Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

FINALS > Restorative Dentistry > Flashcards

Restorative Dentistry Flashcards

1
Q

what is the definition of attrition

A

act of wearing or grinding down by friction - mechanical wear resulting from mastication or parafunction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

name three features of attrition

A

lesions on occlusal and incisal contacting surfaces
polished facet on a cups
slight flattening of an incisal edge

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is the definition of abrasion

A

physical wear of tooth substance through an abnormal mechanical process independent from occlusion
- involved foreign object or substance repeatedly contacting tooth (eg toothbrushing)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

name three features of abrasion

A

labial/ buccal areas
V-shaped or rounded lesions
sharp margin at enamel edge

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is the definition of erosion

A

progressive loss of tooth substance by chemical processes that do not involve bacterial action

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

name three features of erosion

A

bilateral concave lesions
translucent incisal edges
cupping of occlusal surfaces

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

is inner enamel or outer enamel more susceptible to acid attack

A

inner enamel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is the definition of abfraction

A

loss of hard tissue from eccentric occlusal forces leading to compressive and tensile stresses at cervical fulcrum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

name three features of abfraction

A

cracks in tooth substance
sharp rim at amelo-cemental junction
V-shaped tooth loss

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

name seven risk factors for erosive tooth wear

A

GORD
alcoholism
vomiting
heartburn
eating disorders
iron
hiatus hernia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what is intrinsic erosion

A

occurs with vomiting
patients are sick and then freshen up with water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

which three mechanisms prevent reflux during swallowing

A

elevation of soft palate
tongue contacting pillars of fauces
upper and lower oesophageal sphincters

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is extrinsic erosion

A

can be due to medications and oral hygiene products

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

name examples of medications that can cause extrinsic erosion

A

Vit C tablets - chewable ones
Iron preparations that are acidic and commonly taken during pregnancy
Mouthwash and artificial saliva products that are acidic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

why is the enamel around gingival margin less affected in erosion

A

due to the buffering affects of gingival crevicular fluid
GCF has pH of 7.5-8.7

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

name five aspects of a patient’s social history that may cause erosive tooth wear

A

occupation - wine tasters
hobbies and sport
alcohol intake
recreational drugs - ecstasy (reduces saliva)
psychological stress

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what questions should you ask a patient about their drinking habits on their diet sheet

A

sipping drinks
swishing drinks
frothing drinks
if they hold drinks in their mouth before swallowing

18
Q

what type of acid is the worst for acid erosion

A

citric

19
Q

what aspects of extra-oral examination are important to a toothwear patient

A

TMJ and MOM
tenderness and hypertrophy
shortening of teeth and poor dental aesthetics
overclosure

20
Q

what aspects of intra-oral examination are particularly for a tooth wear patient

A

soft tissues and charting
incisor relationship and dynamic occlusion
canine guidance vs group function
extent of tooth wear

21
Q

what are the indices for describing tooth wear

A

The Tooth Wear Index - Smith and Knight
BEWE - basic erosive wear examination

22
Q

what are the scores for the Tooth Wear Index by Smith and Knight

A

0 - no loss of enamel surface characteristics or change of contour
1 - loss of enamel surface characteristic and minimal change in contour
2 - enamel loss exposing just exposing dentine and defect less than 1mm deep
3 - enamel loss and dentine loss but no pulp exposure and defect is 1-2mm deep
4 - complete enamel loss/ pulp exposure and defect is more than 2mm deep

23
Q

how is the Tooth Wear Index by Smith and Knight carried out

A

each surface of the tooth is given a score between 0 and 4 according to the appearance (B, L, O, I, C)

24
Q

what are the scores for the BEWE examination

A

0 - no erosive tooth wear
1 - initial loss of surface texture
2 - distinct defect with hard tissue loss that is less than 50% of the surface area
3 - hard tissue loss more than 50% of the surface area

25
Q

how is the BEWE examination carried out

A

by sextant - highest score applies to the sextant

26
Q

name the treatment options for tooth wear

A

manage sensitivity
diet diary and advice
GMP to optimise reflux management
splint, monitor, review
composite additions
indirect restorations

27
Q

name two ways you can help a patient who will not give up acidic drinks

A

having fruit drink as part of a meal as saliva flow is highest at meal times
drink with a straw

28
Q

name three appropriate treatment options to monitor sensitivity

A

3 day diet analysis
make casts - monitor if prevention is working
treat with fluoride varnish or dentine bond

29
Q

what is the treatment options for a score of 0/1 on the BEWE assessment

A

check space in ICP and RCP
restore in direct composites (around 1mm thickness) if space present
no space present = Dhal approach
splint therapy
review in 6 months

30
Q

name treatment options for BEWE scores of 2 (moderate/ general tooth wear)

A

restore worn surfaces
increase OBD if required
ensure canine guidance/ group function and even contact in ICP
splint
monitor
consider full coverage restorations

31
Q

with regards to tooth wear patients - what should be referred for specialist treatment

A

repeated failure of restorations
BEWE score of 3

32
Q

the initial steps for treating patients with tooth wear in general practice are eliminate sources of wear and preventative programme - how would you eliminate sources of wear

A

diet diary
address parafunction
habits - pencil chewing/ nail biting
toothbrushing technique
lifestyle habits - stress and recreational drugs

33
Q

the initial steps for treating patients with tooth wear in general practice are eliminate sources of wear and preventative programme - what 4 aspects are part of the preventative programme

A

high fluoride toothpaste/ mouthrinse
lifestyle changes and diet advice
occlusal splint therapy
study models for monitoring/ clinical photos

34
Q

what should referral of tooth wear for specialist advice include

A

accurate study models
photographs
radiographs

35
Q

what desensitising solution can you use for sensitivity due to tooth wear

A

5% glutaraldehyde

36
Q

name two contra indications of anterior composite build ups

A

short roots
reduced periodontal support due to periodontal disease

37
Q

what type of composite is better for composite build ups

A

hybrid composites are better than microfill

38
Q

what are the stages when undertaking a composite build up case

A

take alginate impressions
wax up on study models
make putty matrix of diagnostic wax up

39
Q

what should be included on the lab sheet when undertaking composite build ups that will change the OVD

A

please pour upper and lower study models as per jaw registration using face bow mounting
please increase OVD by 2-3mm and wax up teeth XXX to create normal form
please create canine guidance in R and L lateral excursions

40
Q

what can be used to aid as a mould for composite build ups

A

clear vacuum formed clear plastic matrix
formed from the study model

41
Q

explain anterior composite build ups as if you were discussing with a patient

A

your front teeth will receive tooth coloured fillings to cover the exposed and worn surface
this prevents the teeth from wearing more
this is carried out with LA and has minimal or no drilling to your teeth
we add to the tooth - and do not remove any tooth structure

42
Q

what 7 instructions/ warnings should the patient follow after having anterior composite build ups that have changed the OVD

A

your bite will feel strange for a few days
you may have difficulty chewing
only your front teeth will touch together
your back teeth will gradually come back together but this will take 3-6 months
the change of shape of your front teeth may cause lisping for a few days
you may bite your tongue and lips initially
if you have crowns/ bridges or partial dentures at the back of your mouth it is likely they will need replaced

FINALS (25 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions