RSL - Behavioural psych Flashcards
ADHD: CNS
Decreased: Frontal lobe volume / metabolism
Conduct disorder vs Oppositional defiant
CD: Violates societal norms
OD: Absence of serious violation of social norms
Rett syndrome
Age 1-4; X-linked (only seen in girls; boys die in utero); regression characterized by loss of development, loss of verbal abilities, intellectual disability, ataxia, stereotyped hand wringing
NT change in disease: alzheimers
Low Ach,
high Glutamate
NT change in disease: Anxiety
High NE,
low GABA / 5-HT
NT change in disease: Depression
Low NE, 5-HT, dopamine
NT change in disease: Huntingtons
Low GABA, Ach,
High dopamine
NT change in disease: Parkinsons
Low Dopamine,
High Ach
Visual hallucinations: Association
Medical illness
Auditory hallucinations: association
Psychiatric illness
Olfactory hallucinations: association
Aura of psychomotor epilepsy and in brain tumors
Tactile hallucinations: association
Alcohol withdrawal, cocaine abuse
Hypnagogic hallucination
Occurs while going to sleep
Hypnopompic Hallucination
occurs when waking from sleep
Schizophrenia diagnostic criteria
≥2 Symptoms greater than 6 months; (≥ 1 core)
Core: Dellusions, Hallucinations, Disorganized speach
Bonus: disorganized behaviour, negative symptoms
tangentality
Shifting off topic
Flight of ideas
Rapid shifting of thoughts
Clang association
rhyme
Word salad
no meaningful word associations
Manic episode time
≥1 week
Manic episode: Symptoms
DIG FAST
Distractibility, Irresponsibility, Grandiosity, Flight of ideas, Active/agitation, Sleep deprivation, Talkative
Depression symptoms:
SIGECAPS Sleep disturbance Loss of Intrest Guilt Energy loss / fatigue Concentration Appetite loss Psychomotor retardaion / agitation Suicidal idealization Depressed mood
Depression sleep;
increased total REM, repeated nightmares
Greif vs depression
Intermittant / constant
Thoughts of Deceased / thoughts of self
Retained self esteem / self loathing
Atypical depression
Shows mood reactivity (can have improved mood in light of positive event)
Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder
Temper outbursts ≥3x/week,
reaction disproportionate to situation,
sad/irritable almost every day,
diagnose before 18 yrs
Malingering
consciously fakes in order to get secondary gain
Factitious
consciously fakes in order to get primary gain (sick role) (munchausen syndrome / by proxy)
Cluster A personality disorders
Schizoid, Schizotypal, Paranoid
Cluster B personality disorders
Histronic, Anti-social, Borderline, Narcissistic
Cluster C personality disorders
Avoidant, Dependent, Obsessive-compulsive
russell sign
Dorsal hand calluses from inducing vomitting
Narcolepsy: brain stuff
Decreased hypocretin production in lateral hypothalamus
Cataplexy (+ disease associated)
Loss of all motor tone following strong emotional stimulus such as laughter. Seen in narcolepsy
Narcolepsy: treatment
Daytime stimulants, nightime Sodium oxybate
Stages of overcoming substance addiction
- Precontemplation
- Contemplation
- Preperation
- Action
- Maintenance
- Relapse
Depressents: general intoxication
Mood elevation, decreased anxiety, disinhibition, respiratory depression
DTs treatment
Benzodiazepines
Opioid overdose
Pinpoint pupils, seizures, respiratory and CNS depression
Flumazenil
Benzodiazepine overdose (antagonist)
Cocaine overdose treatment
Benzos, alpha blockers
PCP intoxication
Belligerance, impulsivity, fever, vertical / horizontal nystagmus, homicidality, seizures
PCP OD treatment
benzodiazepines, rapid acting antipsychotics
Buprenorphine
Partial opioid agonist
Wernicke-korsakoff syndrome: Wernicke encephalopathy
Triad: confusion, opthalmoplegia, ataxia
Wernicke-korsakoff syndrome: Korsakoff psychosis
Irreversible memory loss, confabulation, personality change
Wernicke-korsakoff syndrome: Pathophys
Periventricular hemorrhage / necrosis of mamillary bodies
