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Ryan's shit list - Step 1 > RSL - Haem - Cancer > Flashcards

RSL - Haem - Cancer Flashcards

1
Q

Multiple myeloma: symptoms

A

CRAB: Hyper calcemia, Renal failure, Anemia, Bone pain

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2
Q

Myelodysplastic syndromes

A

Hyperplastic marrow with pancytopenia (megaloblastic hematopoesis). Also no hepatosplenomegaly

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3
Q

3 myeloid Neoplasm types

A
  1. Acute myeloid leukemias (stopped at blast)
  2. Myeloproliferative disorders (terminal diff.)
  3. Myelodysplastic disorders (disorganized Terminal diff)
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4
Q

ALL - age

A
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5
Q

ALL - T-cell presentation

A

Thymic mass in teenager (lymphoma)

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6
Q

ALL - T-cell marker

A

CD2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 ,8 (pre-T cell tumor)

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7
Q

ALL - General markers

A

TdT+ (pre-T/B cells), CD10 (pre-B cell only)

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8
Q

ALL - Good prognosis translocation

A

t(12;21)

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9
Q

ALL - B-cell presentation

A

Leukemia (pre-B-cell tumor)

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10
Q

ALL - t(12;21)

A

B-Cell, kids, good prognosis

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11
Q

ALL - t(9;22)

A

B-cell, adults, poor prognosis

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12
Q

ALL - Association

A

Down syndrome

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13
Q

ALL - Metastasis

A

Brain and testes

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14
Q

SLL/CLL - age

A

> 60

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15
Q

SLL/CLL - Cells/markers?

A

B-cell, CD20+, CD5+ (aberrantly expressed)

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16
Q

SLL/CLL - Histology of peripheral smear?

A

smudge cells

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17
Q

SLL/CLL - Associations

A

Hemolytic anemia (if B-cells produce Ab)

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18
Q

SLL/CLL - SLL vs. CLL

A

CLL = increased peripheral blood lymphocytosis or bone marrow involvement (>4000cells/µL)

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19
Q

SLL/CLL - complications

A

Transformation to LBCL

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20
Q

Hairy cell leukemia - age

A

adults / elderly

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21
Q

Hairy cell leukemia - cells?

A

mature B-cells

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22
Q

Hairy cell leukemia - Histology?

A

filamentous hair like projections. Stains with TRAP

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23
Q

Hairy cell leukemia - complications?

A

Marrow fibrosis –> dry tap

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24
Q

Hairy cell leukemia - extra BM?

A

splenomegaly, no lymphadenopathy

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25
Q

Hairy cell leukemia - treatment

A

2-CDA (cladribine)

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26
Q

AML - age

A

~65

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27
Q

AML - Histology?

A

Auer rods: MPO + cytoplasmic inclusions seen mostly in M3 AML. Also increased myeloblasts on peripheral smear

28
Q

AML - Risk factors

A

Alkylating chemotherapy, radiation, myeloproliferative disorders, down syndrome

29
Q

AML - Complications

A

DIC

30
Q

CML - age

A

45-85

31
Q

CML - cell?

A

myeloid stem cell

32
Q

CML - splenomegaly?

A

yes

33
Q

CML - complications?

A

transition to AML or ALL (blast crisis)

34
Q

CML - LAP score

A

low

35
Q

CML - treatment

A

imatinib

36
Q

Langerhans cell histiocytosis - age

A

child

37
Q

Langerhans cell histiocytosis - presentation

A

lytic bone lesions and skin rash or recurren otitis media with a mass involving mastoid

38
Q

Langerhans cell histiocytosis - Cells?

A

T-cells

39
Q

Langerhans cell histiocytosis - Markers?

A

S100 (mesodermal origin) and CD1a

40
Q

Langerhans cell histiocytosis - Histology

A

Birbeck granules

41
Q

Polycythemia vera - mutation

A

Jak2

42
Q

Polycythemia vera - symptoms

A

intense itching after shower (basophils)

43
Q

erythromelegia

A

severe burning pain and red-blue discoloration in Polycythemia vera

44
Q

Polycythemia vera - symptoms:

A

Blurry vision, headache, splenomegaly, venous thrombosis, flushed face, peptic ulceration

45
Q

Essential thrombocytosis - symptoms

A

bleeding, thrombosis

46
Q

Essential thrombocytosis - Complications

A

DOES NOT: cause marrow fibrosis, acute leukemia, or hyperuricemia like others

47
Q

Myelofibrosis - diesease process

A

increased fibroblasts in response to increased monoclonal cell lines.

48
Q

Myelofibrosis - histology

A

tear drop cells

49
Q

Myelofibrosis - symptoms

A

Massive splenomegaly dt/ extramedullary hematopoeisis

50
Q

Polycythemia vera - RBCs, WBCs, Platelets

A

High, high, high

51
Q

Essential thrombocytosis - RBCs, WBCs, Platelets

A

normal, normal, normal

52
Q

Myelofibrosis - RBCs, WBCs, Platelets

A

Low, variable, variable

53
Q

CML - RBCs, WBCs, Platelets

A

Low, high, high

54
Q

Reed-sternberg cell origin

A

CD15+, CD30+, B-cell origin

55
Q

Hodgkin lymphoma - Prognostic factors

A

High % lymphocytes = Better prognosis

56
Q

Burkitts lymphoma - Jaw lesion

A

Endemic form in africa

57
Q

Burkitts lymphoma - Pelvis / abdomen

A

Sporatic form

58
Q

Mantle cell lymphoma marker

A

CD5+

59
Q

Mycosis fungoides

A

Cutaneous T cell lymphoma (skin patches/plaques)

60
Q

Sezary syndrome

A

T-cell leukemia

61
Q

Marginal zone lymphoma

A

Hashimotos, sjogrens, H. pylori (maltoma)

62
Q

t(8;14)

A

Burkitt lymphoma - c-myc : Ig Heavy chain (transcription factor)

63
Q

t(9;22)

A

CML, AML - BCR : ABL (tyrosine kinase)

64
Q

t(11;14)

A

Mantle cell lymphoma - Cyclin D : IgH

65
Q

t(14;18)

A

Follicular lymphoma - IgH : Bcl-2 (anti-apoptotic molecule)

66
Q

t(15;17)

A

AML (M3) - PML/RARalpha : All-trans-retinoid acid (inhibition of myeloblasts)

Ryan's shit list - Step 1 (27 decks)

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