reviewed so far bchem

Question 1

They are commonly found as sugars, starches, and cellulose in organisms.

Answer 1

Carbohydrates

Question 2

they are crucial for building cell membranes.

Answer 2

Lipids

Question 3

These are the building blocks of many lipids. They consist of a hydrocarbon chain with a carboxyl group at one end.

Answer 3

Fatty acids

Question 4

They provide structural support and stability to cells, tissues, and organs.

Answer 4

Proteins

Question 5

Some proteins, such as “?” are responsible for transporting molecules within the body.​ ​carries oxygen from the lungs to body tissues and returns carbon dioxide to the lungs for exhalation.

Answer 5

Hemogoblin

Question 6

”?” are a fundamental class of biomolecules found in all living organisms, playing a central role in the storage, transmission, and expression of genetic information. They are critical for the inheritance of traits from one generation to the next and for the functioning of cells and organisms as a whole.

Answer 6

Nucleic acids

Question 7

take longer to break down or digest and provide sustained energy.​

Answer 7

Complex carbohydrates

Question 8

are quickly absorbed or digest and provide a rapid source of energy.

Answer 8

Simple carbohydrates

Question 9

What is the difference between simple carbohydrates and complex carbohydrates?

Answer 9

Simple Carbohydrates: are quickly absorbed or digest and provide a rapid source of energy.

Complex Carbohydrates take longer to break down or digest and provide sustained energy.​

Question 10

Proteins act as biological catalysts, known as “?”

Answer 10

Enzymes

Question 11

It refers to the amount of solute that can be dissolved in a given amount of solvent at a specified temperature to produce a saturated solutions.

Answer 11

Solubility

Question 12

The strands of DNA is usually? While the RNA strands are?

Answer 12

Double stranded, single stranded

Question 13

Are found as pairs and move forward the poles (opposite ends) of the cell until it’s time for cell division

Answer 13

Centrioles

Question 14

Is a branch of chemistry that combines the principles of physics and biology to study and understand the physical and chemical processes that occur in biological systems. It seeks to explain biological phenomena

Answer 14

Biophysical Chemistry

Question 15

A substance that can be added to a reaction to increase the reaction rate without getting consumed in the process. Enzymes are proteins that act as “?” in biochemical reactions.

Answer 15

Catalyst

Question 16

Are enzymes that break the peptide bond that joins amino acids together in proteins. and breaks down proteins

Answer 16

Protease

Question 17

are one of the major classes of biomolecules, and they are fundamental to life.​ They are organic compounds composed of carbon (C), hydrogen (H), and oxygen (O) atoms

Answer 17

Carbohydrates

Question 18

Cell membrane contains a double?

Answer 18

Double layer of phospolipids

Question 19

”?” serves as the primary repository of genetic instructions, while “?” is involved in various processes that translate and express this information

Answer 19

DNA, RNA

Question 20

(?) is produced in mitochondria and chloroplasts

Answer 20

Adenosine Triposhphate (ATP)

Question 21

Formed by golgi bodies. It gets rid of worn and cenile cells and organelles which no longer has benefits.

Answer 21

Lysosome

Question 22

energy is absorbed from the surrounding.

Answer 22

Endothermic

Question 23

Excess glucose that is not immediately needed for energy is stored in the form of “?”

Answer 23

glycogen in the liver and muscles.

Question 24

A “?” is a molecule in which one end of the molecule is slightly positive, while the other end is slightly negative.

Answer 24

Polar molecule

Question 25

SER

Answer 25

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Question 26

Aerobic respiration occurs in the?

Answer 26

mitochondria

Question 27

Is the control center of the cell.

Answer 27

Nucleus

Question 28

Is a dense region of RNA (ribo-nucleic acides) and is the site of ribosome formation

Answer 28

Nucleolus

Question 29

Water (H2O) is a molecule of paramount importance in biological systems due to its?

Answer 29

unique chemical and physical properties.

Question 30

Is the attraction between water molecules,

Answer 30

Cohesion

Question 31

Is an enzyme responsible for converting starches into the sugar maltose, which are a disaccharide. this enzyme is present in saliva.

Answer 31

Amalyse

Question 32

When energy demands increase glycogen can be broken down into "?"

Answer 32

glucose and released into the bloodstream to maintain blood sugar levels and provide energy.

Question 33

"?" are two important concepts in chemistry, particularly in the context of molecular interactions and the behavior of substances

Answer 33

Polarity and hydrogen bonding

Question 34

carbohydrates are broken down during digestion into simpler sugars, such as "?"

Answer 34

Glucose

Question 35

The main storehouse of respiratory enzymes in the cell.

Answer 35

Mitochondria (powerhouse)

Question 36

Organelle that synthesize protein in the cell

Answer 36

Ribosome

Question 37

Gell like fluid in the cell. Provides a platform for organelles to operate within the cell

Answer 37

Cytoplasm

Question 38

A microscope with a high magnification and resolution, employing electron beams in place of light and using electron lenses

Answer 38

Electron microscope.

Question 39

Carbohydrates are made out of?

Answer 39

Carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms.

Question 40

A photograph or image of a specimen that was taken by the electron microscope.

Answer 40

Electron micrographs

Question 41

Proteins found in the cell membrane provide?

Answer 41

Structural support

Question 42

Carbohydrates serve as a?

Answer 42

primary source of energy for cells. ​

Question 43

Are specialized proteins produced by the immune system to recognize and neutralize foreign invaders like bacteria, viruses, and other pathogens. ​

Answer 43

Antibodies

Question 44

Polarity, water is a polar molecule because "?"

Answer 44

because oxygen is more electronegative than hydrogen.

Question 45

"?" the polarity of water allows it to form hydrogen bonds.

Answer 45

Hydrogen bonding

Question 46

Are macromolecules made out of fatty acid monomers

Answer 46

Lipids

Question 47

They store more energy per gram than carbohydrates or proteins. ​When the body needs energy, it can break down "?" to release it. they are crucial for building cell membranes.

Answer 47

Lipids

Question 48

Hydrogen Bonding, the polarity of water allows it to form

Answer 48

Hydrogen bonds

Question 49

Atoms are?

Answer 49

building blocks of matter

Question 50

Is the high level of attraction of water molecules to each other due to the hydrogen bonds in water

Answer 50

Surface tension

Question 51

A type of carbohydrate that is found in the exoskeletons of insects and other arthropods, providing strength and protection.

Answer 51

Chitin

Question 52

while "?" is the attraction between water molecules and other substances. ​

Answer 52

Adhesion

Question 53

Specialized for receiving molecules that are secreted by the ER

Answer 53

Golgi apparatus (body)

Question 54

Phospholopids create a?

Answer 54

lipid bilayer that separates the cell's internal environment from the external one.

Question 55

are a diverse group of hydrophobic molecules with critical roles in energy storage, cell structure, hormone production, and various biological processes. They are essential for the proper functioning and maintenance of living organisms.​

Answer 55

Lipids

Question 56

speeds up the rate of dissolving as it helps in distributing the solute ​ particles throughout the solvent.

Answer 56

Stirring

Question 57

It means how much of a solute (for example, salt) can dissolve in a solvent (for example, water) before the solvent can dissolve no more of the solvent.

Answer 57

Saturation

Question 58

Water requires a substantial amount of energy to change from a "?"

Answer 58

liquid to a gas (vapor)

Question 59

Hydrogen bonds are attractive forces between "?"

Answer 59

positively charged hydrogen atom of one water molecule and the negatively charged oxygen

Question 60

RER

Answer 60

Rough endoplasmic reticulum

Question 61

Water's unusual properties arise from its unique molecular structure and the interactions between its constituent atoms, the atoms in water are?

Answer 61

oxygen (O) and hydrogen (H).

Question 62

Enzymes can function both (?) cells and (?) cells

Answer 62

inside cells (Intracellular), outside cells (extracellular)

Question 63

energy is released into the surrounding as heat.

Answer 63

Exothermic

Question 64

A "?" is a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances in a single phase.

Answer 64

solution

Question 65

A part of the cell that stops cell contents from escaping. And controls substances that are allowed to go in and out of the cell.

Answer 65

Cell membrane

Question 66

A type of protein made by your pancreas, an organ located near your stomach. It helps your body digest fats. It's normal to have a small amount of "?" in your blood.

Answer 66

Lipase

Question 67

Glucose can be rapidly used by cells to produce energy through a process called "?"

Answer 67

Cellular respiration

Question 68

Nucleic envelope and cell membrance. Transfers substances between the nucleus and cytoplasm

Answer 68

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Question 69

Water is often referred to as the "?" because it can ?

Answer 69

"universal solvent" because it can dissolve a wide range of substances

Question 70

Threads of ? Found in the nucleus contain DNA, genetic materials for the cell

Answer 70

Chromatine

Question 71

These have a hydrophilic (water-attracting) head and two hydrophobic tails, making them essential for cell membrane structure.

Answer 71

Phospholipids

Question 72

(ATP)

Answer 72

Adenosine Triposhphate (ATP)

Question 73

4 major types of biomolecules

Answer 73

Lipids, carbohydrates, nucleic acids, protein.