Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

TFN > reviewed so far bchem > Flashcards

reviewed so far bchem Flashcards

1
Q

They are commonly found as sugars, starches, and cellulose in organisms.

A

Carbohydrates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

they are crucial for building cell membranes.

A

Lipids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

These are the building blocks of many lipids. They consist of a hydrocarbon chain with a carboxyl group at one end.

A

Fatty acids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

They provide structural support and stability to cells, tissues, and organs.

A

Proteins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Some proteins, such as “?” are responsible for transporting molecules within the body.​ ​carries oxygen from the lungs to body tissues and returns carbon dioxide to the lungs for exhalation.

A

Hemogoblin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

”?” are a fundamental class of biomolecules found in all living organisms, playing a central role in the storage, transmission, and expression of genetic information. They are critical for the inheritance of traits from one generation to the next and for the functioning of cells and organisms as a whole.

A

Nucleic acids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

take longer to break down or digest and provide sustained energy.​

A

Complex carbohydrates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

are quickly absorbed or digest and provide a rapid source of energy.

A

Simple carbohydrates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the difference between simple carbohydrates and complex carbohydrates?

A

Simple Carbohydrates: are quickly absorbed or digest and provide a rapid source of energy.

Complex Carbohydrates take longer to break down or digest and provide sustained energy.​

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Proteins act as biological catalysts, known as “?”

A

Enzymes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

It refers to the amount of solute that can be dissolved in a given amount of solvent at a specified temperature to produce a saturated solutions.

A

Solubility

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

The strands of DNA is usually? While the RNA strands are?

A

Double stranded, single stranded

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Are found as pairs and move forward the poles (opposite ends) of the cell until it’s time for cell division

A

Centrioles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Is a branch of chemistry that combines the principles of physics and biology to study and understand the physical and chemical processes that occur in biological systems. It seeks to explain biological phenomena

A

Biophysical Chemistry

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

A substance that can be added to a reaction to increase the reaction rate without getting consumed in the process. Enzymes are proteins that act as “?” in biochemical reactions.

A

Catalyst

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Are enzymes that break the peptide bond that joins amino acids together in proteins. and breaks down proteins

A

Protease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

are one of the major classes of biomolecules, and they are fundamental to life.​ They are organic compounds composed of carbon (C), hydrogen (H), and oxygen (O) atoms

A

Carbohydrates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Cell membrane contains a double?

A

Double layer of phospolipids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

”?” serves as the primary repository of genetic instructions, while “?” is involved in various processes that translate and express this information

A

DNA, RNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

(?) is produced in mitochondria and chloroplasts

A

Adenosine Triposhphate (ATP)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Formed by golgi bodies. It gets rid of worn and cenile cells and organelles which no longer has benefits.

A

Lysosome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

energy is absorbed from the surrounding.

A

Endothermic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Excess glucose that is not immediately needed for energy is stored in the form of “?”

A

glycogen in the liver and muscles.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

A “?” is a molecule in which one end of the molecule is slightly positive, while the other end is slightly negative.

A

Polar molecule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

SER

A

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Aerobic respiration occurs in the?

A

mitochondria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Is the control center of the cell.

A

Nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Is a dense region of RNA (ribo-nucleic acides) and is the site of ribosome formation

A

Nucleolus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Water (H2O) is a molecule of paramount importance in biological systems due to its?

A

unique chemical and physical properties.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Is the attraction between water molecules,

A

Cohesion

31
Q

Is an enzyme responsible for converting starches into the sugar maltose, which are a disaccharide. this enzyme is present in saliva.

A

Amalyse

32
Q

When energy demands increase glycogen can be broken down into “?”

A

glucose and released into the bloodstream to maintain blood sugar levels and provide energy.

33
Q

”?” are two important concepts in chemistry, particularly in the context of molecular interactions and the behavior of substances

A

Polarity and hydrogen bonding

34
Q

carbohydrates are broken down during digestion into simpler sugars, such as “?”

A

Glucose

35
Q

The main storehouse of respiratory enzymes in the cell.

A

Mitochondria (powerhouse)

36
Q

Organelle that synthesize protein in the cell

A

Ribosome

37
Q

Gell like fluid in the cell. Provides a platform for organelles to operate within the cell

A

Cytoplasm

38
Q

A microscope with a high magnification and resolution, employing electron beams in place of light and using electron lenses

A

Electron microscope.

39
Q

Carbohydrates are made out of?

A

Carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms.

40
Q

A photograph or image of a specimen that was taken by the electron microscope.

A

Electron micrographs

41
Q

Proteins found in the cell membrane provide?

A

Structural support

42
Q

Carbohydrates serve as a?

A

primary source of energy for cells. ​

43
Q

Are specialized proteins produced by the immune system to recognize and neutralize foreign invaders like bacteria, viruses, and other pathogens. ​

A

Antibodies

44
Q

Polarity, water is a polar molecule because “?”

A

because oxygen is more electronegative than hydrogen.

45
Q

”?” the polarity of water allows it to form hydrogen bonds.

A

Hydrogen bonding

46
Q

Are macromolecules made out of fatty acid monomers

A

Lipids

47
Q

They store more energy per gram than carbohydrates or proteins. ​When the body needs energy, it can break down “?” to release it.
they are crucial for building cell membranes.

A

Lipids

48
Q

Hydrogen Bonding, the polarity of water allows it to form

A

Hydrogen bonds

49
Q

Atoms are?

A

building blocks of matter

50
Q

Is the high level of attraction of water molecules to each other due to the hydrogen bonds in water

A

Surface tension

51
Q

A type of carbohydrate that is found in the exoskeletons of insects and other arthropods, providing strength and protection.

A

Chitin

52
Q

while “?” is the attraction between water molecules and other substances. ​

A

Adhesion

53
Q

Specialized for receiving molecules that are secreted by the ER

A

Golgi apparatus (body)

54
Q

Phospholopids create a?

A

lipid bilayer that separates the cell’s internal environment from the external one.

55
Q

are a diverse group of hydrophobic molecules with critical roles in energy storage, cell structure, hormone production, and various biological processes. They are essential for the proper functioning and maintenance of living organisms.​

A

Lipids

56
Q

speeds up the rate of dissolving as it helps in distributing the solute ​
particles throughout the solvent.

A

Stirring

57
Q

It means how much of a solute (for example, salt) can dissolve in a solvent (for example, water) before the solvent can dissolve no more of the solvent.

A

Saturation

58
Q

Water requires a substantial amount of energy to change from a “?”

A

liquid to a gas (vapor)

59
Q

Hydrogen bonds are attractive forces between “?”

A

positively charged hydrogen atom of one water molecule and the negatively charged oxygen

60
Q

RER

A

Rough endoplasmic reticulum

61
Q

Water’s unusual properties arise from its unique molecular structure and the interactions between its constituent atoms, the atoms in water are?

A

oxygen (O) and hydrogen (H).

62
Q

Enzymes can function both (?) cells and (?) cells

A

inside cells (Intracellular), outside cells (extracellular)

63
Q

energy is released into the surrounding as heat.

A

Exothermic

64
Q

A “?” is a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances in a single phase.

A

solution

65
Q

A part of the cell that stops cell contents from escaping. And controls substances that are allowed to go in and out of the cell.

A

Cell membrane

66
Q

A type of protein made by your pancreas, an organ located near your stomach. It helps your body digest fats. It’s normal to have a small amount of “?” in your blood.

A

Lipase

67
Q

Glucose can be rapidly used by cells to produce energy through a process called “?”

A

Cellular respiration

68
Q

Nucleic envelope and cell membrance. Transfers substances between the nucleus and cytoplasm

A

Endoplasmic Reticulum

69
Q

Water is often referred to as the “?” because it can ?

A

“universal solvent” because it can dissolve a wide range of substances

70
Q

Threads of ? Found in the nucleus contain DNA, genetic materials for the cell

A

Chromatine

71
Q

These have a hydrophilic (water-attracting) head and two hydrophobic tails, making them essential for cell membrane structure.

A

Phospholipids

72
Q

(ATP)

A

Adenosine Triposhphate (ATP)

73
Q

4 major types of biomolecules

A

Lipids, carbohydrates, nucleic acids, protein.

TFN (31 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions