Responses to exercise

Question 1

Response

Answer 1

A shot term immediate effect of exercise on the body systems during a warm up or at the start of activity

Question 2

Structural response

Answer 2

An anatomical change to a part of the body

Question 3

Functional response

Answer 3

The effect of the structural response on performance

Question 4

Long term adaptations to the heart

Answer 4

> Increased max heart rate (fitter myocardium)
Bradycardia (cardiac hypertrophy - increase CO, decreased RHR)
Increased blood supply to myocardium - efficiency

Question 5

Long term adaptations to the blood vessels

Answer 5

> Increased elasticity - reduces blood pressure
Increased capillarisation at alveoli and skeletal muscle tissue

Question 6

Long term adaptations to blood

Answer 6

> Greater tolerance to blood lactate levels
Increased blood volume and haemoglobin count
Increased blood flow to working muscles

Question 7

Long term adaptations to respiratory system

Answer 7

> Increased breathing rate
Increased breathing depth
Increased gaseous exchange
Primary and secondary respiratory muscles (intercostal muscles and diaphragm) - increased strength

Question 8

Responses of cardiorespiratory systems to a warm up

Answer 8

> Increased body temperature
Increased heart rate and stroke volume
Increased cardiac output
Increased breathing rate/depth
Capillaries dilate with oxygenated blood (improved gas exchange)
Increased blood pressure in arteries
Blood shunting
Increased venous return