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FINALS > Operative Dentistry > Flashcards

Operative Dentistry Flashcards

1
Q

what aspects of your cavity preparation should you consider for composite

A

prism orientation
avoid cavosurface margins

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2
Q

what is the result of caries being left at the EDJ

A

unsupported enamel and early breakdown of restoration margin when microleakage occurs

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3
Q

what is assessed with sensibility testing

A

the neural activity - not vascular supply

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4
Q

give an example of a vitality test

A

pulse oximetry - measures the blood flow

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5
Q

what are the four requirements for caries to develop

A

susceptible tooth surface
Time
Bacteria
Sugar

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6
Q

name four potential plaque traps on a tooth

A

pit and fissures
interproximal
smooth surfaces
root surface

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7
Q

what are reasons for treating tooth loss

A

aesthetics
function
speech
maintenance of teeth

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8
Q

what is a bridge

A

prothesis that replaces a missing tooth or teeth and is attached to one or more natural teeth or implants

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9
Q

what are the two types of bridgework

A

adhesive
conventional

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10
Q

what are indications for a bridge

A

favourable alignment of abutments
favourable occlusion
aesthetics
big teeth

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11
Q

what are contra-indications for a bridge

A

abutment prognosis poor
likely to lose more teeth in same arch
uncooperation
periodontal disease
tilted and rotated teeth
periapical status

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12
Q

what are the two designs that conventional or adhesive bridgework can be

A

cantilever - abutment tooth on one side
fixed-fixed - abutment teeth on both sides

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13
Q

what are advantages of cantilever bridges

A

minimal to no prep
no LA required
less surgery time
less costly

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14
Q

what are disadvantages of cantilever bridges

A

rigorous clinical technique
metal shine through
chipping porcelain
occlusal interference

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15
Q

what is required when canines are going to be used as part of the bridge unit

A

facebow registration

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16
Q

what is a direct bridge

A

done post XLA
using patient’s tooth
patient doesnt have to leave with a gap

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17
Q

what is an indirect bridge

A

lab formed
wing finish 0.5mm supragingivally

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18
Q

what preparation is required for an adhesive bridge (if needed)

A

180 wrap around
chamfer margin 0.5mm supragingivally
rest seats on posterior teeth

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19
Q

what retainers are used for resin bonded bridges

A

CoCr or NiCr
sanblasted by lab to increase bond of cement

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20
Q

what is an advantage of conventional bridgework

A

more robust
used in larger spans
maximum retention and strength

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21
Q

what are disadvantages of conventional bridgework

A

more destructive to tooth tissue
preparation is difficult
removal of tooth tissue
parallel tooth preparation required

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22
Q

what are the five aspects of pontic design

A

wash through
dome shaped
modified ridge
ridge lap
ovate

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23
Q

what materials can be used for abutment teeth crowns in conventional bridges

A

all metal - gold, nickel, CoCr, stainless steel
metal ceramic
all ceramic - zirconia, lithium disilicate

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24
Q

what materials may be used for crowns

A

gold type II alloy
paladium alloy
base metal alloys (nickel and chromium)
ceramic
stainless steel (paediatric)

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25
Q

when are crowns used

A

to protect weakened tooth structure
to improve aesthetics
for retainers in bridgework
when indicated by RPD design
to restore tooth function

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26
Q

what are the 6 principles of tooth preparation

A

preserve tooth structure
retention and resistance
structural durability
marginal integrity
preserve periodontium
aesthetics

27
Q

what does under preparation for a crown result in

A

poor aesthetics
overbuilt crown with periodontal and occlusal consequences

28
Q

what does overpreparation of a tooth for a crown result in

A

pulp and tooth strength being compromised

29
Q

what is the ideal design of a crown to allow retention and resistance to unwanted forces

A

inclination of opposing walls 6 degrees
limit number of paths of insertion

30
Q

how is the tooth prepared to be structurally durable for crown application

A

occlusal reduction
functional cusp bevel
axial reduction

31
Q

for metal ceramic crown preparations on posterior teeth what is the occlusal reduction required

A

2.5mm

32
Q

what is the occlusal reduction required for metal crowns

A

1-1.5mm

33
Q

what margin is required for metal ceramic crowns

A

1.5mm chamfer margin

34
Q

what occlusal reduction is required for all ceramic crowns

A

2.5mm

35
Q

where should margins of crown restorations be placed to preserve the periodontium

A

smooth and fully exposed to cleansing action
where the dentist can finish them and patient can clean them
at the gingival margin where possible

36
Q

what is the axial reduction, occlusal reduction and finish line for a metal crown

A

0.5mm axial
1.5 functional cusp
0.5 non-functional cusp
chamfer

37
Q

what is the axial reduction, occlusal reduction and finish line for ceramic crowns

A

1mm axial
1.5mm functional cusp
1mm non-functional cusp
shoulder (1mm)

38
Q

what is the axial reduction, occlusal reduction and finish line for a metal ceramic crown

A

1.3mm axial
1.8mm functional cusp
1.3 non-functional cusp
chamfer margin

39
Q

what are the stages in tooth preparation for a metal ceramic crown

A

occlusal reduction
separation
buccal reduction (in 2 planes)
palatal/ lingual reduction
shoulder/ chamfer finish
check occlusal surface and clearance

40
Q

what are three treatment objectives of treating an endodontically treated tooth

A

remain tooth in arch
maintain coronal seal of root canal system
protect and preserve remaining tooth structure

41
Q

what is a post

A

peg or pin for fastening an artificial crown or core onto natural tooth root

42
Q

when are posts required

A

when three walls are lost (MODB/L cavity)
no walls remaining

43
Q

what is the minimum thickness of a cavity wall to determine resistance to functional loads

A

1mm

44
Q

what is a ferrule

A

2-3mm coronal dentine remaining
should not be less than 1.5mm

45
Q

what is the function of a ferrule

A

reduces stress which otherwise would cause root fracture

46
Q

what are the dimensions of an optimal post

A

1: ratio with crown or 2/3rd root length
4-5mm GP left at apex
no more than 1/3 of root diameter
placed in straight part of canal

47
Q

what materials can be used for posts

A

metal - stainless steel, titanium, cast metal
non-metal - glass fibre, cement fibre

48
Q

what are cast posts

A

custom made posts to follow canal curvature
requires extra lab and clinical stage

49
Q

what are fibre posts

A

pre-formed posts
tooth coloured
compatible with adhesive systems

50
Q

when would a fibre post be used as opposed to cast post

A

for a fibre post there must be 2-3mm remaining supra-gingival tooth structure
fibre posts cannot be used in patients with paranfunctional habits or overbites

51
Q

what is the mode of failure for 1) cast posts and 2) fibre posts

A

1) fracture roots
2) debond at post-cement interface leading to caries

52
Q

what is the downside of tapered posts

A

must be cement retained
wedging effect

53
Q

what is the downside of parallel posts

A

more tooth tissue removed

54
Q

what are three aspects of an optimal post design

A

parallel sided - avoids wedging
non-threaded - avoids installation stress
cement retained - cement distributes masticatory forces

55
Q

what types of cements can be used for cementing posts

A

GIC
adhesive resin cement
RMGIC

56
Q

what are the properties of adhesive resin cements in post placement

A

greater retention
higher compression strength
premature setting may occur before post fully seated

57
Q

what are the properties of GIC as a cement for post placement

A

weak chemical bond to dentine
easier retrievability
fluoride release but requires several days to reach max strength

58
Q

what are the properties of RMGIC as a cement for post placement

A

insoluble
good retention
but expands with time

59
Q

what is polyvinylsiloxane an example of

A

elastomeric material

60
Q

what are the three viscosities PVS has

A

light bodied
medium bodied
heavy bodied

61
Q

what forceps are used with articulating paper

A

millers forceps

62
Q

what are two ways an apex locator reading can be affected

A

fluid within the canal
poor contact point with canal walls

63
Q
A

FINALS (25 decks)

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