Antipsychotics Flashcards
What are the typical low potency antipsychotics?
chlorpromazine
thioridazine
What are the typical high potency antipsychotics?
haloperidol fluphenazine loxapine thiothixene trifluoperazine
What are the atypical antipsychotics?
It is atypical for old closets to quietly whisper A->Z
olanzapine
clozapine
quetiapine-good to use to treat psychosis from Parkinson’s treatment
risperidone
aripiprazole
ziprasidone
SE of low potency typical antipsychotics?
anticholinergic mainly, also hypotension and sedation
inhibit D2, muscularinic, alpha1, histamine
SE of high potency typical antipsychotics?
less anticholinergic, more EPS and tardive dyskinesia
also, neuroleptic malignant syndrome
SE of atypical antipsychotics?
fewer anticholinergic and EPS but get weight gain olanzapine--weight gain and diabetes risperidone--increased prolactin ziprasidone--extra QT elongation (they all do tho) clozapine-agranulocytosis
Receptors inhibited by atypical antipsychotics?
D2, 5-HT, alpha, histamine
What is the progression of SE of antipsychotics?
First several days–acute dystonia (treat with benztropine or anti-cholinergic)
can also see torticollis (twisting neck)
First month: parkinsonism (bradykinesia
First 2 months: akathisia (restlessness)
Months-years: tardive dyskinesia (mouth thing) Often irreversible.
What are the features of neuroleptic malignant syndrome?
delirium, or altered mental status (encephalopathy) autonomic instability (tachycardia) muscle rigidity-->myoglobinuria, hyperpyrexia
Which drugs help treat neuroleptic malignant syndrome?
Dantrolene Bromocriptine (dopamine agonist-used in hyperprolactinemia)
What is the MOA of dantrolene and what else is it used to treat?
inhibits release of Ca++ from SR
also used to treat malignant hyperthermia from inhaled anesthetics
