History & Overview Flashcards
What is Psychology?
The science of behavior and mental processes
What is Psychiatry?
The study of the medical treatment of psychological disorders
What did Rene Descartes think about the soul?
It was separate from the body and not subject to physical laws
What was the main research technique of Structuralism?
Introspection
Who opened the first Psychology laboratory and in what country was it opened?
Wundt in Germany
Who was the founder of Structuralism who opened the first Psychology laboratory in America?
Titchner
What are the two reasons why introspection was a bad method for studying mental events?
- It does not replicate across individuals
* Many psychological processes are not conscious
How did Functionalists try to understand the mind?
Determining its purpose
Who was the founder of Functionalism who wrote a book called The Principles of Psychology?
James
What scientific theory influenced the Functionalists?
Darwin’s theory of evolution
What is Psychoanalysis?
An approach to studying mental illness that assumes it is caused by subconscious conflicts
What did Sigmund Freud think caused mental illnesses?
Subconscious events
What is Behaviorism?
The scientific study of the relationship between behavior and reinforcement
Who was the founder of behaviorism who conditioned Little Albert?
Watson
What was the name of the behaviorist who studied operant conditioning?
Skinner
