Prosthodontics

Question 1

what is kennedy class I

Answer 1

bilateral free ended saddles posteriorly

Question 2

what is kennedy class II

Answer 2

unilateral free ended saddle

Question 3

what is kennedy class III

Answer 3

bounded saddle

Question 4

what is kennedy class IV

Answer 4

anterior bounded saddle that crosses the midline

Question 5

give four medical conditions that could make denture wearing harder

Answer 5

rheumatoid arthritis
xerostomia
osteoporosis/ bisphosphonates
neuromuscular problems

Question 6

what should the nasio-labial angle be

Answer 6

90 degrees

Question 7

name 4 tests you may want to carry out on a proposed abutment tooth

Answer 7

radiograph
EPT
thermal test
6PPC

Question 8

what is meant by support of the denture

Answer 8

resistance to vertical movement of denture towards the tissue

Question 9

what is meant by retention of the denture

Answer 9

resistance to displacement of the denture away from the tissue

Question 10

what is meant by stability of a denture

Answer 10

resistance to horizontal/ lateral movement of the denture

Question 11

what clinical mishaps can cause the registration to be inaccurate

Answer 11

not enough wax removed from saddle areas on the record block
too much interocclusal registration medium

Question 12

what value is the fixed condylar articulator (average value) set at

Answer 12

30 degrees

Question 13

what type of articulator would you be using if you have taken a facebow registration

Answer 13

semi-adjustable
either ARCON or non-ARCON

Question 14

in what position are casts mounted

Answer 14

ICP

Question 15

how is load transmitted when a denture is tooth supported

Answer 15

via the periodontal membrane

Question 16

why is it inadvisable to place a denture base within 3mm of gingival margin

Answer 16

will place pressure at gingival margin

Question 17

what do rests provide the denture

Answer 17

provide support from vertical opposing forces

Question 18

what do clasps provide the denture

Answer 18

retention

Question 19

name a procedure that can be done to the abutment teeth to increase direct retention

Answer 19

to add guide planes - parallel surfaces proximal to saddle area

Question 20

what is indirect retention in a denture

Answer 20

resistance to rotational displacement of a denture

Question 21

what is the RPI system

Answer 21

mesial rest
proximal guide plate
gingivally approaching I bar clasp

Question 22

what can commonly be used to keep record blocks together

Answer 22

registration paste

Question 22

what tool could you use to record the OVD

Answer 22

Willis Bite Gauge

Question 22

how should an upper record block be adjusted so the occlusal plane is appropriately orientated

Answer 22

in line with remaining upper natural teeth
use ala-tragus line if edentulous upper

Question 23

what is the ala-tragus line

Answer 23

from ala of the nose to tragus of the ear

Question 24

how should the upper record block midline be decided

Answer 24

should be coincident with the facial midline

Question 25

how should the incisal plane of an upper record block be recorded

Answer 25

by using the inter pupuillary line

Question 26

what is the Fox's occlusal guide plane a good tool to use for

Answer 26

to recreate occlusal and incisal planes on a record block when there are extended edentulous spaces

Question 27

what 4 things should be checked on a record block where anterior teeth are missing

Answer 27

index teeth in occlusion centre line canine position high smile line

Question 28

name two materials that artificial teeth can be made out of

Answer 28

acrylic porcelain

Question 29

name three advantages of plastic acrylic teeth

Answer 29

natural appearance silent during function chemical bond with denture base

Question 30

name three advantages of modified acrylic teeth

Answer 30

chemical bond with denture base mechanical bond recommended too higher abrasion resistance

Question 31

name three advantages of porcelain teeth

Answer 31

silane coupling agent used to attach to denture base natural appearance hard - high resistance to abrasion

Question 32

what are six things you should check after inserting a denture at delivery

Answer 32

fit retention stability aesthetics speech occlusal contacts

Question 33

how many times daily should denture cleanser be used

Answer 33

once daily

Question 33

what are three things you should tell your denture patient on how to care for their dentures

Answer 33

clean dentures over filled sink brush dentures with toothbrush and non-abrasive denture cream only use denture cleansers outside the mouth

Question 34

why should denture cleansing solutions containing sodium hypochlorite not be used for more than 10 minutes

Answer 34

could damage the denture

Question 35

what should you avoid in a denture with a metal base

Answer 35

sodium hypochlorite cleaning solutions

Question 36

name five effects if edentulism

Answer 36

loss of masticatory function appearance self esteem quality of life speech

Question 37

what is post extraction absorption and when does it occur

Answer 37

occurs rapidly after extraction - in first 6 months

Question 38

what are the 6 classes of atrophy in the mandible (Cawood and Howell)

Answer 38

stage 1 - pre-extraction stage 2 - immediately after extraction stage 3 - high-well rounded ridge stage 4 - knife-edged shaped ridge stage 5 - low well-rounded ridge stage 6 - depressed bone level

Question 39

name four reasons for rendering a patient edentulous

Answer 39

caries periodontal disease tooth wear head and neck cancer pre-treatment

Question 40

what are the three different methods of complete denture construction

Answer 40

conventional replica digital dentures

Question 41

what is included in a denture history

Answer 41

age of current dentures are they a matched set most recent set worn how many sets of dentures has the patient had

Question 42

what two soft tissue diseases are often seen in denture wearers

Answer 42

angular cheilitis denture stomatitis

Question 43

what are the areas of support in the upper jaw

Answer 43

hard palate (primary) ridge crest (secondary)

Question 44

what are the areas of support in the lower jaw

Answer 44

buccal shelf and pear-shaped pad (primary) ridge crest and genial tubercles (secondary)

Question 45

what is the ideal value for free-way space

Answer 45

2-4mm

Question 46

what are the seven steps to record occlusion in complete dentures

Answer 46

1 - adjust upper block for retention 2 - adjust upper block for tooth position 3 - adjust upper block for occlusal planes 4 - lower tooth position and horizontal jaw relationship 5 - measure vertical dimension 6 - record registration 7 - shade selection and mould

Question 47

what is LIMBO

Answer 47

lip support incisal edge midline buccal corridor occlusal plane

Question 48

what is the recommended nasio-labial angle

Answer 48

90 degrees

Question 49

what can be used to check tooth position

Answer 49

alma gauge

Question 50

how much incisal level should show at rest

Answer 50

1-2 mm

Question 51

what occurs in a patient with excessive freeway space

Answer 51

overclosed facial appearance cheek biting and TMJ problems

Question 52

what occurs in patients with inadequate free way space

Answer 52

excessive load on denture bearing area continuous muscular activity = pain

Question 53

name 4 displacing forces of dentures

Answer 53

gravity muscle activity sticky foods function

Question 54

name factors that can affect the retention and stability of dentures

Answer 54

atrophic ridges incomplete palates mobile soft tissue (fibrous/ flabby ridge) gagging patients

Question 55

what do the three numbers on tooth mould selections reveal for anterior artificial teeth

Answer 55

top - width of 6 anterior teeth laid out flat middle - width of left central incisor bottom - length of left central incisor

Question 56

what do the two numbers reveal on mould selection for posterior artificial teeth

Answer 56

top - width of 4 posterior teeth laid flat bottom - depth of crown of left first molar U = maxillary L = mandibular

Question 57

how far anterior to the incisive papilla should anterior teeth be set

Answer 57

5.5mm

Question 58

what is the occlusal plane parallel to

Answer 58

ala-tragus line

Question 59

when should cuspless artificial posterior teeth be used

Answer 59

when it is difficult to get a reproducible jaw relationship

Question 60

what is aspiration pneumonia and why is it associated with dentures

Answer 60

dentures are a reservoir for potential respiratory pathogens increases risk of inhaling these pathogens

Question 61

how should metal based dentures be cleaned

Answer 61

effervescent alkaline peroxide cleaners - steradent for 15 mins max

Question 62

name some contraindications of immediate dentures

Answer 62

ORN/ MRONJ cases pre-chemo or radiotherapy dementia