Review from Book: Mod 1-5 Flashcards
Mod 1 - What is humanistic psychology?
Emphasized human growth potential
Mod 1 - What is behavioral genetics?
The study of the relative power and limits of genetic and environmental influences on behavior
Mod 1 - What is positive psychology?
The scientific study of human flourishing, with the goals of discovering and promoting strengths and virtues that help individuals and communities to thrive
Mod 1 - What is community psychology?
Studies how people interact with their social environments and how social institutions (such as schools and neighborhoods) affect individuals and groups
Mod 2 - What is a meta-analysis?
Analyzing the results of multiple studies to reach an overall conclusion
Mod 2 - What is a survey?
Obtaining self-reported attitudes or behaviors of a particular group, usually by questioning a representative, random sample of the group
Mod 2 - What is a random sample?
A sample that fairly represents a population because each member has an equal chance of inclusion
Mod 2 - What is a population (when doing research)?
All those in a group being studied, from which random samples may be drawn
Mod 2 - What is random assignment?
Assigning participants to experimental and control groups by chance
Mod 2 - What is a double blind procedure?
Both the research participants and the research staff are ignorant (blind) about whether the research participants have received the treatment or a placebo
Mod 2 - What is the placebo effect?
Experimental results caused by expectations alone; any effect on behavior caused by the administration of an inert substance or condition, which the recipient assumes is an active agent
Mod 3 - What are the mean, median, and mode?
Mean - average
Median - middle
Mode - most frequent
Mod 3 - What are the range and standard deviation?
Range - the difference between the highest and lowest scores in a distribution
Standard Deviation - a computed measure of how much scores vary around the mean score
Mod 4 - What are glial cells?
Cells in the nervous system that support, nourish, and protect neurons; they also play a role in learning, thinking, and memory
Mod 4 - What are endorphins?
“morphine within”—natural, opiate-like neurotransmitters linked to pain control and to pleasure
Mod 4 - What are interneurons?
Neurons within the brain and spinal cord; they process information between the sensory inputs and motor outputs
Mod 4 - What is an agonist?
A molecule that increases a neurotransmitter’s action
Mod 4 - What is an antagonist?
A molecule that inhibits or blocks a neurotransmitter’s action
Mod 4 - What is the somatic nervous system?
The division of the peripheral nervous system that controls the body’s skeletal muscles
Mod 4 - What is the autonomic nervous system?
The part of the peripheral nervous system that controls the glands and the muscles of the internal organs (such as the heart)
Mod 4 - What effects do the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems have on the body?
Sympathetic - arouses the body, mobilizing its energy
Parasympathetic - calms the body, conserving its energy
Mod 4 - What are the divisions of the autonomic nervous system?
Sympathetic & Parasympathetic Nervous Systems
Mod 5 - What is the brainstem?
The oldest part and central core of the brain, beginning where the spinal cord swells as it enters the skull; the brainstem is responsible for automatic survival functions
Mod 5 - What does the thalamus do?
the brain’s sensory control center, located on top of the brainstem; it directs messages to the sensory receiving areas in the cortex and transmits replies to the cerebellum and medulla
Mod 5 - What does the reticular formation do?
A nerve network that travels through the brainstem into the thalamus; filters incoming stimuli and relays important information to other brain areas and plays an important role in controlling arousal
Mod 5 - What does the cerebellum do?
enables nonverbal learning and skill memory; it also coordinates voluntary movement
MOTOR SKILLS
Mod 5 - What are the three structures in the limbic system?
Amygdala, Hypothalamus, & Hippocampus
