RPH - finals Flashcards
catholic mass in the Philippines
March 31, 1521
- It is what Ferdinand Magellan named in the Philippines
Archipelago of St. Lazarus
- Originally taught was the place the first mass took place
Island of Limasawa, Leyte
- Made some Philippine Historian question the veracity of the Limasawa location
Golden Tara in Butuan
- Island where Pigafetta believe the first mass took place
Mazaua
– palmo jar of plam wine
Uraca
banana
palmo
rice
umay
earrings
Schione
– small boat
Boloto
– [Sumatra] formerly known as Traprobana
Zamatra
– brother
Casi casi
- cross, nails and a crown
- A sign they had been there and be free immediately when captured
Tokens
their god
Abba
– largest and the one with most trade
Zubu
– was repeated when cross was erected in position
Pater Noster and an Ave Maria
- The National Historical Commission of the Philippines (NHCP) has officially declared Limasawa, Southern Leyte, as the site of the first Easter Sunday Mass in the Philippines in 1521. This decision was made after a thorough review by a panel of experts, taking into account various historical evidence and requests from institutions like the Catholic Bishops’ Conference of the Philippines. This declaration is significant as the Philippines prepares to commemorate the 500th anniversary of the introduction of Christianity.
July 15, 2020 resolution no. 2
- Mandates NHCP to actively engage to historical personages, places, dates and events.
RA no. 10086 (Strengthening People’s Nationalism Act of 2009
- Beginning of Filipino nationalism – cavite munity
January 20, 1872
- Execution of GOMBURZA at Bagumbayan (Luneta), Manila
February 17, 1872
GOMBURZA
- Mariano Gomez
- Jose Apolonio Burgos
- Jacinto Zamora
- Spanish historian
- Attempt of indios or natives to overthrow the Spanish Government
Jose Montero y Vidal
- Implicate the native clergy – active in the call of secularization -> arrest & execution of GBZ
- Abolition of privileges of the workers in the arsenal of Cavite
Governor-General Rafael Izquierdo
- a Spanish official, wrote a detailed account of the Cavite Mutiny. He portrayed it as a major revolt aimed at overthrowing Spanish rule and killing Spanish officials. He blamed the three Filipino priests, Gomburza, for leading the uprising. His account, written in 1895, was strongly anti-Filipino and supported the Spanish government’s harsh response to the mutiny.
Jose Montero y Vidal
- a Filipino scholar and politician, offered a different perspective on the Cavite Mutiny. He argued that it was a localized uprising by disgruntled workers, not a nationwide conspiracy to overthrow Spanish rule. He blamed the friars and conservative elements in Manila for exaggerating the event and using it to suppress reformist and anti-friar sentiments. Pardo believed that the harsh punishments imposed on many Filipinos, including the execution of Gomburza, damaged the relationship between Filipinos and Spaniards, ultimately contributing to the Philippine Revolution of 1896.
Pardo de Tavera
- The year _______ is a significant year in Philippine history, often overshadowed by 1896 and 1898. Two major events happened in 1872: the Cavite Mutiny and the execution of the Gomburza (Mariano Gómez, José Burgos, and Jacinto Zamora).
1872
- Philippines’ Independence Day
June 12 every year (since 1898)
- Year of Philippine Revolution
1896
- Cavite Mutiny
- Execution of GOMBURZA
1872
– high court
Audencia
- District of Sampaloc celebrated the feast of the Virgin of Loreto
January 20,1872
- Launched an attack targeting Spanish officers at sight and seized the arsenal
- They mistook the fireworks as the sign of attack
Sergeant Lamadrid
- Filipino scholar and researcher
- Mutiny by native filipino soldiers and laborers who are dissatisfied with the abolition of their privileges.
Dr. Trinidad Hermenigildo Pardo de Tavera
– Short formula, appeared in El Imparcial the day after Rizal’s execution.
Fourth Text
where did the 4th text appeared?
El Imparcial
– Published in La Voz Española and Diario de Manila on the day of Rizal’s execution (December 30, 1896).
First Text
Where is the 1st text published?
La Voz Española and Diario de Manila
– Appeared in La Juventud (Barcelona, Spain) on February 14, 1897, from an anonymous writer revealed as Fr. Balaguer.
Second Text
Where is the 2nd text appeared?
La Juventud
– Discovered in the archdiocesan archives on May 18, 1935, after being missing for 39 years.
“Original” Text
- No one claimed to have seen it, except the publishers of La Voz Espanola
“Original” Text
– the Philippine national hero.
Rizal
– A Jesuit priest who claimed to have witnessed Rizal’s retraction.
Fr. Balaguer
– Another Jesuit priest involved in the retraction controversy.
Fr. Pio Pi
– A Manila pharmacist who questioned the existence of the original retraction document.
F. Stahl
– Correspondents of El Imparcial newspaper in Manila.
Don Manuel Alhama & Sr. Santiago Mataix
– The unnamed Archbishop who supposedly received Rizal’s retraction.
Archbishop of Manila
. – The archdiocesan archivist who rediscovered the “original” retraction document in 1935.
Fr. Manuel Garcia, C.M
– Chief of the Picket (military guard) at Fort Santiago.
Señor Fresno
– Adjutant of the Plaza (military officer) at Fort Santiago.
Señor Moure
– Rizal’s fiancée.
Josephine Bracken
– A friar’s agent and mistress who helped Josephine travel to Dapitan.
Manuela Orlac
– An American historian who documented Fr. Obach’s account.
Prof. Austin Craig
– A priest who revealed Rizal’s earlier retraction attempt.
Fr. Antonio Obach
– The day of Rizal’s execution.
December 30, 1896
– Date of publication of Fr. Balaguer’s version of the retraction.
February 14, 1897
– Date of rediscovery of the “original” retraction document by Fr. Manuel Garcia, C.M.
May 18, 1935
– The time period when Rizal wrote a retraction in Dapitan.
Early 1895
– The capital city of the Philippines during Spanish rule.
Manila
– The Spanish fort in Manila where Rizal was imprisoned and executed.
Fort Santiago
– A town in Mindanao where Rizal was exiled.
Dapitan
– An island in the Philippines where the Bishop resided.
Cebu
– The central figure, whose retraction is under scrutiny.
Rizal
– Katipuneros, led by Andres Bonifacio, rose up in revolt.
August 1896
– Bonifacio and his group reached Balintawak
August 19, 1896
– Bonifacio changed the Katipunan code
August 21, 1896
– Bonifacio and his men (rebels) proceeded to Pugadlawin
August 22, 1896
– The “Cry of Pugad Lawin” occurred, marking the start of the Philippine Revolution.
August 23, 1896
– Bonifacio and his men (rebels) retreated to Tandang Sora’s house
August 24, 1896
– Planned general attack on Manila
August 29, 1896
– Official stance was the Cry of Balintawak on August 26
1908-1963
– Government declared August 23 in Pugad Lawin as the correct date
1963
– Initially believed to be the site of the First Cry.
Balintawak (Caloocan City)
– The actual site of the First Cry.
Pugad Lawin (Quezon City)
– A place where the rebels gathered.
Kangkong
– A place where the rebels retreated.
Pasong Tamo
– A gathering place for the rebels.
Tandang Sora’s House
– Leader of the Katipunan.
Andres Bonifacio
– Close associate of Bonifacio.
Pio Valenzuela
– Historian who debunked the Balintawak theory.
Teodoro A. Agoncillo
– Historian who popularized the Balintawak theory.
Gregorio F. Zaide
– Katipunero who provided food and shelter
Apolonio Samson
– Historian who analyzed the controversy.
Soledad Borromeo-Buehler
– Mother of the Katipunan.
Tandang Sora (Melchora Aquino)
- by Carlos “Botong” V. Francisco
- depicts the Frist cry of the Philippine Revolution against Spain (1973) led by Andres Bonifacio
Bonifacio Mural (1964)
– Katipuneros shouted when they arrived from Manila and Kalookan
Dong Andres
