Emotion Flashcards
What is the James-Lange theory of emotion?
Emotions are interpretations of our physiological responses
Arousal comes before emotion
What is the Cannon-Bard theory?
Emotion and arousal occur at the same time. Emotion does not cause arousal, arousal does not cause emotion.
What is the two factor theory of arousal?
Emotions are made of (1) physical arousal and (2) cognitive appraisal
What is a spillover effect?
Interpreting physiological arousal for emotional arousal
When emotion from one event spills over into another event
Ex) Rioting after super bowl win
Who proposed that priming on stimulus influence how we feel about a subsequent stimulus?
Zajonc
Who proposed that cognitive appraisal sometimes happens without awareness and that it defines emotional responses?
Lazarus
What is the fear center of the brain?
Amygdala
Define the two pathways for fear stimuli?
High Road: thalamus -> cortex -> amygdala
Low Road: thalamus -> amygdala
What are complex emotions?
Memories, expectations, interpretations
What is reappraisal?
Consciously changing interpretations of a stimulus or stressor
Ex) Going to store, finding out its closed, might be frustrated but decide it was nice to get out of the house and enjoy the nice weather anyway (REDIRECT)
Which emotion tends to “pop out” of a crowd and why?
Angry faces
What are the six primary emotions?
Happiness Sadness Fear Disgust Anger Surprise
How did people communicate in prehistoric times?
People communicated threats, greetings, and submissions with facial expressions
What serves as a universal language across cultures?
Facial expressions
Which cultures encourage individual emotion expression, and which encourage adjustment of emotional states to others?
Individual - North America, Western Europe, Australia, New Zealand
Adjustment (Collectivistic) - China, Japan, India, Korea
Which part of the world expresses emotion with the mouth, and which part of the world expresses emotion with the eyes?
Mouth - Americans
Eyes - Asia
Which emotion is triggered by the fight or flight response?
Anger
What is catharsis?
Aggressive action or fantasy enables emotional release
Which emotion colors everything we experience?
Happiness
What are traits of happy people?
Perceive the world as being safer
More drawn to happy people
More decisive, confident, and cooperative
More likely to marry and less likely to divorce
Earn more money
What is the feel-good do-good phenomenon?
A mood-boosting experience that makes people more likely to do good deeds.
What is the adaptation-level phenomenon?
Tendency to judge stimuli in comparison with our past experiences
Ex. The first cold day after a hot summer always feels colder than the same temperature in the winter
Ex. After getting raise, you become accustomed to new income, want another raise
What is relative deprivation?
Believing that we are worse off than people we compare ourselves to
I used to do this all the time…Not anymore!
What six factors is happiness related to?
High self-esteem
Being optimistic, outgoing, agreeable
Having close, positive, long-lasting relationships
Having work and leisure that engages one’s skills
Having a religious faith
Sleeping well and exercising
What three factors is happiness less related to?
Age
Gender
Physical attractiveness
