Health Education

Question 1

Is a conherent framework of integrated contructs and principle that descibe, explain, or predict how people learn

Answer 1

Learning Theory

Question 2

Describes the process used to bring about change in the way individual understand information and changes in the way they perform a task or skill

Answer 2

Learning Theory

Question 3

Focuses on what is directly observable in learners

Answer 3

Behavioral learning theory

Question 4

It is useful in nursing practice for the delivery of health care

Answer 4

Behavioral learning theory

Question 5

It is based on the work of Ivan Pavlov (1972) and Edward Thorndike (1932)

Answer 5

Behavioral learning theory

Question 7

Is one that unconditionally natually and automatically trigers a response

Answer 7

Unconditioned stimulus

Question 8

Is the unlearned response that occurs naturally in response to the unconditioned stimulus

Answer 8

Unconditioned response

Question 9

is previously neutral stimulus that after becoming associated with the unconditioned stimulus, comes to trigger a conditioned response

Answer 9

Conditioned stimulus

Question 10

Is the learned response to the previously neutral stimulus

Answer 10

Conditioned response

Question 11

Skinner used the term (?) to any “Active behavior that operates upon the environment

Answer 11

operant

Question 12

He suggested at the external observable causes of human behavior

Answer 12

BF Skinner

Question 13

Increases the frequency of desirable bahavior

Answer 13

Reinforcement

Question 14

Decreases the frequency of undesirable behavior

Answer 14

Punishment

Question 15

Applies stimulus

Answer 15

Positive

Question 16

Removes stimulus

Answer 16

Negative

Question 17

Is the tendency of initial learning experiences to be easily applied to other stimuli

Answer 17

Stimulus generalization

Question 18

Individuals learn to differentiate among similar stimuli

Answer 18

Discrimination learning

Question 19

Is a technique based on respondent conditioning that is used by psychologists to reduce fear and anxiety in thei clients

Answer 19

Systematic desensitization

Question 20

Streghtens behavior by adding a rewarding stimulus

Answer 20

Positive reinforcement

Question 21

Streghtens behavior by removing unpleasant stimulus

Answer 21

Negative reinforcement

Question 22

Aims to decrease undesirable behavior

Answer 22

Punishment

Question 23

If a learned behavior is not reinforced, It may weaken and eventually disappear

Answer 23

Extinction

Question 24

Is a punishment by application, Involves the presentation of an unfavorable event or outcome in order to weaken the response

Answer 24

Positive punishment

Question 25

Is punishment by removal, occurs when a favorable event or outcome is removed after a behavior occurs

Answer 25

Negative punishment

Question 26

Are favorable events or outcomes that are presented after the behavior. A response or behavior is streghtened by praise or reward

Answer 26

Positive reinforcers

Question 26

Is the removal of unfavorable events or outcomes after the display if a behavior. A response is streghtened by the removal of something considered unpleasant

Answer 26

Negative reinforcers

Question 27

Classical conditioning is involuntary and based on experience

Answer 27

Pavlov

Question 27

Original S-R framework, responds randomly to stimulu, learning is trial and error

Answer 27

Thorndike

Question 28

Operant conditioning, learning produces a desirable behavior because it is reinforced or streghtened

Answer 28

Skinner

Question 29

S-R framework (Based on Thorndike) Includes reinforcement as characteristics of learning

Answer 29

Hull

Question 30

The key to learning and changing is the individual’s cognition (Perception, thought, memory, and ways of processing and structuring information.)

Answer 30

Cognitive Learning Theory

Question 31

First stage in memory process involve paying attention – key to learning

Answer 31

Information processing

Question 32

Emphasizes the importance of perception to learning rather focusing on discrete stimuli

Answer 32

Gesalt

Question 33

A principal assumption is that learning is a developmental, sequential and active process that transpires as the child interacts with the environment, males discoveries about the world opetates, and interprets these discoveries in keeping with what she knows (schema)

Answer 33

Cognitive development

Question 34

(0-1 years)

Answer 34

Sensorimotor stages

Question 35

(2-7 years)

Answer 35

Preoperational stage

Question 36

7-11 years

Answer 36

Concrete operational stage

Question 37

11+ years

Answer 37

Formal Operational stage

Question 38

Involves the storage and retrieval of what was observed

Answer 38

Retention phase

Question 39

Assessment and intervention necessary condition for any learning to occur

Answer 39

Attention phase

Question 40

During which the learner copies the observed behavior

Answer 40

Reproduction phase

Question 41

Focuses on whether the learner is motivated to perform a certain type of behavior

Answer 41

Motivation phase

Question 42

(?) has been applied extensively to the understanding of aggression (Bandura, 1973) and physchological disorders, particularly in the context of behavior modification (Bandura, 1969)

Answer 42

Social learning theory

Question 43

It has significant implications of learning and changing behavior based on the work of Sigmund Freud and followers

Answer 43

Psychodynamic Learning Theory

Question 44

It is a motivational theory that emphasizes on emotions rather than cognition or responses. It emphasizes the importance of conscious and unconcious forces in guiding behavior, personality conflict and the enduring effects of childhood experiences on adult behavior

Answer 44

Motivational theory

Question 45

Learning is the assumption that every individual is unique and that all individuals have a desire to grow in a positive way

Answer 45

Humanistic learning theory

Question 46

Who is the major contributor to the humanistic theory?

Answer 46

Abraham Maslow