Review from Book: Mod 1-5

Question 1

Mod 1 - What is humanistic psychology?

Answer 1

Emphasized human growth potential

Question 2

Mod 1 - What is behavioral genetics?

Answer 2

The study of the relative power and limits of genetic and environmental influences on behavior

Question 3

Mod 1 - What is positive psychology?

Answer 3

The scientific study of human flourishing, with the goals of discovering and promoting strengths and virtues that help individuals and communities to thrive

Question 4

Mod 1 - What is community psychology?

Answer 4

Studies how people interact with their social environments and how social institutions (such as schools and neighborhoods) affect individuals and groups

Question 5

Mod 2 - What is a meta-analysis?

Answer 5

Analyzing the results of multiple studies to reach an overall conclusion

Question 6

Mod 2 - What is a survey?

Answer 6

Obtaining self-reported attitudes or behaviors of a particular group, usually by questioning a representative, random sample of the group

Question 7

Mod 2 - What is a random sample?

Answer 7

A sample that fairly represents a population because each member has an equal chance of inclusion

Question 8

Mod 2 - What is a population (when doing research)?

Answer 8

All those in a group being studied, from which random samples may be drawn

Question 9

Mod 2 - What is random assignment?

Answer 9

Assigning participants to experimental and control groups by chance

Question 10

Mod 2 - What is a double blind procedure?

Answer 10

Both the research participants and the research staff are ignorant (blind) about whether the research participants have received the treatment or a placebo

Question 11

Mod 2 - What is the placebo effect?

Answer 11

Experimental results caused by expectations alone; any effect on behavior caused by the administration of an inert substance or condition, which the recipient assumes is an active agent

Question 12

Mod 3 - What are the mean, median, and mode?

Answer 12

Mean - average
Median - middle
Mode - most frequent

Question 13

Mod 3 - What are the range and standard deviation?

Answer 13

Range - the difference between the highest and lowest scores in a distribution
Standard Deviation - a computed measure of how much scores vary around the mean score

Question 14

Mod 4 - What are glial cells?

Answer 14

Cells in the nervous system that support, nourish, and protect neurons; they also play a role in learning, thinking, and memory

Question 15

Mod 4 - What are endorphins?

Answer 15

“morphine within”—natural, opiate-like neurotransmitters linked to pain control and to pleasure

Question 16

Mod 4 - What are interneurons?

Answer 16

Neurons within the brain and spinal cord; they process information between the sensory inputs and motor outputs

Question 17

Mod 4 - What is an agonist?

Answer 17

A molecule that increases a neurotransmitter’s action

Question 18

Mod 4 - What is an antagonist?

Answer 18

A molecule that inhibits or blocks a neurotransmitter’s action

Question 19

Mod 4 - What is the somatic nervous system?

Answer 19

The division of the peripheral nervous system that controls the body’s skeletal muscles

Question 20

Mod 4 - What is the autonomic nervous system?

Answer 20

The part of the peripheral nervous system that controls the glands and the muscles of the internal organs (such as the heart)

Question 21

Mod 4 - What effects do the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems have on the body?

Answer 21

Sympathetic - arouses the body, mobilizing its energy

Parasympathetic - calms the body, conserving its energy

Question 22

Mod 4 - What are the divisions of the autonomic nervous system?

Answer 22

Sympathetic & Parasympathetic Nervous Systems

Question 23

Mod 5 - What is the brainstem?

Answer 23

The oldest part and central core of the brain, beginning where the spinal cord swells as it enters the skull; the brainstem is responsible for automatic survival functions

Question 24

Mod 5 - What does the thalamus do?

Answer 24

the brain’s sensory control center, located on top of the brainstem; it directs messages to the sensory receiving areas in the cortex and transmits replies to the cerebellum and medulla

Question 25

Mod 5 - What does the reticular formation do?

Answer 25

A nerve network that travels through the brainstem into the thalamus; filters incoming stimuli and relays important information to other brain areas and plays an important role in controlling arousal

Question 26

Mod 5 - What does the cerebellum do?

Answer 26

enables nonverbal learning and skill memory; it also coordinates voluntary movement

MOTOR SKILLS

Question 27

Mod 5 - What are the three structures in the limbic system?

Answer 27

Amygdala, Hypothalamus, & Hippocampus