Grapes Flashcards
Airén
Most Planted White, Most maligned Best for Brandy Easy growing, resistant to drought, insects, diseases High Yield Neutral, M Acid
Alarije
White Native Extremadura X - Gibi & Planta Nova Related to PX Productive, thick skin, late ripen Prone to Fungal Disease High Acid, Prone to O2, Good in oak Dry, sweet, Fortified
Albariño
White indigenous to NW Iberia (Spain/Portugal)
Val do Salnés - oldest growing
Thick Skins, mildew problem
Bright Acid, mineral, floral, peach, apricot, grapefruit
Albillo Mayor
White Disease resistant Low Yield Thin skins prone to sunburn & frost Aromatic Low Acid, High ABV
Albillo Real
White
Thin skinned, buds early
Prefers hot, dry sandy soils
Neutral with weighty mouthfeel
Albillo in general
Several white Spanish grapes are referred to as “Albillo ….”
Generic term allowed in many regions
Cayetana Blanca
One of oldest (Iberia) Parented 16 grapes (Listán Prieto and Castelão-Portuguese) Drought resistant, productive Likes warmth and sandy soils Med ABV & Acid Neutral
Courbu Blanc
White French Grape Once thought to be Hondarribi Zuri Small berries Subtle wines Med Acid & ABV
Doradilla
Native white to Málaga Offspring of Albillo Mayor Medium clusters with small berries Prone to Mildew Full Body, Racy Acid. Highly aromatic Pear, Citrus, Almond, Saline
Garnacha Blanca
White color mutation of red Garnacha buds later/ripens earlier High ABV, Low Acid Prone to O2 Proper vinification = floral Oak is often used texture & complexity
Godello
Native white to Galicía Almost extinct 1970s Recovered by DO Valdeorras HQ, Aromatic Compared with Chardonnay High sugar, Full Body, M-H Acidity Good for barrel aging
Hondarribi Zuri
Many white grapes used this prior to DNA
Zuri = “White” in Basque
DNA ID 3 white grapes
Courbu Blanc (French), Crouchen & Noah (US)
Lairén
Once ID as Airén But separate Native to Andalucía, grown near Madrid Productive, drought resistant Likes clay soils High ABV & Acid
Macabeo / Viura
White Native to Catalunya Primary for Cava Late bud / Late ripen Prone to rot Prefers hot, dry conditions Semi-aromatic, L-M Acid Resistant to O2 Good for barrel age
Malvasía Aromática
Ancient white Unknown origin Ripens early Highly aromatic M-F Body, M Acid Vinos Dulces Exotic tropical fruits and aromas
Malvasía de Lanzarote
Native Canary Islands Recently appointed X - Malvasía Aromática & Marmajuelo Early ripening, resistant to pest, disease Full Body, Low Acid Citrus & Tropical Fruit
Moscatel de Alejandría
Ancient white offspring of Muscat Blanc a Petit Grains Less elegant Prefers warmth Large bunches of big berries Ripens late, High sugar Used for desert wines Orange blossom & rose
Muscat Blanc à Petits Grains
White Greece origins
Vibrant, Aromatic
Raisin, honey, peach, apricot, mango, orange blossom
High sugar, High Acid
Palomino Fino
White basis for Sherry Native to Andalucía Thrives in albariza soils Thin skin, Low Acid Not aromatic
Parellada
Native white in Aragón 1/3 traditional Cava varieties Early budding, very late ripening Lower ABV Finesse, Lemony Freshness
Cava Grapes
Parellada - Finesse & freshness
Xarel.lo - Structure & herbs and citrus (Benchmark)
Macabeo - Softness & Perfume
Pedro Ximénez
Native white to Andalucía Productive, large bunches of big & small berries Thick skins Susceptible to rot & mildew Sun-dried to concentrate sugars Rich fortified wines Low Acid, High ABV, Viscous Grapy & raisin
Picapoll Blanco
Native white to Cataluńa
Maybe be related to Clairette Blanche (Fr)
Prensal Blanc / Moll
Native white to Las Islas Baleares
Very Productive
Low Acid, Prone to O2
Síria
Native white to Portugal More widely planted in Portugal Prefers warmth Harvest timing matter to prevent drop in acidity Acacia, Laurel, Citrus, Stone Fruit
Treixadura
Traditional white in Galicia Unrelated to other Galician grapes but blended with them DNA to Vinho Verde grapes Vigorous, Productive Thin Skin, susceptible to rot & mildew Citrus, Stone Fruit
Verdejo
"Green" - color of bloom on grape Maybe intro'd by Arabs Identical to Albillo de Nava Not Vigorous but drought resistant M-H Acid & ABV Bay Leaf (distinctive) Can be barrel aged for nuttiness
Vijiriego
What grape believed take from Andalucía to Canaries 15/16th c
Productive, Vigorous
Disease resitant
Fresh, Low ABV, High Acid wines
Xarel.lo
Believed native to Sites, Catalan 1/3 Primary grapes in Cava High Yield High Acid, High Extract, High Sugar Structure & flavors Herbs, Citrus
Zalema
Native white to Huelva or Anducía Vigorous, Productive, Drought resitant Large bunches, med berries Neutral wines Tends to O2 Almonds
Alicante Henri Bouschet
Red Grape 1800s French, Henri Bouschet, blended Grenache with Petit Bouschet 2 crosses remain and planted together High Yield, Vigorous Thrives in warmth Adds Fruit & Color to blend
Bobal
Native red from Utiel-Requena, Valencia Vigorous, Productive Drought resistant Prone to rot/mildew Deep Color, Supple Tannin, Bright Acidity, M ABV
Callet
Red grape "Callet" = Black on Mallorca X - Palomino & Villandiel (debated) Light Tannin, M Acid, L-M ABV Red Fruit, Violet, Mineral, Saline
Fogneu
Native red to Mallorca
Similar style to Gamay
Blended with Callet & Manto Negro
Garnacha Peluda
Red grape "Hairy Grenache" - leaves have downy underside to help retain water Wind resistant Lower ABV & Higher acidity than Garnacha Prone to O2
Garnacha Tinta
Red native to Aragòn Vigorous, Productive Extremely drought resistant Wind resistant L Tannin, M Acid, H ABV Prone to Oxidation Versatile in style eg fruit forward or aged. Rosado or Tintos
Graciano
Red grape of Spanish origin
Vigorous, late-ripening, low yield, drought resistant
Bright Acid, Fruity Flavors
Hondarribi Beltza
Red grape from Hondarribia in Pais Vasco "Beltza" = Black in Basque Related to CabFranc Deep Color, H Tannin, H Acid, A ABV Herbal Aromatics
Listán Negro
Red Native to Canaries Not related to Listán Blanco Unrelated to any grape Vigorous, Productive Easy drinking, Low Tannins Raspberry, Blackberry, Licorice, Pepper Does well with Carbonic Maceration
Manto Negro
Red Native in Mallorca
Productive, mildew resistant
Light Color, H ABV, prone to O2
Blending partner with Callet
Mazuelo
Red grape Old, believe native in Argón Vigorous, Productive Late bud / Late ripening Need long, hot growing season Deep Color, H Tannin, H Acid Need tannin management or becomes too high
Mencía
Native to Bierzo (León Province) Jaen in Portugal NOT productive, Wind-sensitive, susceptible to rot and mildew Light, Vibrant, Soft Tannin, M ABV Loses Acidity at harvest
Monastrell
"Monastery" Native red in Valencia Late-ripening, requires heat Prefers Med climate with moderate temp swings Dark Color, H Tannin, H ABV Dark Black Fruit, Meaty Wines can be reductive
Prieto Picudo
Believed native to NW Spain Related to Alfrocheiro (Portugal) but not Picudo Blanco Low-vigor, low yield Prefers Temperate climate M Color, H Acid, H ABV Pronounced Berry, Aromatic
Rufete
Old red Native to Central Portugal (Tinta Pinheira)
Ripens late, challenging to grow
Light Color, H Acid, L ABV
Tempranillo
"Early" - Most widely planted Early-bud, early ripen Moderate to high yields M-L Acid, H Tannin Not fruit forward Hints of Strawberry & Cherry Dominate Leather & Spice
Trepat
Native red in NE Spain Vigorous & Productive Large clusters Thick skins, but light colored wines M Tannins, M Acid Prized for Berry Fruit and Cinnamon
Maturana Tinta
Saved from extinction Used in Tempranillo blends Intense Color & Firm Tannins ROCa Rioja 2007 Buds late, ripens early Small bunches, med berries, thick skins Prone to disease Deep color, herbaceous notes
