Review for Prelims Exam Flashcards
1
Q
Uses fingertips (rough/smooth)
A
Texture
2
Q
use back of hand (warm, hot, and cold)
A
Temperature
3
Q
Joint position size,m consistenct, and mobility
A
Crepitation and vibration
4
Q
urinary bladder
A
Distention
5
Q
Solid fluid and air filled
A
Consistency of Structure
6
Q
fint descriminations, pulses, texture, size, and consistency, shpae, and crepitu
A
Fingerpads
7
Q
vibrations, thrills, and fremitus
A
Ulnar/palmar
8
Q
temeprature
A
Dorsal
9
Q
very little / no depression (<1cm)
circular motion
uses, pulse and tenderness
A
Light palpation
10
Q
depressed the skinsurface -2cm (0.5-0.75 inces)
feel for palpable body organ and masses
note the size and consistency and mobility of structure
A
Moderate palpation
11
Q
2-2.5cm (1 and 2 inch), uterus, breast, and spleen, use one hand to apply pressure and the other hand to feel pressure
size consistency and mobility of structure
A
Deep palpation
12
Q
`place dominant hand on the skin surface and non dominant hand on top of the dominant hand to apply pressure
surface depression 2.5cm-5cm (12.2 inch)
-feel deep organs / structure
A
Bimanual palpation
13
Q
striking thte bost directly w/one /two fingertips ex tenderness over the sinuses
A
Direct
14
Q
most commonly used, striking of an obj held against the body, striking body surface to elicit sounds, cibrations, ex solid tissue - soft tune
fluid- louder tone
air - produced more louder tone
A
indirect
15
Q
placing one hand flat on the surface and using the fist of the other hand to strike the back of the hand flat on the body surface
used to detect tenderness over organs (kidneys)
A
Blunt
16
Q
A hollow sound
A
resonance
17
Q
a booming sound
A
Hyperresonance
18
Q
Tympany
A
DRUM sound by the stomach
19
Q
Dullness
A
THUD sound - liver and enlarged spleen or a full bladder
20
Q
Flatness
A
EXTREMELY DULL such as muscle and bone
21
Q
Intensity
A
REfers to LOUDNESS and SOFTNESS of sound
22
Q
Pitch
A
Number of vibrations per sec Frequency
23
Q
duration
A
- Length long or short
24
Q
Quality
A
subjective description of a sound (whistling, gurgling, or snapping)
25
use of unaided ear
direct wheezing sound and grating of moving joint
26
use of unaided ear
direct wheezing sound and grating of moving jointi
27
indirect
use of stethoscope
28
high pitched sounds hear lungs and abdomen
Diaphragm
29
low pitches sounds and blood vessels
Bell
30
swish sound
Bruit
31
sound of hose
thrill
32
sound changes in the ________
abdomen
33
longer the tube
more sound has to travel
34
if using bell
less pressure
warm in your hands first
listen concentrate on the sounds
35
how was general health been?
any colds in past year?
accients?
use of cigarettesm alcohol, and drugs?
health Perception and Health Management
36
describes food and fluid consumption relative to metabolic need and patter indicators
supplements
daily fluid intake
weight loss or gain
appetitieq
Nutritional
37
bowel elimination pattern
frequency
urniary elimination
excessive persperiation
Elimination
38
exercise pattern
type regularity?
Activity
39
desribes patter of sleep rest and relacation
sleep onset problems?
Sleep-rest pattern
40
ability of the individual to understand and follow
hearing difficulty hearing aid
vision
wear glasses?
change in memory lately?
cognitive and perceptual pattern
41
client's self worth
how describe self most of the feel good about self?
changes in way you feel about self/body
Self -perception
42
Roles relationship pattern
do you live alone? family? family structure?
family oor others depend on you for things
Roles-Relationship Pattern
43
when appropraite to age and situations - sexual relationships satisficing? changes? problems?
use of contraceptives'? problems?
Sexuality-reproduction system
44
any big changes in your life in the tlast year
who's most helpful in talking thing over available to you now?>
tense or relaxed?
medicines drugs alcohol?
Coping-stress tolerance pattern
45
patters of values, beliefs (including spiritual_ and goals that guides the clients choices and decisions
Values-Beliefs patern
46
the core temperature must be between _____ and ____
36.5C and 37.7C
47
high metabolic rate is
high in vital signs
48
Strenuous Exercise, Stress, Ovulation
Increase in Temperature
49
below 36.5C or 90.0F seen in prolonged exposure to cold, hypoglycemia, hypothyroidism, or starvation
Hypothermia
50
See in viral or bacterial indections, malignancies trauma, immune disorders above 38.0C or 100F
Hyperthermia
51
a shockwave is produced when the heart contracts and forcefully pumps blood out of the ventricles into the aorta
Pulse
52
Number of pulse beat per miute
Rate
53
how many beats per minute normal adult
60-100bpm
54
Taachycardia
>100bpm
55
Bradycardia
<60bpm
56
refers to the evenness of the beat
Rhytym
57
regular
evenly spaced beats
58
ireglar/irregularly regular
regular patern overall w/ skipped beats
59
irregularly irregular
Chaotic withno discernable pattern
60
Determined by the amount of blood forced into the artery by the hearbeat
volume
61
0
absent
62
1+
palpable, but thready
63
2+
palpable, but thready
64
1+
palpable, but threadynormal and identified
65
3+
increased, moderate
66
4+
full, bounding, cannot obliterate
67
normal respiration for adults is
12-20bpm
68
normal or labored
DOB
69
count breaths in _ minute
1
70
6 months
30-60bpm
71
6-12 months
24-30bpm
72
1-5 years
20-30bpm
73
6-12 yeasrs
12-20bpm
74
12 years and above
12-20bpm
75
reflects the pressure exerted on the walls of arteries
Blood Pressure
76
difference between systolic and diastolic pressure
Pulse Pressure
77
Normal
>120 and >80
78
Elevated
120-129 >80
79
HBP HS 1
130-139 80-89
80
Hypertensive Stage 2
>140, >90
81
Hypertensive stage 3
>180, >120
82
Decreased height and delayed puberty with chubbiness'
Hypopituary Dwarfism
83
Skeletal malformation w/ decrease in height
Achonroplastic dwarfism
84
Overgrow of bones in the face head hands and feet with normal height
Hyperpituary Acromegaly
85
Extreme weight loss
anorexia nervosa
86
arm span is greater then height in pubis to sole measuyrement exceeds pubis to crown measruement
marfan syndrome
87
exessive fan evenly distrubuted
exogenous obesity
88
central body weight buffalo hump
endogenous obesity
89
place probley very gently at the opening ear canal for 2-3 seconds untilk the temp appears digital display and normal findings
Tympanic membrane 36.7 - 38.3
90
place the thermometer under the client's tongue to the right or left frenulum deep in the posterior sublingual pocket and normal findings
oral temperature 35.9 - 37.5
91
hold the glass or electronic thermometer under the axilla firmly by having the client hold the arms down and accross the chest for 10 mins
axillary temperature
92
place the thermo over the client's forehead and while pressing the scan button gently stroke the thermo across the client's forehead over the temporal artery to a point directly behind the ear normal findings - 6 seconds - 36.3 - 37.9
Temporal Arterial temp
93
hold a glass thermo in place for 3 mins, use this route when only if other routes are not practical, normal findings: 36.3 - 37.9
Rectal temp
94
radial pulse normal rate
60-100bpm
95
perform _____ of the apical pulse if the client exhibits aby abnormal findings
cardiac auscultation
96
normal RR
between 12-20bpm
97
SBP
<120mmHG
98
DBP
<80mmHG
99
ssure difference of ___ between arms is normal
10mmHG
100
Arterioschleorosis
thickening
101
aetherosclerosis
narrowing
102
normal findinfs of orthostatic hypotension
a drop of <20mmHG from recoredded sitting position is normal
103
Pulse pressure is
30-50mmHG
104
body weight is within ____ of ideal range
10%
105
severe malnutrition
70-80%
106
overwieght
>10%
107
obesity
>20%
108
BMI <18.50
underweight
109
18.50-24.99
Normal Range
110
>25.00
Overweight
111
25-00-29.99
Pre-obese
112
>30
obese
113
waist circumferece female NF
<35inches(88cm)
114
waist circumferece male NF
<40 inches (102cm)
115
waist to hip ration male NF
<0.9
116
waist to hip ratio female NF
<.80
117
mid arm circum standard male
29.3
118
mid arm circum standard female
28..5
119
mid arm circum standard male moderately malnourished
26.3
120
mid arm circum standard female moderately malnourished
25.7
121
mid arm circum standard male severelymalnourished
17.6
122
mid arm circum standard female severely malnourished
17.1
123
venous filling flat
dehydrated
124
venous filling bumpy
cardiovascular problem
125
loud or harsh sounds lung sounds
decreased pleural fluid
friction rubs
crackles
126
awake or readily aroused oriented full aware of external and internal stimuli, respond appropriately conducts meaningful interpersonal interactions
Alert
127
not fully alert drist off to sleep when not stimulated can be aroused but looks frowsy response appropriately to questions or commands
slow and fuzzy
inattentive
loses train of thought
spontaneous movement decresead
lethargy
128
transitional state between lethargy and stupor
sleeps most of the timeq
Obtunded
129
spontaneously unconcious
respons only to vigorous shake/pain
has appropriate motor response
Stupor
130
completely unconsious makes no response to pain
Coma
131
Lowest possible score for GCS
3 - Coma
132
Highest possible score for GCS
15 - Alert
133
15
Alert
134
13-14
Lethargy / Somnolence
135
9-12
Obtundation / Stupor
136
3-8
Coma
137
most superficial layers of the skin
stratified squamous cell epithelium divided intro strata
Epidermis
138
a layer of dense connective tissue
collagen and elastic fibers provide structual strength
dermis
139
most superficial stratum dead squamous cells filled with kertain
Stratum Corneum
140
deepest stratum
cuboidal or columbar cell
mitotic division every 19 days
stratum Basale
141
trransformation of stratum basale cells into stratum corneum cells
keratinization
142
prodution is determiend genetically but can be modified by exposure to ulraviolet light by hormones
yellow brown or black pigments
Melanin
143
a plant pigment ingested as a source of VIT A can cause the skin to appear yellowish
orange-yellow pigment form some vegetables
Carotene
144
_______ is the yellow color seen in the skin of many newborns. Jaundice happens when a chemical called bilirubin builds up in the baby's blood. During pregnancy, the mother's liver removes bilirubin for the baby, but after birth the baby's liver must remove the bilirubin.
Jaundice
145
People whose blood is low in oxygen tend to have a bluish color to their skin. This condition is called
cyanosis
146
sweat glands produce a sweat, which cool,s the body
Eccrine
147
sweat glands produce an oprganic secretion that causes body odor when broken down by bacteria
Apocrine
148
Head and 2 subsections
Cranium and Face
149
_ cranial bones
8
150
_ facial bones
14
