Mod 10 Flashcards
What is the difference between heredity and heritability?
Heredity - the genetic transfer of characteristics from parents to offspring
Heritability - how much differences among people are due to genes
What is the human genome?
common sequence within human DNA
shared genetic profile
How can twin and adoption studies help us to understand the relative influence of genetics and environment?
Having similar genes as someone else makes you similar no matter how close/far you are from them
What is the relationship between DNA, genes, and chromosomes?
Chromosomes and genes made of DNA
Gene - section of DNA in chromosome that codes for particular trait (like freckles)
Where can you find a person’s chromosomes?
Nucleus of cells
Distinguish behavioral genetics from epigenetic from molecular genetics.
Behavior - how the structure and function of genes interact with our environment to influence behavior
Epigenetic - studies the molecular mechanisms by which environments can trigger or block genetic expression
Molecular - studies the molecular structure and function of genes
What does it mean to say that a gene is “expressed”?
Turned on, active
What are the differences between identical and fraternal twins?
Identical - from a single fertilized egg that split in two, creating two genetically identical organisms
Fraternal - from separate fertilized eggs - genetically no closer than ordinary siblings, but shared a prenatal environment
What are the differences between monozygotic and dizygotic?
Monozygotic - single fertilized egg
Dizygotic - separate fertilized eggs
What is temperament and how is it related to personality?
emotional reactivity and intensity
one aspect of personality
