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Spanish Wine Scholar 2 > Rioja > Flashcards

Rioja Flashcards

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1
Q

For “Espumosos de Calidad de Rioja,” what three sweetness categories are allowed?

A

Brut Nature, Extra Brut, Brut

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2
Q

What is the name of the Rioja wine label “security system”?

A

Rioja Trustseal

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3
Q

Which DOCa Rioja zone has the highest average temperatures?

A

Rioja Oriental

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4
Q

What is the regulated minimum time in bottle and time in barrel for tinto Gran Reserva?

A

24 months for each

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5
Q

Why is La Rioja called the Zone of Seven Valleys?

A

There are seven tributaries which flow from the Sistema Ibérico into the Ebro River.

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6
Q

What are the three types of soils of Rioja?

A

Calcareous clay, ferrous clay, alluvium

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7
Q

Wines have been produced in Rioja for 3000 years since who inhabited the Iberian peninsula?

A

The Phoenicians.

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8
Q

Name the three common blending partners of Tempranillo in Rioja.

A

Garnacha Tinta, Mazuelo (Cariñena), Graciano

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9
Q

What are three topographical features that affect the climate of Rioja?

A

Mountains, the Ebro River, the northern coast.

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10
Q

What are the three zones of DOCa Rioja?

A

Rioja Alavesa, Rioja Alta, and Rioja Oriental

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11
Q

What is the minimum time before release for blanco or rosado Reserva?

A

24 months

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12
Q

Aside from Viura, what are 3 of the more prominent non-indigenous and authorized white grapes for Rioja vinos blancos?

A

Chardonnay, Sauvignon Blanc, and Verdejo

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13
Q

What percentage of red varieties must be used for vinos rosados?

A

25%

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14
Q

What is “vara y pulgar”?

A

A unique pruning method translated as “stick and thumb”. Stick 7-8 buds, thumb 1-2 buds

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15
Q

For a wine to be considered as “Vinedos Singulares,” yields should be what percentage lower than standard yields?

A

20%

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16
Q

Where does La Rioja rank in area size as an autonomous region in Spain?

A

2nd smallest. Balearic islands are the smallest

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17
Q

For a wine to be considered “Vinedos Singulares,” how old must vines be?

A

at least 35 years old

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18
Q

For “Espumosos de Calidad de Rioja,” what is the minimum lees aging time for the Reserva category?

A

24 months

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19
Q

Which two men had great influence over Rioja’s wine industry in the 19th Century?

A

Marqués de Murrieta and Marqués de Riscal.

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20
Q

What areas does DOCa Rioja production area covers?

A

Part of La Rioja, section of Alvara in Pais Vasco and section of Navarra (Left Bank)

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21
Q

Name the north/northwestern wind that pummels La Rioja.

A

Cierzo

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22
Q

For “Vinos de Municipio,” what percentage of grapes can come from a neighboring village?

A

Up to 15%

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23
Q

Name two mountain ranges in the north of La Rioja.

A

Montes Obarenes and the Sierra de Toloño (part of Sierra de Cantabria)

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24
Q

Which DOCa Rioja zone has the most diverse soil makeup?

A

Rioja Alta

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25
Q

In which century was the Real Sociedad Económica de Cosecheros de Rioja created to protect La Rioja’s reputation?

A

18th

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26
Q

What percentage of white grapes are allowed in a red blend if using whole bunches?

A

Up to 15%

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27
Q

What are three requirements about oak if a wine is to be labeled Crianza, Reserva or Gran Reserva?

A

225 l in size, no oak chips or staves, time in oak must not be interrupted.

28
Q

What are “cosecheros”?

A

Grape growers who produce a young red wine using a method similar to semi-carbonic maceration.

29
Q

Tempranillo, which is native to the Ebro River Valley, has always been king in Rioja. True or False?

A

False. It fell out of favor when French winemakers arrive. Garnacha was even more widely planted

30
Q

Which DOCa Rioja zone is the smallest?

A

Rioja Alavesa

31
Q

Portions of DOCa Rioja spill over into

A

Pais Vasco and Navarra

32
Q

What is unique about each Rioja wine-producing zone has based on their proximity to the mountains, the Ebro river or the northern coast?

A

Each zone has a unique mesoclimate

33
Q

Which zones receive some maritime influence from the Bay of Biscay?

A

Rioja Alavesa and Rioja Alta

34
Q

What is the warmest zone?

A

Rioja Oriental

35
Q

What influences Rioja Oriental?

A

Mediterranean Sea

36
Q

Rioja is Bordered to the north by which mountain ranges?

A

Montes Obarenes and Sierra de Toloño (part of the larger Sierra de Cantabria)

37
Q

Sierra de Cantabria separates Rioja Alavesa from______

A

The remainder of the Alava province of País Vasco.

38
Q

Rioja is Bordered to the south by which mountain ranges?

A

Sierra de la Demanda (part of Sistema Iberico) and Sierra de Cameros

39
Q

What is La Rioja’s highest peak?

A

Monte San Lorenzo (part of Sierra de la Demanda)

40
Q

What is the Cierzo?

A

A powerful wind that appears during autumn and/or winter.

41
Q

Where is the Cierzo most dominant?

A

Rioja Oriental

42
Q

Does the Cierzo benefit the vineyards?

A

Yes, by moderating temperatures and chasing away humidity

43
Q

Where are most Garnacha plantings?

A

Rioja Oriental

44
Q

What is the dominant grape?

A

Tempranillo

45
Q

Primary white grape in Rioja

A

Viura (Macabeo)

46
Q

Vinos rosados are primarily made with?

A

Garnacha tinta

47
Q

What Rioja region occupies a small portion within Navarra?

A

Rioja Oriental

48
Q

What Rioja region occupies a portion in Álava province within Pais Vasco?

A

Rioja Alavesa

49
Q

What region is entirely with in La Rioja?

A

Rioja Alta

50
Q

To be labeled Crianza, Reserva or Gran Reserva wines must

A

Oak barrels must be 225-liter (barriques)
No oak chips/staves
Aged blanco and rosado require approval
No interruption in ageing
White is red blends to <5% for destemmed grapes and <15% for whole clusters

51
Q

Four age labels within Rioja

A

Generico
Crianza
Reserva
Grand Reserva

52
Q

What is Generico?

A

Designation that guarantees origin and vintage only.

53
Q

What age requirement for Genericos?

A

none

54
Q

What aged Rioja wines are released in their third year?

A

Crianza

55
Q

What are the aging requirements for Crianza tintos?

A

12m in barrel and a few months in bottle for tintos.

6m in barrel for Blancos and rosados

56
Q

What are Reserva tinto aging requirements?

A

12 barrel / 6 bottle / 36m total

57
Q

When are Grand Reserva typically produced?

A

Only best vintage years

58
Q

Grand Reserva tintos aging requirements?

A

24m oak / 24m bottle / 60m total

59
Q

What are Viñedos Singulares?

A

Classification to highlight the diversity in terroir, individual vineyards.

60
Q

What are the criteria that must be met for viñedos singulares?

A 
35 year old vines
10 year contract
Balanced vines & vigor
20% lower yields 
Hand Harvest
Production must be transparent and traceable
Wines must undergo quality assessments
61
Q

What is a Vino de Municipio?

A

Wineries that have been allowed to reference a village in the label <15% from other villages allow

62
Q

What is a vino de zona in Rioja?

A

A designation that has been allowed by DOCa Rioja. Sub-zones of Rioja are on the label. Mostly Rioja Alavesa and Rioja Alta use this. <15% allowed

63
Q

What is the oldest bodega in Rioja?

A

Bodegas R. Lopez de Heredia Viña Tondonia

64
Q

What percentage of white grapes are allowed in a red blend if using destemmed bunches?

A

up to 5%

65
Q

What zone has the lowest elevation of vineyards?

A

Oriental

Spanish Wine Scholar 2 (35 decks)

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