RPH - F - M 12 & 13

Question 1

4 reasons of Rizal’s Retraction

Answer 1

1. Rizal love his family so much that if he signs the retraction he could save them from persecution including other Filipinos.
2. To give Josephine a legal status as his wife
3. To secure reforms from the Spanish government.
4. To help the church cut away from the disease which harmed its organization.

Question 2

– Short formula, appeared in El Imparcial the day after Rizal’s execution.

Answer 2

Fourth Text

Question 3

where did the 4th text appeared?

Answer 3

El Imparcial

Question 4

– Published in La Voz Española and Diario de Manila on the day of Rizal’s execution (December 30, 1896).

Answer 4

First Text

Question 5

Where is the 1st text published?

Answer 5

La Voz Española and Diario de Manila

Question 6

– Appeared in La Juventud (Barcelona, Spain) on February 14, 1897, from an anonymous writer revealed as Fr. Balaguer.

Answer 6

Second Text

Question 7

Where is the 2nd text appeared?

Answer 7

La Juventud

Question 8

– Discovered in the archdiocesan archives on May 18, 1935, after being missing for 39 years.

Answer 8

“Original” Text

Question 9

• No one claimed to have seen it, except the publishers of La Voz Espanola

Answer 9

“Original” Text

Question 10

“Original” vs Manila newspaper texts

Answer 10

1. Spelling Discrepancy – The Jesuit copies use “calidad” instead of “cualidad.” (with “u”)
2. Omission of “Catolica” – The Jesuit copies omit the word “Catolica” after the first “Iglesias.”
3. Addition of “misma” – The Jesuit copies add the word “misma” before the third “Iglesias.”
4. Paragraphing Difference – Fr. Balaguer’s copy starts the second paragraph later than the original and newspaper versions.
5. Comma Usage – Fr. Balaguer’s copy uses more commas (11) than the original and newspaper versions (4).
6. Missing Witnesses – The most significant difference is the absence of witness names in Fr. Balaguer’s copy, which are present in the original and newspaper versions.

Question 11

– the Philippine national hero.

Answer 11

Rizal

Question 12

– A Jesuit priest who claimed to have witnessed Rizal’s retraction.

Answer 12

Fr. Balaguer

Question 13

– Another Jesuit priest involved in the retraction controversy.

Answer 13

Fr. Pio Pi

Question 14

– A Manila pharmacist who questioned the existence of the original retraction document.

Answer 14

F. Stahl

Question 15

– Correspondents of El Imparcial newspaper in Manila.

Answer 15

Don Manuel Alhama & Sr. Santiago Mataix

Question 16

– The unnamed Archbishop who supposedly received Rizal’s retraction.

Answer 16

Archbishop of Manila

Question 17

. – The archdiocesan archivist who rediscovered the “original” retraction document in 1935.

Answer 17

Fr. Manuel Garcia, C.M

Question 18

– Chief of the Picket (military guard) at Fort Santiago.

Answer 18

Señor Fresno

Question 19

– Adjutant of the Plaza (military officer) at Fort Santiago.

Answer 19

Señor Moure

Question 20

– Rizal’s fiancée.

Answer 20

Josephine Bracken

Question 21

– A friar’s agent and mistress who helped Josephine travel to Dapitan.

Answer 21

Manuela Orlac

Question 22

– An American historian who documented Fr. Obach’s account.

Answer 22

Prof. Austin Craig

Question 23

– A priest who revealed Rizal’s earlier retraction attempt.

Answer 23

Fr. Antonio Obach

Question 24

– The day of Rizal’s execution.

Answer 24

December 30, 1896

Question 25

– Date of publication of Fr. Balaguer's version of the retraction.

Answer 25

**February 14, 1897**

Question 26

– Date of rediscovery of the "original" retraction document by Fr. Manuel Garcia, C.M.

Answer 26

**May 18, 1935**

Question 27

– The time period when Rizal wrote a retraction in Dapitan.

Answer 27

**Early 1895**

Question 28

– The capital city of the Philippines during Spanish rule.

Answer 28

**Manila**

Question 29

– The Spanish fort in Manila where Rizal was imprisoned and executed.

Answer 29

**Fort Santiago**

Question 30

– A town in Mindanao where Rizal was exiled.

Answer 30

**Dapitan**

Question 31

– An island in the Philippines where the Bishop resided.

Answer 31

**Cebu**

Question 32

– The central figure, whose retraction is under scrutiny.

Answer 32

**Rizal**

Question 33

– Fr. Balaguer and Fr. Pi, who played a role in the retraction narrative.

Answer 33

**Jesuit priests**

Question 34

– The Archbishop and military personnel who may have been influenced by the retraction.

Answer 34

**Spanish authorities**

Question 35

- People who were unable to see the original retraction document.

Answer 35

**Rizal's family and journalists**

Question 36

What happened **2 years before execution**?

Answer 36

- Rizal had written a retraction in Dapitan. - In order to marry Josephine, Rizal wrote with the help of a priest a form of retraction to be approved by the Bishop of Cebu. - inclosed with the priest’s letter, was ready for the mail when Rizal came hurrying I to reclaim it.

Question 37

– Katipuneros, led by Andres Bonifacio, rose up in revolt.

Answer 37

**August 1896**

Question 38

– Bonifacio and his group reached Balintawak

Answer 38

**August 19, 1896**

Question 39

– Bonifacio changed the Katipunan code

Answer 39

**August 21, 1896**

Question 40

– Bonifacio and his men (rebels) proceeded to Pugadlawin

Answer 40

**August 22, 1896**

Question 41

– The "Cry of Pugad Lawin" occurred, marking the start of the Philippine Revolution.

Answer 41

**August 23, 1896**

Question 42

– Bonifacio and his men (rebels) retreated to Tandang Sora's house

Answer 42

**August 24, 1896**

Question 43

– Planned general attack on Manila

Answer 43

**August 29, 1896**

Question 44

– Official stance was the Cry of Balintawak on August 26

Answer 44

**1908-1963**

Question 45

– Government declared August 23 in Pugad Lawin as the correct date

Answer 45

**1963**

Question 46

– Initially believed to be the site of the First Cry.

Answer 46

**Balintawak (Caloocan City)**

Question 47

– The actual site of the First Cry.

Answer 47

**Pugad Lawin (Quezon City)**

Question 48

– A place where the rebels gathered.

Answer 48

**Kangkong**

Question 49

– A place where the rebels retreated.

Answer 49

**Pasong Tamo**

Question 50

– A gathering place for the rebels.

Answer 50

**Tandang Sora's House**

Question 51

– Leader of the Katipunan.

Answer 51

**Andres Bonifacio**

Question 52

– Close associate of Bonifacio.

Answer 52

**Pio Valenzuela**

Question 53

– Historian who debunked the Balintawak theory.

Answer 53

**Teodoro A. Agoncillo**

Question 54

– Historian who popularized the Balintawak theory.

Answer 54

**Gregorio F. Zaide**

Question 55

– Katipunero who provided food and shelter

Answer 55

**Apolonio Samson**

Question 56

– Historian who analyzed the controversy.

Answer 56

**Soledad Borromeo-Buehler**

Question 57

– Mother of the Katipunan.

Answer 57

**Tandang Sora (Melchora Aquino)**

Question 58

- by Carlos “Botong” V. Francisco - depicts the Frist cry of the Philippine Revolution against Spain (1973) led by Andres Bonifacio

Answer 58

**Bonifacio Mural (1964)**

Question 59

– Katipuneros shouted when they arrived from Manila and Kalookan

Answer 59

**Dong Andres**