ETHICS - F - M 10 Flashcards
1
Q
- A moral philosophy that emphasizes developing virtuous character traits (e.g., kindness, generosity) and avoiding vices (e.g., greed, hatred) as the foundation for ethical behavior.
A
Virtue Ethics
2
Q
- It focuses on cultivating good habits and becoming a virtuous person rather than solely adhering to rules or pursuing specific outcomes.
A
Virtue Ethics
3
Q
- They emphasized the importance of reason, knowledge, and the pursuit of virtue as the foundation of a moral life. They believed that true happiness is found not in fleeting pleasures, but in living a life of wisdom and ethical integrity.
A
Socrates & Plato’s Moral Philosophy
4
Q
– pleasure and pain fail to provide an objective standard moral
A
Gorgias
5
Q
– is it good because gods love it or the the gods love it because it is good
A
Euthypro
6
Q
– the objectively existing immaterial entities that are the proper object of knowledge
A
Theory of Forms
7
Q
Aristotle’s Ethics
- Three general descriptions, which are interrelated, can be used to depict aristotle’s ethics.
A
- Self Realizationism
- Eudaimonistic
- Aretaic
- Act Oriented Ethics
- Virtue Ethics
8
Q
– end or purpose
A
Telos
9
Q
ultimate human goal is “” – happiness and human flourishing.
A
eudaimonia
10
Q
- greatest good
A
Summum Bonum
11
Q
Thomas Aquinas’ Laws
A
- Ethernal law – ration plan of god by which all creation is ordered
- Human Law - The aspect of the Eternal law which is accessible to human reason
- Natural Law - Refers to positive laws, more exact and forceful provisions.
- Divine Law - Serves to complement the other types of law.
- Natural inclinations - (1) To survive (2) To reproduce and educate offspring (3) To love
12
Q
– ration plan of god by which all creation is ordered
A
1. Ethernal law
13
Q
- The aspect of the Eternal law which is accessible to human reason
A
2. Human Law
14
Q
- Refers to positive laws, more exact and forceful provisions.
A
3. Natural Law
15
Q
- Serves to complement the other types of law.
A
4. Divine Law
16
Q
- (1) To survive (2) To reproduce and educate offspring (3) To love
A
5. Natural inclinations
17
Q
3 aspects of Aquinas Lawa
A
- **Species **- What kind of an action it is. There ar 3 types. Good, Bad and Indifferent Neutral.
- Accidents - Simply refers to the circumstances surrounding the action.
- End - Stands for the agents intention.
18
Q
- What kind of an action it is. There ar 3 types. Good, Bad and Indifferent Neutral.
A
1. Species
19
Q
- Simply refers to the circumstances surrounding the action.
A
2. Accidents
20
Q
- Stands for the agents intention.
A
3. End
21
Q
is a “hard to eradicate” quality
A
habit
22
Q
2 types of Habits
A
- Acquired - The autonomous will of the person plays a huge role in acquired habits.
-
Infused - Directly instilled by God in our faculties.
* Moral- Activities that are less virtuous and inferior to the final end.
o To this kind belongs Prudence, Fortitude, Temperance and Justice
* Theological- Are concerned directly with God.
o The virtues of Faith, Hope and Love serve to attune us to our final end
23
Q
- The autonomous will of the person plays a huge role in acquired habits.
A
1. Acquired
24
Q
- Directly instilled by God in our faculties.
A
2. Infused
25
- Activities that are less virtuous and inferior to the final end.
- To this kind belongs Prudence, Fortitude, Temperance and Justice
**1. Moral**
26
- Are concerned directly with God.
* The virtues of Faith, Hope and Love serve to attune us to our final end
**2. Theological**
27
- Examines specific, controversial moral issues in various areas of human life (e.g., healthcare, environment, business).
* Determines the ethically correct course of action in these specific situations.
**Applied Ethics**
28
* Deals with issues where there are significant disagreements among people.
* Involves using philosophical methods to analyze and address moral dilemmas.
**Applied Ethics**
29
**Subfields of Applied Ethics:**
* Bioethics
* Environmental Ethics
* Business Ethics
* Sexual Ethics
* Social Ethics
30
* Deals with ethical issues related to medicine, healthcare, and life sciences (e.g., abortion, euthanasia, genetic engineering).
**Bioethics**
31
- Focuses on ethical issues concerning the environment and its inhabitants (e.g., animal rights, pollution, climate change)
**Environmental Ethics**
32
- Examines ethical issues in the business world (e.g., corporate social responsibility, employee rights, consumer protection).
**Business Ethics**
33
- Explores moral issues related to human sexuality (e.g., homosexuality, premarital sex, contraception).
**Sexual Ethics**
34
- Addresses ethical issues concerning society as a whole (e.g., poverty, social justice, capital punishment).
**Social Ethics**
