RNA viruses Flashcards
What are the reoviruses and their structures?
dsRNA, non-enveloped
icosahedral
Coltivirus
Rotavirus
What is Coltivirus?
Colorado Tick Fever
acute flu illness
What is rotavirus?
#1 cause of fatal diarrhea in children increases in winter months in day care centers infantile gastroenteritis
What are the picornaviruses and their structure?
non-enveloped ssRNA linear PERCH poliovirus echovirus rhinovirus coxsackievirus HAV
What happens w/ polio?
damage to the anterior motor horns
motor neurons are damaged in the pons and medulla
paralysis
What’s the deal with echovirus?
picornavirus aseptic meningitis myocarditis URI **get outbreaks in the summer months
What are the 2 causes of the common cold?
rhinovirus–picornavirus
coronavirus
What’s the deal with the coxsackie virus?
hand foot and mouth disease aseptic meningitis myocarditis pericarditis herpangina
Which of the picornaviruses are enteroviruses?
poliovirus
echovirus
coxsackievirus
What is the structure/function of the hepevirus?
non-enveloped
ssRNA, linear
HEV
What’s the deal with the caliciviruses?
non-enveloped
SSRNA, linear
norovirus–viral gastroenteritis
**Taking a cruise off the coast of California
What is the structure of flaviviruses?
enveloped SSRNA linear HY DSW shoes HCV Yellow fever Dengue St. Louis Encephalitis West Nile Virus
What’s the deal with yellow fever?
flavivirus
aedes mosquitoes
monkey or human reservoir
Fever, black vomit (coffee ground emesis)
Jaundice
Hemorrhagic disease-purpura, petechiae, epistaxis
Histo: councilman bodies (eosinophilic apoptotic globules) in liver
Subsaharan Africa
South America
What is the deal with dengue?
mosquito-form
Break bone fever–muscle/joint pain
Retro-orbital HA
Hemorrhagic fever
Tourniquet test–see petechiae when you leave the BP cuff on
What are the arboviruses that can cause encephalitis?
arbovirus-arthropod vector St. Louis encephalitis-flavivirus Eastern Equine Encephalitis-toga virus Western Equine Encephalitis-toga California Encephalitis--bunyavirus
What is the structure of toga viruses? What are they?
enveloped SSRNA linear Rubella Eastern Equine Encephalitis Western Equine Encephaliits
What’s the deal with rubella?
Fever
LAD
arthralgias
fine rash
Congenital Rubella Syndrome (toRch)
What are the features of congenital rubella syndrome?
blueberry muffin extramedullary hematopoiesis cardiac defects: patent ductus arteriosus, pulmonic stenosis cataracts deafness
What are the retroviruses?
enveloped
SSRNA linear, 2 copies
HTLV-T cell leukemia
HIV-AIDs
**have reverse transcriptase
What are the features of the orthomyxo viruses?
enveloped
SS neg. linear
Influenza virus
What are the 2 important components of the influenza virus?
What is the risk of the influenza virus?
Who should get it?
hemagglutinin–promotes viral entry
neuraminidase–promotes release of viral progeny
**could get super infections w/ S. aureus, S. pneumo, H. influenza pneumonias
> 6 mo you should have it!
What is the makeup of the vaccine for flu?
Trivalent: 2A, 1 B
Quadrivalent: 2A, 2B
**can get intranasal LAV if you are>2yo and less than 50 yo and not sick or pregnant
What are the features of the paramyxoviruses?
enveloped SS neg. strand linear PaRaMyxovirus Parainfluenza-Croup RSV Measles, Mumps
What are the features of croup?
caused by parainfluenza virus laryngeo-tracheo-bronchitits seal-like barking cough inspiratory stridor steeple sign on X-ray
**severe: pulsus paradoxus
Treatment: epi, dexamethasone, O2
