Respitory System

Question 1

To maintain muscle energy supply:

Answer 1

Nutrients must be delivered
Oxygen must be delivered
By-products must be removed

Question 2

The primary role of the respiratory system is to

Answer 2

1. Deliver oxygenated air to blood
2. Remove carbon dioxide from blood, a by-product of metabolism

Question 3

The repository system includes

Answer 3

1. The lungs (pulmonary system)
2. Several passageways leading from outside to the lungs
3. Muscles that move in out out of lungs

Question 4

The functional units of the lungs are the tiny air sacs, known as _______

Answer 4

Aveoli
Where gas exchange is happening, how many you have determines lung capacity

Question 5

Alveoli are clusters in bunch’s like grapes, with a common opening into an alveolar duct called an _____________

Answer 5

Alveolar sac

Question 6

Diaphragm

Answer 6

Sits under the lungs

Question 7

Intercostals

Answer 7

Sit between the ribs

Question 8

Diaphragm contracts and moves down
This causes _______ in volume of chest cavity
This cause _______ in pressure
Air is then sucked into lungs (gas go from high to low concentration)

Answer 8

Increase
Decrease

Question 9

External intercostal muscles contract:
This causes ribs to ________
This causes ______ in volume of chest cavity
This causes _______ in pressure
Air is sucked into lungs

Answer 9

Elevate
Increase
Decrease

-pleura lined on lungs that pulls to chest when expanding

Question 10

Pharynx/ Trachea structure

Answer 10

Nasal cavity- cilia filter air
Pharynx- has epiglottis
Epiloglottis- food vs. Air in the pharynx, covers opening
Glottis - opening
Larynx- voice box
Trachea to lungs

Question 11

Pathway of air

Answer 11

Air enter the nasal cavity
Passes then to the pharynx
Then passed the epiglottis and enter the opening called the glottis
Before passing into the trachea on the way to the lungs
The first branches into the lungs are the left and right bronchi
Then branches into smaller and smaller bronchioles
The terminal chambers in the lungs are alveoli

Question 12

Bronchioles / Lung function

Answer 12

Bronchi (primary/secondary/ tertiary/ terminal)
23+ successive branching bronchioles
Alveolar sacs with surrounding capillary plexus (blood in aveoli for 0.75 sec)
Pressure gradient = gas exchange
*lung volume and capacity change little with training

Question 13

Muscle contractions need __________ to continue beyond the anaerobic stage

Answer 13

Oxygen

Question 14

99% of the O2 that is transported in blood is chemically bonded with ___________ in the red blood cells

Answer 14

Hemoglobin

Question 15

Respiratory and response (receptors in…)

Answer 15

-receptors in aorta and in carotid arteries are sensitive to partial pressures of CO2 and O2 also to ph (acidity) of blood
-theses receptors send signal to brain (medulla) which sends signals to diaphragm and intercostal muscles

Question 16

In exercise, we increase the muscles need for O2 which is carried fro lungs to muscles via _________ in erythrocytes

Answer 16

Hemoglobin

Question 17

Muscle contraction produce by-products that must be eliminated
Anaerobic produces ________
Aerobic need O2 and gives off _____ and _______

Answer 17

Lactic acid
CO2 and H2O

Question 18

Energy supply for muscle contraction

Answer 18

ATP

Question 19

Resynthesized Anaerobically

Answer 19

Alactic system (ATP, PCr)
Lactic system ( CHO)

Question 20

Resynthesized Aerobically

Answer 20

Oxidative system (CHO, fats)

Question 21

-Air enters through the nose (nasal cavity) and or mouth, where it is filtered, humidified and adjusted to body temperature in the ________

Answer 21

Trachea

Question 22

-the trachea branches into the ____________ that enter the lung and continue to branch into smaller and smaller tubes called ____________and finally the repository bronchioles

Answer 22

Left and right bronchi
Bronchioles

Question 23

The whole system is inside the lungs looks similar an upside-down tree that it is commonly called the “respiration tree”.
- The lungs are _______The right lung is larger than the left lung because the heart takes up more space on the left side.

Answer 23

Asymmetrical