditory canal

Question 3

How does cerumen/ear wax migrate out of the ear?

Answer 3

ear wax is expelled due to the migration of epithelial cells to ear canal entrance

process is facilitated by normal mouth movement - chewing, talking

Question 4

Who is most affected by excess cerumen?

epidemiology

Answer 4

everyone

• elderly people
• people with hearing aids
• people who use cotton buds

Question 5

What causes otitis externa?

aetiology

Answer 5

repeated contact with water flushes out wax - causes itches

excess water creates a moist environment for bacterial growth

infection of the outer ear

Question 6

What is the Eustachian tube?

Answer 6

tube that connects the middle ear to the nasopharynx

normally closed
opens to equalise pressure between either side of the tympanic membrane - prevent damage to the ear

Question 7

What is the difference between the Eustachian tube in adults and children?

Answer 7

children
- shorter, more horizontal
adult
- longer, more arched

Question 8

What does it mean to be healthy?

Answer 8

holistic

• focuses on a persons well being not just their condition
• spiritual, emotional, physical, intellectual wellness

being free of disease
- professional perspective

Question 9

What is health promotion?

Answer 9

process of enabling people increase control over, and to improve their health.

positive concept

create supportive environment to enable people to lead health lives

Question 10

What is health education?

Answer 10

any combination of learning experiences designed to facilitate voluntary actions conclusive to health

Question 11

What is the relationship between health promotion and health education?

Answer 11

health promotion = health education x healthy public policy

Question 12

What are the the five approaches to health promotion?

Answer 12

medical or preventive 
behaviour change 
educational 
empowerment
social change

Question 13

What is the medical approach to health promotion?

Answer 13

aim is freedom from medically defined disease and disability

involves medical interventions to prevent or improve ill health

professional’s responsibility to ensure patients comply with recommended procedure

Question 14

What is the behaviour change approach to health promotion?

Answer 14

aim is to change people’s individual attitudes and behaviour so they adopt a healthy lifestyle

teach people to stop smoking, to exercise

responsible to encourage as many people to adopt a healthy lifestyle

Question 15

What is the educational approach to health promotion?

Answer 15

aim is to give information and ensure knowledge and understanding of health issues and to enable well-informed decisions to be made

information about health is present and people are helped to explore their values and attitudes to make their own decisions

respect right of individual to choose their own health behaviour

responsibility of professional raise health issues with clients

Question 16

What is the empowerment approach to health promotion?

Answer 16

aim is to work with clients in order to help them identify what they want to know about and what action to take

role is to act as a facilitator in helping people to identify their concerns and gain skills and knowledge

clients are valued as equal

Question 17

What is the societal change approach to health promotion?

Answer 17

aim to effect changes on the physical, social and economic environment in order to make it more conducive to good health

focus is changing society an not changing the behaviour of individuals